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  • 2000-2004  (17)
  • 1995-1999  (66)
  • 1975-1979  (5)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measurement of linewidths of Ne-like germanium soft x-ray laser in slab targets (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 3610-3616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We describe our measurements of linewidths of the two J=2-1 transitions (232.24 and 236.25 A(ring)) and the J=0-1 transition (196.20 A(ring)) of Ne-like germanium soft x-ray laser in slab targets. The high resolution spectral measurement was performed using a grazing incidence spectrometer with an x-ray CCD camera. Time integrated linewidths, the full width at half maximum, of the two J=2-1 lasing lines are about 20(±4) mA(ring) when the gain-length product (GL) is ∼8. The linewidth of the J=0-1 line is measured to be 25 mA(ring) as the GL is ∼5. The measured linewidths of the 236.25 A(ring) line are slightly narrower than those of 232.24 A(ring) in the same shot, reflecting their different intrinsic linewidths. For the J=2-1 transitions, the thermal Doppler broadening (43 mA(ring) inhomogeneous) has been obtained by one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of the plasma expansion, and the collisional broadening (15 mA(ring) homogeneous) has been considered with all inelastic electron collisional rates among the transition levels in the plasma. The predicted 52 mA(ring) Voigt profile intrinsic linewidth for the 236.25 A(ring) line has been used to calculate linewidth narrowing by the one-dimensional model of amplified spontaneous emission. The experimental data are in agreement with the model calculation in the short targets. Spectral narrowing is not evident in the long targets. We examined soft x-ray propagation in the plasma by ray-trace calculation. It is shown that refraction is an important factor affecting the spectral narrowing of soft x-ray lasers. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359937
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of a two-dimensional space-resolved high speed sampling camera : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 625-628 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We developed a two-dimensional spatial resolved high-speed UV sampling camera (HISAC) to study energy transport in laser-produced plasmas. The HISAC is composed of an optical bundle of fibers coupled to a streak camera to obtain a two-dimensional spatial resolution with a temporal resolution of less than a few 10 ps. This HISAC system was demonstrated in the experiments on inferred uniformity measurements of laser-ablation pressures as well as on energy transport in ultraintense laser-plasma interactions. Two-dimensional shock heating was temporally resolved in a hemispherical target, resulting in the distribution of the ablation pressure as a function of laser incidence angle. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149383
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Formation of uniform titanium dioxide films by sputtering of tapered targets in an electron cyclotron resonance plasma : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 896-898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A rectilinearly wide plasma has been formed by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR). The ECR magnetic field is generated in the long range using a pair of 300-mm length magnets with oppositely facing poles. Microwave of 2.45-GHz frequency is supplied through a quartz window from a slotted waveguide placed between the magnets. A preliminary experiment is conducted to acquire basic data for sputtering targets to fabricate wide, uniform thin films. It is established by simulation that sputtering directivity obeys the square-root cosine law. Two planar titanium targets are lined up in parallel with the slotted waveguide. They are so tapered as to point their edges at each other and soaked in the uniform plasma. Uniform films are formed within an area of 180×180 mm2 in a 200-mm width plasma by sputtering the tapered targets and varying the direction of substrate surface to the targets. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148591
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Study of laser-imploded core plasmas with an advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez x-ray microscope : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 824-827 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We developed an advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez (AKB) x-ray microscope which consisted of two hyperbolic mirrors and two elliptic mirrors. The spatial resolution of (approximately-less-than)3 μm was realized over ∼1 mm diam. This AKB microscope was used for x-ray imaging in laser fusion experiments. Laser absorption nonuniformity with a large wave number on a spherical solid target or a plane slab target was estimated by measurements of x-ray emission from the target surface with the microscope. The x-ray images of the imploded core plasmas were also obtained with the AKB microscope, changing the laser focus condition and the laser energy balance. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147699
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Improved design of cusp-type electron-cyclotron resonance ion sources (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 3873-3875 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: An ion source of electron-cyclotron resonance using cusp magnetic field is designed. The field is generated with two cylindrical magnets polarized parallel to the axis of symmetry. Lines of magnetic induction are in this configuration longer than in conventional cusp machines. The plasma electrons escaping from a line cusp are repelled by applying negative potential to an electrode repeller. The repeller of low work function emits additional electrons. A whistler wave is launched through a helical antenna at a point cusp to produce overdense plasmas. An intense ion beam is formed by extracting ions at the other point cusp where the magnetic flux is focused. The repeller materials are sputtered at the line cusp and ionized in the plasma. The atomic flux from the cylindrical surface is focused at the center of plasma to give abundant ions from the solid materials. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145452
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Two-dimensional toroidal electron analyzer for energy and angular dispersive measurements (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1970-1977 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A toroidal electrostatic analyzer with a two-dimensional position-sensitive electron detector has been developed for the measurement of differential excitation cross sections in electron-ion collisions. The electron position is resolved simultaneously in the energy and angular dispersive directions of the analyzer. The present electron analyzer is specially designed with a narrow curved entrance slit and a wide exit slit coupled with an exit lens system after the toroidal deflector, which can give a wide energy dispersed range of 20% of the mean pass energy and a large angular range extending from 30° to 120°. The performance of the spectrometer has been studied by measuring the scattered electrons from Ar atoms and from a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface, indicating the usefulness of the present analyzer in electron spectroscopy. A brief description of the method for a spectrum transformation from Cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates is also presented. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149696
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Enhanced production of multicharged boron ions by approaching a boride target to an ECR zone : Proceedings of the 6th international conference on ion sources (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1177-1179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Multicharged boron ions have been produced by a sputtering boride target in a 2.45-GHz electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) source. The target material is immersed in an ECR argon plasma along the geometrical axis of the mirror field, and dc bias voltages are applied. Extracted boron ion currents increase as the target approaches the ECR zone formed at the bottom of mirror trap although the argon charge state deteriorates. The increase of boron ion current is coincident with that of the solid angle subtended by the target at the ECR zone. Measurement of the boron flux shows that the increase of boron atoms sputtered into the ECR zone causes this enhanced production. Ratio of total boron to argon ion current and that of B2+ to B+ current are about 10% and 10%–20%, respectively. The B3+ current can be detected at low microwave power (∼150 W). The isotopes of boron are clearly separated in natural abundance ratio. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146724
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Temperature mapping of compressed fusion pellets obtained by monochromatic imaging : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 734-736 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We report the first use of toroidally bent crystals to record two-dimensional, spatially resolved, monochromatic images of laser-produced fusion plasma. The electron temperature was determined by seeding the deuterium fuel with argon and evaluating the intensity ratio of the two monochromatic images in the Ar+ 17Ly β and the Ar+ 16He β lines. Silicon and germanium crystals were chosen to achieve high diffraction reflectivities. Spatial resolution better than 10 μm was achieved by bending the crystals toroidally to minimize the geometrical aberrations [E. Förster, K. Gäbel, and I. Uschmann, Laser Particle Beams 9, 135 (1991)]. Comparison of the two line intensities requires a calibrated imaging system. Monochromatic images of fusion pellets driven with the GEKKO XII glass laser system are presented. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146273
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measurements of laser-hole boring into overdense plasmas using x-ray laser refractometry (invited) : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 543-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We developed a 19.6 nm laser x-ray laser grid-image refractometer (XRL-GIR) to diagnose laser-hole boring into overdense plasmas. The XRL-GIR was optimized to measure two-dimensional electron density perturbation on a scale of a few tens of μm in underdense plasmas. Electron density profiles of laser-produced plasmas were obtained for 1020–1022 cm−3 with the XRL-GIR and for 1019–1020 cm−3 from an ultraviolet interferometer, the profiles of which were compared with those from hydrodynamic simulation. By using this XRL-GIR, we directly observed laser channeling into overdense plasmas accompanied by a bow shock wave showing a Mach cone ascribed to supersonic propagation of the channel front. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149380
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Formation of rectilinearly wide plasmas by a slotted waveguide under electron cyclotron resonance : Proceedings of the 6th international conference on ion sources (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 997-999 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A plasma source was developed for ion implanters capable of irradiating large-area substrates. Microwave discharge is performed by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR). A rectilinearly wide flux of magnetic induction is formed with two long permanent magnets with oppositely facing poles. The ECR zone formed inside a vacuum chamber is elongated in the direction along the pole faces. A waveguide slotted along its E plane is inserted between the magnets. The long slot radiates microwaves into the vacuum chamber through dielectric materials. These materials play the role of waveguide. Plasmas are uniformly generated in the direction along the slotted waveguide when it is terminated with a short plunger. This mechanism is analyzed by calculating radiation patterns of the slotted waveguide. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146654
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