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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Change of magneto-optical Kerr rotation due to interlayer thickness in magnetically coupled films with noble-metal wedge : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6360-6362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An intensity oscillation of the saturation polar Kerr rotation φK due to interlayer thickness d was observed in Fe(5 A(ring))/Au(d A(ring))/Fe(5 A(ring))(100) and Fe(6 A(ring))/Au(d A(ring))/Fe(6 A(ring))(100) sandwiched films. The periods of the oscillation are about 7–8 and 5–6 monolayers of Au thickness, respectively. The oscillation of φK can be observed only in the photon energy range 2.5–3.8 eV for Fe(6 A(ring))/Au(d A(ring))Fe(6 A(ring)). These phenomena are considered to be closely related to a formation of spin-polarized quantum-well states of the minority Δ1 band in the Au layer sandwiched with two Fe barrier layers. The φK peak positions and oscillation period do not correspond exactly to those of the change in the in-plane saturation field Hs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355349
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity distribution asymmetries in magnetoresistive heads with domain control films (abstract) : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6400-6400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Suppression of the sidetrack reading behavior is important in achieving⋅high track-density recording with a magnetoresistive head. In the present work, we investigate the sensitivity distribution profiles of MR heads through experimentation using a microtrack technique1 and computer simulation. Shielded, soft, adjacent-layer-biased MR heads with 3∼6−μm-wide tracks are used. The ends of the MR elements are coupled to antiferromagnetic or hard ferromagnetic films for domain control. In the simulation based on the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation,2 the magnetization configurations in the MR elements of the domain stabilizing films are calculated to analyze the sensitivity distribution. The measured sensitivity profiles in all cases have asymmetries that are reversed when the sensing current direction or the magnetization direction of the MR element is reversed. These results agree with the simulation. The asymmetries of sensitivity profiles are explained by the magnetic poles at the domain control film edges and at the transverse edges of the element which generate a diagonal demagnetizing field distribution in the sensing region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355364
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (NH4)2Sx-treated InP(001) studied by high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 3059-3062 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The chemical state of sulfur on (NH4)2Sx-treated InP(001) surfaces has been studied by high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We find three kinds of chemical states of sulfur (S2p3/2 lines at 161.2, 162.0, and 163.4 eV) on the sample treated at RT. It is suggested that they correspond to sulfur in phosphorus sites (in the second layer of the InP(001) surface), to sulfur bonded to indium on the first layer, and to elemental sulfur on sulfide, respectively. One (S2p3/2=162.0 eV) of them becomes predominant with long-time exposure to atmosphere at RT. Upon annealing the sample at 400 °C, the 163.4 eV line disappears, while the lines at 162.0 and 161.2 eV remain on the surface. A model of the treated surface is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357487
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport through 90° [010] basal-plane-faced tilt and twist grain boundaries in YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 1584-1586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have fabricated controlled grain boundaries between a- and c-axis films of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO). By selectively depositing c-axis and in-plane aligned a-axis YBCO on the same substrate, we have grown nominally 90° [010] basal-plane-faced tilt and twist grain boundaries (BFGB's and TGB's) on LaSrGaO4 (LSGO) substrates and have studied their transport. We find that the TGB is very robust, exhibiting high critical current density Jc and weak field dependence, and is as well coupled as our [010] antiphase boundaries. The BFGB is not as strong, but couples better than high-angle [001] tilt grain boundaries in c-axis films. Although the BFGB's do limit Jc, they do not reduce Jc by more than an order of magnitude and the field dependence is very weak. We discuss these grain boundaries in terms of weak links.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112969
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface study of YBa2Cu3O7−δ epitaxial films cleaned by an atomic oxygen beam (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 2581-2583 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An atomic oxygen beam generated by a microwave plasma source has been used to clean the surface of high-Tc superconducting a- and c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) epitaxial thin films. The crystallinity and electronic structure of the cleaned films have been characterized in situ using reflection high energy electron diffraction, low energy electron diffraction (LEED), and ultraviolet and x-ray photoemission spectroscopies (UPS, XPS). Exposure of the surface at 350 °C to the atomic oxygen beam yields sharp LEED spots and a metallic feature at the Fermi level. For a-axis films, clear LEED patterns and a Fermi edge in UPS spectra of a recleaned surface are simultaneously observed. The contact resistance between a cleaned a-axis YBCO film and in situ deposited gold was found to be in the range of 10−10–10−9 Ω cm2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111532
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A WILD-TYPE μs C-TERMINAL GENE IS EXPRESSED IN BLOOM'S SYNDROME CELLS (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 21 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Selective IgM deficiency is found commonly in patients with Bloom's syndrome (BS). Serum IgM concentrations were low though serum IgG and IgA concentrations were normal in both patients with BS included in the study. In a previous study the authors showed that selective IgM deficiency in BS is due to an abnormality in the maturation of surface IgM-bearing cells into IgM-secreting cells and a failure of secreted μ (μ s) mRNA synthesis. The membrane-bound μ (μ m) and μ s mRNA are produced from transcripts of a single immunoglobulin μ gene by alternative RNA processing pathways. The control of μ s mRN A synthesis depends on the addition of poly(A) to μ s C-terminal segment. The study described here demonstrated that there was no mutation or deletion in the sequence including μ s C-terminal coding sequence, the RNA splice site (GG/TAAAC) at the 5’ end of μ s C-terminal segment, and the AATAAA poly(A) signal sequence, and second GT-rich element immediately down-stream of the cleavage site in both patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1994.tb00184.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intravenous Immunoglobulins Suppress Immunoglobulin Productions by Suppressing Ca2+ -Dependent Signal Transduction Through Fc γ Receptors in B Lymphocytes (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 40 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is used in the treatment of a wide range of autoimmune disorders. However, the mechanisms of the action of IVIGs remain poorly understood. To analyse the mechanisms of effects of IVIGs on immunoglobulin (Ig) production of B cells, the effects of IVIGs on B lymphoblastoid cell lines transformed by Epstein-Barr virus (LCLs) were investigated. The productions of IgG or IgM of LCLs were dose-dependently suppressed by polyethylene glycol (PEG)-treated IVIG or pH 4-treated 1VIG though the productions were not or only slightly suppressed by pepsin-treated IVIG. The suppression by IVIGs was blocked by anti-human IgG Fc or anti-Fc γ RII. C μ gene expression and μ s C terminal gene expression of LCLs were suppressed by PEG-treated IVIG, whereas neither C μ gene expression nor μ s C terminal gene expression of LCLs were suppressed by pepsin-treated IVIG. Although the increase in intracellular calcium concentration in LCLs was not suppressed by pepsin-treated IVIG, the increase was suppressed by PEG-treated IVIG. This suppressing effect of PEG-treated IVIG on intracellular calcium concentration of LCLs was blocked by anti-human IgG Fc or anti- Fc γ RII. Our results suggest that IVIGs suppressed the Ca2+ -dependent signal transduction through Fc γ R on B-cell membrane, consequently, the transcription of C γ mRNA, especially secreted γ mRNA was suppressed in the B cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03430.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of genetic alterations in renal cell carcinoma using the polymerase chain reaction (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 453-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Tumour suppressor genes ; ras oncogene Renal cell carcinoma ; Polymerase chain reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Very frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 3p has been found in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In the present study, we examined LOH at the retinoblastoma (RB), mutated in colorectal cancer (MCC) and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumour suppressor genes loci, and mutations of the H-, K-, and N-ras oncogenes. We performed these studies using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analyses. LOH was detected in 2 of 11 (18.2%), and 2 of 14 (14.3%) informative cases at the MCC and APC loci, respectively, and in none of 15 informative cases at the RB locus in 25 RCCs. LOH at the MCC was accompanied by LOH at the APC locus in two RCCs. No mutation was detected in H-, K-, and N-ras genes in 39 RCCs. Thus, alterations of the known tumour suppressor genes and the ras oncogenes were infrequent events in RCC. The results suggest that the genetic pathway in the genesis of RCC differs considerably from that of other common human carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191428
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of proteases in stratum corneum: involvement in stratum corneum desquamation (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 286 (1994), S. 249-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Stratum corneum ; Desquamation ; Trypsin-like serine protease ; Chymotrypsin-like serine protease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of protease inhibitors on cell dissociation were studied in vitro in order to examine the involvement of proteases in stratum corneum desquamation. Stratum corneum sheet (peeled from human backs after sunburn) was incubated in a detergent mixture containing 8 mM N,N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide, 2 mM sodium lauryl sulphate and 60 Μg/ml kanamycin with or without protease inhibitors, and the number of released cells was counted after incubation for 48 h. Cell dissociation was inhibited strongly by antipain or aprotinin, but not at all by N-[N-(l-3-transcarboxyoxiran-2-carbonyl)-l-leucyl]-agmatin, N-ethylmaleimide or pepstatin, which suggests that only serine proteases are associated with desquamation. Furthermore, leupeptin and chymostatin each reduced cell dissociation about half as effectively as aprotinin or antipain, while a mixture of leupeptin and chymostatin prevented stratum corneum dissociation as potently as antipain or aprotinin. In addition, the activity of chymotrypsin-like protease in scaly skin was higher than that in normal skin, as we have previously found for trypsin-like protease. These results suggest that both trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like serine proteases are involved in stratum corneum desquamation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387596
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyglucosan bodies in the brain of a cow (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 75-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Polyglucosan bodies ; Cow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Polyglucosan bodies (PGBs) in the brain of a 12-year-old Holstein cow exhibiting no signs of neurological abormality were examined by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. PGBs were disseminated throughout the brain, especially in the pallidum, thalamus and cerebellum. Cow PGBs were found in the neuronal perikaryon and in the neuropil. These were round, slightly to severely basophilic, and were strongly positive for the periodic acid-Schiff reaction. The cow PGBs were immunoreactive for monoclonal antibodies raised against human polyglucosan. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that they were composed of branching filaments, glycogen granules and electrondense meterial. These findings indicate that cow PGBs closely resemble human or canine PGBs in Lafora's disease and PGBs found in aged animals that have been reported previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294362
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