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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methods to improve a periodontally involved terminal abutment of a cantilever fixed partial denture – a finite element stress analysis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 25 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1998.00234.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deep level defects in n-type GaN grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1211-1213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Deep-level transient spectroscopy has been used to characterize electronic defects in n-type GaN grown by reactive molecular-beam epitaxy. Five deep-level electronic defects were observed, with activation energies E1=0.234±0.006, E2=0.578±0.006, E3=0.657±0.031, E4=0.961±0.026, and E5=0.240±0.012 eV. Among these, the levels labeled E1, E2, and E3 are interpreted as corresponding to deep levels previously reported in n-GaN grown by both hydride vapor-phase epitaxy and metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Levels E4 and E5 do not correspond to any previously reported defect levels, and are characterized for the first time in our studies. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121016
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamical response in an array of quantum-dot cells (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 2684-2689 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The time-dependent behavior of quantum cellular automata (QCA), chains of quantum-dot cells, is examined. Each cell consists of four quantum dots on the four corners of a square and contains two electrons. Cells interact with nearby cells via Coulomb potentials. We study the time evolution of the polarization of the cells due to the switching of a driver cell for the particular cases of linear chains and L-shaped configurations. Two different approaches are discussed. In the first one dissipation is not considered. For this case numerical results demonstrate that adiabatic switching can be used to implement QCA only for chains of two cells. In the second approach we explicitly include energy dissipation processes in a phenomenological way and obtain the time evolution of the polarization of the cells due to the switching of the driver cell. Dissipation processes are found to give rise to satisfactory response characteristics. For the cases studied no metastable states are found. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368381
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Luminescence improvement of SrS:Ce thin films by rapid thermal annealing: Evidence of energy-transfer model for SrS:Ce electroluminescent devices (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 7958-7964 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: SrS:Ce thin films and electroluminescent (EL) devices have been deposited on Si substrate using the rf magnetron reactive sputtering method and subsequently submitted to various thermal treatments. The effects of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on the properties of SrS:Ce thin films and EL devices have been investigated and compared with results obtained using a conventional furnace. Subsequently, the higher temperature of RTA treatment not only remarkably improves the crystallization of SrS phosphor film in the (200) plane but also reduces oxygen interdiffusion problems and enhances both the interface states (Eit) as well as bulk trap (Ebt) densities. These effects all are important factors in yielding brighter electroluminescence. Furthermore, a physical band model based on energy-transfer concept is proposed to elucidate the electroluminescent mechanism of SrS:Ce EL devices. All evidence reveals that the efficient luminous center formed by the Ce atom associated with the Ebt bulk trap is the basis of this energy-transfer model in SrS:Ce EL devices. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367977
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy state of Nd3+ doped in barium sodium niobate crystals (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 2560-2562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nd-doped barium sodium niobate (Ba2Na)1−xNdxNb5O15 (BNN:Nd), with x=0.025 and a Curie temperature of 537±2 °C, crystallizes with a filled tungsten bronze-type structure in the tetragonal system. The lattice constants are a=b=1.2446(1) and c=0.3991(1) nm at room temperature. There are two formulas per unit cell. The five typical deep energy levels, formed by the Nd3+ ions doped in the A1 and A2 sites, are 2.36, 2.12, 1.68, 1.55, and 1.43 eV. Investigating the green and yellow second-harmonic generation shows that the BNN:Nd crystal can be expected as a useful material for the green, especially for the yellow laser radiation at room temperature. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367016
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrafast optical response of the Au–BaO thin film stimulated by femtosecond pulse laser (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 7855-7859 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The pump-probe method was applied to study the dependence of the transient optical transmissivity upon time delay for the Au–BaO composite thin film stimulated by a femtosecond pulsed laser. It was observed that the light absorption of the thin film increased rapidly and then resumed its initial value in several picoseconds. Optical relaxation is a process in which nonequilibrium electrons, excited by laser pulses and originating from Au ultrafine particles, return to the equilibrium state. In this article, the value of the electron-phonon coupling constant g of gold ultrafine particles in the composite thin film was calculated theoretically. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367960
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipid peroxidation in cord blood at birth: the effect of labour (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 105 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine the effect of labour on free oxygen radical activity in the fetus, as reflected by lipid peroxide levels in umbilical cord arterial blood.Design Prospective, observational study.Setting Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.Methods Umbilical cord arterial and venous blood samples were collected from singleton term infants delivered by elective caesarean section. Base excess, PO2, pCO2, and pH were measured in both samples and compared to identify double venous samples. Cord arterial acid-base balance and concentrations of organic hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde were compared with those obtained from normal vaginal deliveries.Results Cord arterial blood samples, obtained from cases of uncomplicated labour followed by spontaneous vaginal delivery, had significantly higher lipid peroxide concentrations than those delivered following elective caesarean section. This was most marked for malondialdehyde with a median value increased by 105%, whilst organic hydroperoxide was increased by only 27%. Of the acid-base parameters, base excess was increased by 78%, with only minimal changes in pH, PCO2, and PO2. These differences remained highly significant after including other pregnancy characteristics in multivariate analysis.Conclusion The findings indicate that high levels of free oxygen radical activity in the fetus are a function of the labour process, as are changes in acid-base balance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10204.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent photoconductivity and defect levels in n-type AlGaN/GaN heterostructures (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2745-2747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Persistent photoconductivity effects have been characterized in n-type Al0.15Ga0.85N/GaN heterostructures using both monochromatic light and room light illumination. Time constants of ∼1×104 s have been observed, and measurements of photocurrent specta performed using various illumination geometries and techniques have shown that defect levels exist in both the Al0.15Ga0.85N and GaN layers. Broad distributions of defect levels with excitation energies lower than the bandgap energies are found in both Al0.15Ga0.85N and GaN, and evidence is observed that these levels contribute significantly to the aforementioned persistent photoconductivity effects. The photocurrent spectra also reveal the presence of a level with an excitation energy of 3.36 eV that contributes to the persistent photoconductivity in the heterostructure. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121077
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of mivacurium pretreatment on intra-ocular pressure changes induced by suxamethonium (1998)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Forty patients without eye disease, undergoing elective nonophthalmic surgery, were studied in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study evaluating the efficacy of mivacurium pretreatment in attenuating the rise in intra-ocular pressure in response to suxamethonium administration, laryngoscopy and intubation. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either mivacurium 0.02 mg.kg−1 or normal saline as pretreatment 3 min before a rapid sequence induction technique using alfentanil, propofol and suxamethonium. Suxamethonium induced a significant increase in intra-ocular pressure in the control group but not in the mivacurium pretreatment group (mean (SEM) increase = 3.5 (1.2) mmHg vs. 0.4 (0.8) mmHg, p 〈 0.05). There was a decrease in intra-ocular pressure in both groups after laryngoscopy and intubation with no significant difference between the two groups. These results show that mivacurium pretreatment is effective in preventing the increase in intra-ocular pressure after suxamethonium administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00402.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of systemic tetracycline and amoxicillin on inflammatory root resorption of replanted dogs' teeth (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 14 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The use of systemic penicillin after an avulsion injury has been recommended as a way to decrease the occurrence of resorption complications. Our previous study has shown systemic tetracycline to possess anti-resorptive properties independent of potential anti-bacterial actions. The purpose of this study was to compare histologically the effectiveness of tetracycline and amoxicillin in limiting inflammatory root resorption (IR) secondary to pulpal infection, in replanted dogs' teeth. Thirty root canals in five dogs were infected with plaque. The roots were extracted, the lingual mid-roots were shaved with a fissure bur ensuring cemental damage and immediately replanted. Dogs were given either tetracycline hydro-chloride or amoxicillin, administered orally, on the day of extraction and replantation and for the following 6 days. The control group was teeth in these animals treated in the same manner but where no antibiotics were given. After approximately 6 months, the dogs were sacrificed and the teeth prepared for histologic evaluation. The shaved root surface was identified in cross-sections and eight equidistant points along the cut root surface were evaluated for healing (H) or IR in eight sections per tooth. For the tetracycline group, H averaged 67.22% and IR 32.!8%, which was not statistically different from the amoxicillin group with H averaging 56.88% and IR 43.12%. The tetracycline group was superior to the control group with H= 27.86% and IR=72.14%. Since tetracycline has been shown to have anti-resorptive properties in addition to the antibacterial properties demonstrated here, it could be considered as an alternative to amoxicillin after avulsion injuries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1998.tb00842.x
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