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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eotaxin in induced sputum of asthmatics: relationship with eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein in sputum (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Eosinophilic inflammation is a crucial aspect of allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma. An eosinophil-active chemokine, eotaxin, may play a role in the pathogenesis of the tissue eosinophilia accompanying asthma. Methods: Induced sputa were obtained from 53 patients with atopic asthma and six healthy subjects, and the concentration of eotaxin in the sputum was measured by ELISA. We investigated whether the sputum content of eotaxin is related to 1) asthma status or corticosteroid therapy, and 2) other sputum indices, including percentage of eosinophils and concentration of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). Results: The patients with stable or unstable asthma showed significantly higher concentrations of sputum eotaxin than the normal controls. The level of sputum eotaxin demonstrated a positive correlation with the percentage of eosinophils in stable asthmatics not receiving corticosteroid therapy, but not in stable patients treated with corticosteroids, or in unstable patients. Sputum eotaxin demonstrated a positive correlation with ECP in asthmatic patients who were either in a stable state or not receiving steroid therapy. Conclusions: The elevated level of eotaxin detected in association with increased eosinophils and ECP in the sputum of asthmatics suggests that eotaxin is involved in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The relationship of eotaxin to airway eosinophilia may be modified by the stability status of asthma and corticosteroid therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00474.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene cloning and overproduction of low-specificity d-threonine aldolase from Alcaligenes xylosoxidans and its application for production of a key intermediate for parkinsonism drug (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 44-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The dtaAX gene encoding a pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (pyridoxal-P)-dependent low-specificity d-threonine aldolase was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans IFO 12669. It contains an open reading frame consisting of 1,134 nucleotides corresponding to 377 amino acid residues. The predicted amino acid sequence displayed 54% identity with that of d-threonine aldolase from gram-positive bacteria Arthrobacter sp. DK-38, but showed no significant similarity with those of other known pyridoxal-P enzymes. This gram-negative bacterial enzyme was highly overproduced in recombinant Escherichia coli cells, and the specific activity of the enzyme in the cell extract was as high as 18 U/mg (purified enzyme 38.6 U/mg), which was 6,000 times higher than that from the wild-type Alcaligenes cell extract. The recombinant enzyme was thus feasibly purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE-Toyopearl chromatography steps. The recombinant low-specificity d-threonine aldolase was shown to be an efficient biocatalyst for resolution of l-β-3,4-methylenedioxyphenylserine, an intermediate for production of a therapeutic drug for Parkinson's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002539900301
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevated levels of eotaxin and interleukin-5 in blister fluid of bullous pemphigoid: correlation with tissue eosinophilia (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 143 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Bullous pemphigoid (BP) often provokes blood and tissue eosinophilia, which suggests that some chemoattractants modulate the eosinophil infiltration in BP. Eotaxin, a CC chemokine, strongly attracts eosinophils, and interleukin (IL)-5 induces eosinophil differentiation, proliferation and colony formation in vitro. Objectives To examine the correlation between levels of eotaxin and IL-5 and the number of lesional eosinophils, and the expression of eotaxin in BP lesions. Patients/methods In this study we measured eotaxin and IL-5 levels in blister fluid of BP by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also examined the expression of eotaxin in BP lesions by immunohistochemistry. Results Both eotaxin and IL-5 were detected at high levels in BP blister fluid. Blister fluid eotaxin, but not IL-5 levels, correlated significantly with the number of dermal infiltrating eosinophils. By immunohistochemistry, eotaxin was strongly expressed in epidermal keratinocytes around BP blisters. Conclusions These findings suggest that eotaxin and IL-5 are strongly associated with the tissue eosinophilia of BP. Therapies which aim to inhibit production of eotaxin and IL-5 may improve the inflammation and blister formation in BP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03599.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Prr1 response regulator is essential for transcription of ste11 + and for sexual development in fission yeast (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 264 (2000), S. 441-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Schizosaccharomyces pombe Phosphorelay Response regulator MAP kinase cascade Meiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Schizosaccharomyces pombe expresses a putative transcription factor, named Prr1, which is intriguing in the sense that it contains a bacterial type of phospho-accepting receiver domain, preceded by a mammalian heat shock factor (HSF2)-like DNA-binding domain. The receiver domain is most probably involved in an as yet unidentified histidine-to-aspartate (His-to-Asp) phosphorelay pathway in S. pombe. In this study, the structure, function, and cellular localization of Prr1 were assessed in the context of oxidative stress and His-to-Asp phosphorelay. As the most intriguing result of this study, we found that Prr1 is essential not only for the expression of genes induced by oxidative stress (e.g., ctt1 + and trr1 +), but also for the expression of ste11 +, which in turn is responsible for the expression of a variety of genes required for sexual development. Accordingly, Prr1-deficient cells are not only hypersensitive to oxidative stress, but also severely defective in conjugation and/or spore formation. These results suggested that the transcription factor Prr1 plays a pivotal role in an as yet unknown signal transduction pathway that is implicated in sexual differentiation. These findings are discussed with special reference to the well-characterized transcription factors Pap1 and Atf1 of S. pombe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380000305
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A (1→3,6)-β-d-galactosyl epitope containing uronic acids associated with bioactive pectins occurs in discrete cell wall domains in hypocotyl and root tissues of flax seedlings (2000)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 113 (2000), S. 61-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We have used a well-characterized antibody specific for an epitope consisting of (1→3,6)-β-d-galactosyl residues with terminal glucuronic or 4-O-methylglucuronic acids of a bioactive pectin and immunocytochemistry to investigate its secretion and wall distribution in the hypocotyl and root tissues of flax seedlings. Our results show that this antigenic epitope is associated with flax pectins and is expressed by all the cells of the hypocotyl and root tissues. In the hypocotyl, it is abundant in the primary wall of epidermal cells as well as in the secondary wall of fiber cells, and is relatively less abundant in parenchyma cell walls. In contrast, the epitope is not detected in the middle lamellae and cell junction regions. In the root tip cells, immunogold electron microscopy shows that the cell walls of peripheral, columella, meristematic, cortical, and epidermal cells contain significant amounts of this epitope and that the distribution patterns are distinct. Together, these findings show that the antigenic epitope occurs in discrete domains of the wall implying a strict spatial regulation of the epitope-containing molecules. The results also show that, in root cells, the epitope is present within Golgi cisternae and is predominantly assembled in the trans and the trans-Golgi network compartments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050008
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyaluronan in synovial fluid of patients with loose total hip prosthesis (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 120 (2000), S. 521-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The concentration and molecular weight of hyaluronan (HA) in the synovial fluid of the hip joint were determined in 13 patients (aged 62.8 ± 9.4 years) who had undergone prior total hip arthroplasty(THA), 23 patients (aged 65.0 ± 8.2 years) with osteoarthritis of the hip joint (OA), and 13 patients (aged 40.2 ± 2.7 years) with idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ION). A sample of synovial fluid was obtained during revision THA because of loosening of the total hip prosthesis for the THA group, and during the first replacement surgery or osteotomy for the OA and ION groups. The concentration of HA in the synovial fluid was 0.64 ± 0.42 mg/ml in the THA group, 1.07 ± 0.28 mg/ml in the OA group, and 1.30 ± 0.56 mg/ml in the ION group. The concentration of HA in the synovial fluid of the THA patients was significantly lower than that of the OA and ION patients (P = 0.0156 vs OA, P = 0.003 vs ION). The molecular weight of HA was 309 ± 88.3 × 104 Da in the THA group, 377 ± 201 × 104 Da in the OA group, and 240 ± 148 × 104 Da in the ION group; these values do not differ significantly (P = 0.259 vs OA, P = 0.174 vs ION). Among the THA patients, there was no relation between the concentration of HA and the age of the patient, length of time since the first operation, or type of prosthesis fixation; there was also no relation between the molecular weight of HA and each of these factors. These results suggest that a pseudo-synovial membrane is regenerated after THA, and that it produces HA of the same molecular weight as that in patients with OA and ION, although in smaller quantities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004029900131
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of keratan sulfate at the arthroplasty surface after cup arthroplasty (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 120 (2000), S. 473-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fibrous tissue which regenerated on the acetabular arthroplasty surface was obtained from a 52-year-old woman who underwent total hip replacement after cup arthroplasty. The histological features of this newly formed fibrous tissue and expression of keratan sulfate, which is a characteristic matrix component of articular cartilage, were studied. Microscopic observation revealed that the arthroplasty surface consisted mainly of fibrous tissue which did not show metachromasia with toluidine blue staining, but there were many nodular structures communicating with the bone marrow. Immunostaining for keratan sulfate revealed clear positive staining around the cells of the nodular structures communicating with the bone marrow, while only weakly positive staining was observed in the superficial layer of the loose fibrous tissue. The present study revealed marked formation of articular cartilaginous tissue in areas having good communication with the bone marrow, which indicates that maintenance of this communication may be necessary to improve the outcome of cup arthroplasty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004029900099
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of trocar placement and CO2 pneumoperitoneum on port site metastasis following laparoscopic tumor surgery (2000)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 14 (2000), S. 193-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Port site metastasis — Abdominal wound metastasis — Laparoscopic surgery — Pneumoperitoneum — VX2 cancer — Tumor surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The mechanisms involved in the development of port site metastasis following laparoscopic tumor surgery remain controversial. Therefore, we decided to investigate the influence of trocar placement and CO2 pneumoperitoneum on abdominal wound implantation in relation to intraperitoneal tumor growth in a rabbit model. Methods: Rabbits received either CO2 pneumoperitoneum with insertion of nine trocars (pneumoperitoneum group, n= 15), insertion of nine trocars alone (nonpneumoperitoneum group, n= 15), or nine abdominal incisions (control group, n= 13) 3 days after intraperitoneal inoculation of VX2 cancer cells. Results: The frequency of overall wound implantation on day 17 in the pneumoperitoneum group (24.4%) and nonpneumoperitoneum group (27.4%) tended to be higher than that in the control group (15.3%) (p= 0.06). There was no significant difference among the three groups in the growth of cancer nodules on the omentum. Conclusions: The presence of a trocar may be a factor contributing to port site metastasis but CO2 pneumoperitoneum appears not to be a factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900099
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide enhances liver metastases of cancer cells implanted into the portal vein in rabbits (2000)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 14 (2000), S. 239-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopic surgery — CO2 pneumoperitoneum — Liver metastasis — Gastrointestinal cancer — VX2 cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Little is known about the role of the CO2 pneumoperitoneum on tumor cells that spread from the portal system into the liver during laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal malignancies. Therefore, we designed a study to investigate the effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on cancer cells implanted in the portal vein in a rabbit model. Methods: Immediately after intraportal inoculation of 2.5 × 105 cells of VX2 cancer, the rabbits received either CO2 pneumoperitoneum at a pressure of 10 mmHg for 30 min (pneumoperitoneum group, n= 14) or laparotomy alone for 30 min (laparotomy group, n= 14). Results: The number (p 〈 0.01) and area of cancer nodules (p= 0.045) on the liver surface on day 17 were greater in the pneumoperitoneum group than in the laparotomy group. The frequency of cancer nodules 〉3.0 mm in diameter was higher in the pneumoperitoneum group than in the laparotomy group (p 〈 0.001). Conclusions: Compared with laparotomy, CO2 pneumoperitoneum enhanced the development of liver metastases in this experimental model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004640000047
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoelectric properties of oxides Ca2Co2O5 with Bi substitution (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 19 (2000), S. 1339-1341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006740829820
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