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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Postoperative Phase ; Ösophagustemperatur ; Blasentemperatur ; Rektaltemperatur ; Vergleich verschiedener Meßorte ; Key words Postoperative period ; Oesophageal temperature ; Bladder temperature ; Rectal temperature ; Comparison of different sites of measurement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Objective: The data of 60 postoperatively sedated and ventilated patients were studied for analysis of oesophageal, bladder, and rectal temperatures. The purpose of the investigation was to clarify whether changes of oesophageal temperature are adequately reflected by bladder and rectal temperatures and whether the rate of rewarming has an influence on the accuracy of the latter two sites. Methods: For temperature recording, a Hi-Lo Temp® esophageal stethoscope (Mallinckrodt Medical), a Foley FC400-18 catheter temperature sensor (Respiratory Support Products, Mallinckrodt Medical), and a rectal temperature probe N401 (YSI) were used. Each probe and matching recording unit was calibrated over a range of 30–40 °C against a reference quartz thermometer (Hewlett packard Model 2801 A) in a thermostated water bath before the investigation. Five measuring points distributed over the whole period of rewarming were evaluated. Patients were assigned to groups with slow and fast rewarming, respectively. Agreement between the methods of measurement was assessed as described by Bland and Altman. Furthermore, differences between the oesophageal and bladder or rectal temperature were checked at each measuring point for statistical significance using the t-test. Results: In regard to oesophageal temperature, the bladder and rectal temperatures had biases of –0.01 °C and –0.03 °C, respectively. Limits of agreement (±2 s) were ±0.68 °C and ±0.82 °C, respectively. The bias of the bladder temperature was independent of the rate of rewarming (Fig. 3). The bias of the rectal temperature, however, differed in regard to the rewarming rate, being +0.06 °C in the group with slow rewarming and –0.13 °C in the group with fast rewarming (Tables 1 and 2, Fig. 1 and 2). These differences were significant for the measuring points 4 and 5 (Fig. 4). Conclusions: Bladder and rectal temperatures can accurately indicate the oesophageal temperature with a very small bias in postoperatively sedated and ventilated patients. Since the rate of rewarming influences the accuracy of rectal temperature readings, monitoring of bladder temperature seems to be more favourable in the postoperative period.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer retrospektiven Untersuchung wurden bei 60 postoperativ nachbeatmeten Patienten während der Phase der Wiedererwärmung die Temperaturen in Ösophagus, Blase und Rektum miteinander verglichen. Ziel der Untersuchung war zu klären, wie gut Blasen- und Rektaltemperatur mit der Ösophagustemperatur übereinstimmten und ob die Wiedererwärmungsgeschwindigkeit einen Einfluß auf die Genauigkeit dieser beiden Meßorte hatte. Material und Methoden: Es wurden fünf Meßpunkte pro Patient berücksichtigt, die zu gleichen Teilen über die Wiedererwärmungsperiode verteilt wurden. Um den Einfluß der Wiedererwärmungsgeschwindigkeit zu erfassen, wurden die Patienten retrospektiv einer Gruppe mit schneller oder langsamer Wiedererwärmung zugeordnet. Ergebnisse: Die Blasentemperatur weist gegenüber der Ösophagustemperatur eine systematische Abweichung von –0,01 °C und eine Meßunsicherheit (±2 s) von ±0,68 °C auf und ist unabhängig von der Wiedererwärmungsgeschwindigkeit. Die Rektaltemperatur zeigt eine systematische Abweichung von –0,03 °C und eine Meßunsicherheit von ±0,82 °C. Die systematische Abweichung der Rektaltemperatur betrug bei langsamer Wiedererwärmung ±0,06 °C, bei schneller Wiedererwärmung hingegen –0,13 °C. Die Unterschiede waren für die Meßpunkte 4 und 5 statistisch signifikant. Schlußfolgerung: Aus diesem Grund scheint die Messung der Blasentemperatur in der postoperativen Phase vorteilhafter zu sein als die Messung der Rektaltemperatur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Pregnancy ; Diabetes mellitus ; Perinatal mortality ; Prenatal care ; Prematurity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to estimate the proportion of pregnancies with pregestational diabetes in Germany, to compare the outcome of these pregnancies to pregnancies in nondiabetic mothers and to identify risk factors for poor pregnancy outcomes in mothers with pregestational diabetes. Data of the “Perinatalerhebung Nordrhine” from 1988–1993 were analysed. The Perinatalerhebung is an ongoing quality assurance programme of prenatal and perinatal care in the region of North Rhine (South Western part of North Rhine-Westphalia). During the observation period a proportion of 93%–100% of the annual births in the region (n = ∼100000) were included in the study. Their data had been documented by the obstetricians in a standard multiple choice questionnaire. The outcome parameters perinatal mortality, macrosomia, prematurity, and malformations were analysed in relation to several defined explanatory variables. There were 2,402 births in mothers with pregestational diabetes (0.4% of all births). The proportions of poor pregnancy outcomes in women with pregestational diabetes were 2.8% for perinatal mortality, 27.6% for macrosomia, 21.1% for prematurity and 2.1% for malformations . The respective relative risks compared to the non diabetic mothers were 4.3 (95% CI 3.4–5.5) for perinatal mortality, 3.1 (95% CI 2.9–3.3) for macrosomia, 2.7 (95% CI 2.5–2.9) for prematurity and 1.7 (95% CI 1.3–2.3) for malformations . The main risk factor for perinatal mortality in children of diabetic mothers after adjustment for maternal smoking, ethnicity, parents' professional achievement, type of obstetric hospital, and maternal age was substandard use of prenatal care. Conclusions The prevalence of births from mothers with pregestational diabetes and their pregnancy outcomes were similar to those in other Western countries. The standard for non-diabetic mothers has not been reached yet. Further improvements may be achieved if all diabetic women are convinced to use the standard prenatal care facilities throughout pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 258-263 (Dec. 1997), p. 703-708 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 2466-2471 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetizing, demagnetizing, and remanent magnetization curves for [Co(12 Å)/Ag(60 Å)]×15 multilayered/granular films thermally treated have been measured. The changes of the giant magnetoresistance and the interaction effects have been explained as a result of the structural, morphological, and magnetic evolution of the samples as a function of the thermal treatment. It has been inferred that for samples annealed at temperatures lower than 360 °C, the changes of the giant magnetoresistance come from the misalignment of the magnetic moments of the Co particles formed during annealing. A strong correlation between the giant magnetoresistance and the magnetic interaction effects has been found for samples annealed at temperatures higher than 360 °C: the giant magnetoresistance is degraded as the demagnetizing interparticle interactions are increased. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 3047-3053 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of annealing on the structural, magnetic, and magnetotransport properties of melt-spun Co10Cu90 granular alloys were investigated. The interaction effects were studied from both remanent magnetization and magnetotransport data, using two different methods to reach the demagnetized state, ac and dc demagnetization. The analysis of the structural evolution and interaction strength between the magnetic clusters clearly shows the role of some structural parameters (particle size and density, interparticle distance) and the degree of magnetic correlation in the magnetic field response of the resistance in these inhomogeneous systems. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2940-2942 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Surfactant stabilized gold clusters have been deposited on graphite and studied with scanning tunneling microscopy in vacuum. Cluster layers with a superlattice constant of (approximate)31 Å were found, extending over several micrometers. The clusters form a hexagonal lattice which is ordered over distances of about 100 Å. At low sample biases (〈0.75 V) the clusters are not imaged, consistent with a Coulomb blockade effect. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: 07.03.2 Comet C/1995 O1:Hale–Bopp ; 13.18.4
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The concept of simultaneous multifrequency continuum observations, successfully tested on Comet Hyakutake, was applied to Comet Hale-Bopp, using the Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope (HHT) with the four color bolometer between 250 and 870 GHz, the IRAM 30m telescope at 240 Ghz, the MPIfR 100-m telescope at 32 GHz, and the IRAM interferometer near 90 and 240 GHz. Near-simultaneous measurements were done between February 15 and April 26, 1997, mainly concentrated in mid March shortly before perigee of the comet. The measurements gave the following preliminary results: Interferometer detection of the nuclear thermal emission. If the signal at the longest interferometer spacing of 170 mis due to thermal emission from the nucleus only, its equivalent diameter is ∼49 km. If, however, this signal contains a contribution from a strongly centrally peaked halo distribution(e.g., r−2 density variation) the diameter may be as low as 35 km. The emission found interferometrically was always 5″ north and 0.1 sec east from the position predicted by Yeoman's solution 55.The comparison of the interferometric continuum emission with the simultanously obtained molecular line observations (reported on this conference) shows the origin of the strongest line emission concentrated on the nucleus. The 30-m observations show a radio halo with a gaussian FWHP of ∼11, corresponding to a diameter of 11000 km at geocentric distance of 1.2 a.u. A spectral index of ∼3.0 for the total signal, which may indicate a smaller mean particle size than for Hyakutake. Assuming an average cometary density of 0.5 gcm−3, the mass contained in the nucleus is ∼1$#x2013;3 1019 g and 1012 g in the particle halo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 68 (1997), S. 425-428 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Malignant duodenal gastrinoma ; Duodenum-preserving excision ; Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ; Schlüsselwörter: Malignes duodenales Gastrinom ; duodenumerhaltende Excision ; Zollinger-Ellison-Syndrom.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Wir berichten über den Fall eines malignen Gastrinoms, das in der Pars descendens des Duodenums an der Rückfläche des Pankreaskopfes lokalisiert und ursächlich verantwortlich für das Vollbild eines Zollinger-Ellison-Syndroms (ZES) war. Die präoperativen bildgebenden Verfahren konnten keine Tumorlokalisation ermöglichen, Metastasierung lag ebensowenig wie eine multiple endokrine Neoplasie vom Typ I (MEN I) vor. Wegen der Lokalisation des Tumors an der Pankreasrückfläche war zur Gewinnung eines ausreichenden Sicherheitsabstandes eine limitierte Excision aus dem hinteren Pankreaskopf unter Duodenumerhaltung erforderlich. Die Rekonstruktion erfolgte unter Erhaltung der Papille durch direktes Aufnähen der Duodenalwand auf die Pankreasresektionsfläche ohne zusätzliche Abdeckung durch eine nach Roux-Y ausgeschaltete Darmschlinge. Diese Technik stellt eine mögliche wenig invasive chirurgische Alternative bei benignen wie malignen duodenalen Gastrinomen der Pankreaskopfregion dar.
    Notes: Summary. We report on a case of malignant gastrinoma located on the posterior surface of the descending duodenum, presenting with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The tumor was not evident on preoperative imaging studies, metastasis was not present and there was no coincidence with multiple endocrine neoplasia type-I. As the gastrinoma was located on the posterior surface of the pancreatic head, to obtain a sufficiant safety margin, partial excision of this region was necessary. Under preservation of the Oddi's sphincter, the reconstruction was completed by direct suturing of the duodenal wall to the pancreatic surface without need for enteral diversion procedures. This technique represents a possible non-invasive resection modality for benign and malignant duodenal gastrinomas located close to the pancreatic head region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 68 (1997), S. 902-905 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Carcinoma of esophagus ; Anterior spinal artery syndrome ; Transesophageal echocardiography. ; Schlüsselwörter: Oesophaguscarcinom ; Spinalis-anterior-Syndrom ; transoesophageale Echokardiographie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Wir berichten über den Fall eines Patienten mit Oesophaguscarcinom des mittleren Drittels im klinischem Stadium III, der nach kurativer thoracoabdomineller Oesophagusresektion eine Paraparese beider Beine mit Sensibilitätsausfall ab TH12/L1 und zusätzlich dissoziierter sensomotorischer Empfindungsstörung ab C6/C7 rechts sowie ab TH5 links entwickelte. Ursache war offenbar die Abschilferung eines Aortenwandplaques mit partieller Verlegung der A. radicularis magna (Adamkiewicz) bei bekannter fortgeschrittener Arteriosklerose. In der Literatur ist das Spinalis-anterior-Syndrom überwiegend nach Operationen der thorakalen Aorta beobachtet worden und nicht nach Eingriffen an der Speiseröhre. Über diese seltene, aber schwerwiegende Komplikation bedarf es vor Oesophaguseingriffen keiner zusätzlichen Aufklärung.
    Notes: Summary. We report a case of postoperative paraplegia resembling an anterior spinal artery syndrome after curative esophagectomy in a patient with carcinoma of esophagus and clinical stage III (UICC). Neurologic deficit was characterized by loss of sensibility at the level of T12/L1 together with paraparesis of both lower extremities. Furthermore, dissociated sensorimotor depletion at C6/C7 (rightsided) and at T5 (leftsided) was noted. This severe complication was most probably caused by peeling of an arteriosclerotic plaque of the thoracic aorta due to preexisting advanced arteriosclerosis, leading to a partial occlusion of the great radicular artery of Adamkiewicz. Even though anterior spinal artery syndrome is a well-known problem in the operative management of thoracic aortic aneurysms, this complication has not previously been reported after esophagectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 353-358 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Abies alba ; Organic nitrogen ; Somatic embryogenesis ; Somaclonal variation ; Trisomic karyotype
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Karyological studies were made on a 6-year-old embryogenic cell line of Abies alba. Embryogenic cells were obtained from a mature zygotic embryo cultivated on modified MCM-medium and subcultured every 3 weeks. Three years after induction, part of the cell line was transferred to media supplemented with 500 or 1000 mg l-1 caseine hydrolysate and 500 mg l-1 L-glutamine. Approximately 3 years after addition of the organic nitrogen to the medium, morphological changes such as malformation of the suspensor cells and a loss of maturation capacity occurred. Chromosome counts revealed that all cells cultivated on medium with organic nitrogen were trisomic. Fluorescent-banding methods and comparison with an euploid cell line showed that the additional chromosome belonged to the group of long, metacentric chromosomes of Abies alba without secondary constriction. Those cells cultured on medium not supplemented with caseine hydrolysate and L-glutamine retained a stable chromosome number of 2n=24. Both normal and deformed suspensor cells were observed. The maturation frequency was very low. The emergence of aneuploidy within one cell line could be the consequence of high selection pressure caused by the different culture conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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