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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GaN hexagonal microprisms with smooth vertical facets fabricated by selective metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2196-2198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Selective growth of GaN was performed by low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy using a mask-patterned GaN epitaxial layer on a (0001) sapphire substrate. GaN hexagonal microprisms of 5–16 μm in diameter, with smooth vertical facets and no ridge growth, were fabricated on a (0001) sapphire substrate. This vertical {11¯00} facet of GaN was parallel to a {112¯0} face of the sapphire substrate. Both the use of an epitaxial GaN layer on the sapphire substrate and low working pressure contributed to obtaining smooth top and vertical facet surfaces. Also, the stripe structures of GaN were obtained that had a rectangular cross section. Moreover, the selection of the mask-patterning direction was found to be important because of the 30° rotation of the crystallographic orientation between the GaN layer and the sapphire substrate. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119379
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic skin lesions with acid electrolytic water - a new therapeutic strategy for atopic dermatitis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The subjects studied were 22 pediatric patients newly diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD); 11 were treated with acid electrolytic water (AEW), which has a strong bactericidal activity (AEW group), and the other 11 with tap water (placebo group). AEW or tap water, 1 ml/cm2 (body surface area), was sprayed on their skin lesions with a spray gun each twice a day for a week. There were no significant differences between the two groups in regard to sex, age, serum IgE, peripheral eosinophil counts, grading scores of AD, and duration of AD. The study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Colony counts of Staphylococcus aureus on skin lesions in the AEW group, both 3 min after spraying (P 〈 0.05) and after 1 week of skin treatment (P 〈 0.01), were significantly decreased as compared with colony counts before treatment, while there was no significant difference in the placebo group before and after treatment. Grading scores of AD also decreased in the AEW group (P 〈0.01), but not in the placebo group. Both the subjects' guardians' evaluation and a referee physician's evaluation of treatment effect were significantly higher in the AEW group than in the placebo group (P 〈 0.01). AEW may be potentially effective in preventing a staphylococcal chronic inflammation in AD because of its strong bactericidal activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02423.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES RELATING TO THE FRACTURE STRESS AND FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF SILICON NITRIDE (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Microstructure and mechanical properties of HP (Hot Pressed), HP/GP (Gas Pressed), and HP/HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressed)—Si3N4 are studied using scanning electron microscopy, bending tests and the indentation fracture method. The grain diameter distribution is analyzed to clarify the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties; and also the bending strength and fracture toughness. It is shown that bending strength increases with decreasing grain diameter. The results also show that a Hall—Petch type of relationship is obtained between grain diameter and fracture strength. The fracture toughness shows a linear relationship with 〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:8756758X:FFE829:FFE_829_fu1" location="image_n/FFE_829_fu1.gif" extraInfo="missing"/〉, where σF= bending strength, β= a proportionality factor and da= average grain diameter, and is closely related to the aspect ratio of Si3N4 grains. It is concluded, from the morphological analysis, that a microstructure composed of Si3N4 grains, with both a small grain diameter and a large aspect ratio, is effective in improving both the fracture strength and fracture toughness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1997.tb01527.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interorganellar gene transfer in bryophytes: the functional nad7 gene is nuclear encoded in Marchantia polymorpha (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 256 (1997), S. 589-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Gene transfer ; NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase ; Liverwort ; Signal peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The nad7 gene, encoding subunit 7 of NADH dehydrogenase, is mitochondrially encoded in seed plants. In the liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha, only a pseudogene is located in the mitochondrial genome. We have now identified the functional nad7 gene copy in the nuclear genome of Marchantia, coding for a polypeptide of 468 amino acids. The nuclear-encoded nad7 has lost the two group II introns present in the mitochondrial pseudogene copy. Instead, a typical nuclear intron is found to split an exon encoding the presumptive mitochondrial targeting signal peptide and the mature subunit 7 of NADH dehydrogenase. These results suggest that RNA-mediated gene transfer from the mitochondrial into the nuclear genome occurs not only in seed plants but also in bryophytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008616
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the DNA content of megakaryocytes identified immunologically with that identified morphologically (1997)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 108 (1997), S. 115-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We devised a new microfluorometric method for determining the ploidy of megakaryocytes identified immunologically in bone marrow smears. The smears were immunostained by incubation with mouse monoclonal anti-glycoproteins (GP) IIb antibodies, followed by fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibodies. They were then stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Megakaryocytes were identified by their GPIIb immunofluorescence using a microfluorometer and, after the filters were changed, their DNA content was assayed by measuring the intensity of DAPI fluorescence. This intensity was shown to be proportional to the DNA content when the aperture of the objective lens was reduced. We compared these results with those obtained when megakaryocytes were identified morphologically, using DAPI staining after Wright-Giemsa destaining. In all 12 normal controls, the ploidy peaks were shown to be 16N by both methods, and the mean ploidy detected by the immunological method was only reduced 0.961 times relative to the estimate from the morphological method. In contrast, in eight myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients, the ploidy peaks were either 8N or 4N and the mean was reduced by 0.906 times (P=0.018). Thus we could immunologically identify small megakaryocytes which we could not identify morphologically. Therefore, this method is useful for measuring megakaryocytic ploidy, especially in the pathological megakaryocytes of MDS patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050152
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment with rhG-CSF for osteomyelitis in a patient with p47-phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 75 (1997), S. 243-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Chronic granulomatous disease ; p47-phox deficiency ; G-CSF ; Superoxide anion (O2 ; ) ; Osteomyelitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A 24-year-old woman with osteomyelitis was diagnosed as having p47-phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). The patient showed a marked deficiency of p47-phox, which is very rare in Japan. As the clinical response to various antibiotics including sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was not satisfactory, we added recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) to the treatment protocol. We report the beneficial clinical course of the patient, together with the effect of rhG-CSF on the granulocyte function, and the present report indicates that rhG-CSF is useful for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant infection in the variant type of p47-phox-defective CGD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050351
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Damage depth-profiling of Au+ and O+-irradiated amorphous PEEK by monoenergetic positron beams (1997)
    Springer
    Applied physics 64 (1997), S. 491-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 78.70.Bj; 61.80.-x
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: + and O+ ions was exposed to positron beams to measure the positron annihilation Doppler broadening as a function of the positron energy. As in the previous case of O+-irradiated semicrystalline PEEK, the annihilation lines recorded at relatively low positron energies became broader with increasing irradiation dose. The thickness of the damaged layer estimated from the positron data was compared with the mean depth of the implanted ions calculated by the TRIM code. For the Au+-irradiated samples, some discrepancy was observed between the two quantities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050507
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatigue fracture toughness of AZ91D alloy at ambient temperature (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 16 (1997), S. 1084-1085 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Abstracts are not published in this journal
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018547212966
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of whiskered ZrO2 crystals by hydrothermal decomposition of zirconium oxide sulphate pseudo-crystals (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 1789-1794 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Several kinds of metastable compounds, pseudo zirconium oxide sulphates (PZOS) with a chemical composition of Zr3O5SO4·nH2O, were previously synthesized by the thermal hydrolysis of solutions containing zirconium sulphate at 200 or 240°C. The obtained PZOS samples were again hydrothermally treated in different sulphuric acid solutions (〈1.0 mol l-1) at 240°C, and their hydrothermal decomposition behaviour was investigated by TEM observation. The PZOS samples mostly crystallized to plate-like zirconium oxide sulphate (ZOS) in the concentrated sulphuric acid solution (〉0.5 mol l-1), but long-whiskered monoclinic ZrO2 crystals grew with decomposition of the PZOS samples obtained from the starting mixtures with added Zr(OH)4 when rapidly heated to the hydrothermal treatment temperatures. It was found that many ultrafine monoclinic ZrO2 crystals were simultaneously formed during the hydrothermal preparation of the PZOS samples, and during the following hydrothermal decomposition of the PZOS samples, the whiskered crystals of monoclinic ZrO2 grew with the consumption of PZOS from the coexisting ultrafine monoclinic ZrO2 particles which act as seed crystals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018588303301
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