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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new approach to minimizing the number of animals used in acute toxicity testing and optimizing the information of test results (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 51 (1982), S. 197-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Acute toxicity ; LD50 method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 170 acute toxicity determinations, carried out in rats, mice, and guinea pigs after oral and parenteral administration during the past 5 years, using 5 ♂/5 ♀ animals per dose, were evaluated with respect to the possibility of a reduction of animals necessary for obtaining LD50 values with limits of confidence. Calculations were performed on existing data; no additional animal experiments were initiated for the purpose of this paper. For the majority of substances 3 ♂/3 ♀ animals per dose would have sufficed for the determination of a LD50 value with limits of confidence. Even when using 2 ♂/2 ♀ animals per dose, in most cases sufficently acceptable LD50 values can be determined, if the period of observation — conventionally 4 weeks — would be doubled. Using this procedure, 75% of the animals could be saved. The reduced number of animals and the labor saved thereby would allow for a more individualized observation of single animals thus optimizing the evaluation of acute toxicity testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348853
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanoscopic channel lattices with controlled anisotropic wetting (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 403 (2000), S. 173-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Engineered microscopic surface structures allow local control of physical surface properties such as adhesion, friction and wettability. These properties are related both to molecular interactions and the surface topology—for example, selective adsorption and molecular recognition ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35003149
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of cross-reactive bell pepper allergens involved in the latex-fruit syndrome (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Between 30% and 50% of individuals who are allergic to latex products are also allergic to specific plant foods, a fact that is well documented as the latex-fruit syndrome. Simultaneous sensitization to latex and bell pepper has been previously reported. Although bell pepper fruits are frequently consumed raw, cooked or as a spice, little is known about the cross-reactive allergens.Objective In this study we wished to identify bell pepper allergens involved in the latex-fruit syndrome.Methods Sera of four patients who displayed clinical symptoms to latex and bell pepper were used in immunoblot studies on protein extracts of three different cultivars of fresh bell pepper and fresh Hevea latex. Cross-reactive allergens were identified by inhibition experiments using recombinant Hev b 8 (latex profilin), and natural Hev b 2 (latex β-1,3-glucanase) in addition to the protein extracts. A novel cross-reactive IgE-reactive 30 kDa protein was subjected to sequence analysis.Results Three patients displayed IgE to profilins from bell pepper fruits and latex. Two patients possessed IgE to Hev b 2, a latex β-1,3-glucanase, and a homologous protein in bell pepper. One patient possessed IgE reactive with a protein of 30 kDa identified by N-terminal sequencing as an l-ascorbate peroxidase and another patient to a protein of 38 kDa. Additionally, IgE binding proteins in two higher molecular weight ranges showed cross-reactive capacities.Conclusion Our findings show on the molecular level that bell pepper is part of the latex-fruit syndrome. For the first time we have identified the major latex allergen Hev b 2, a β-1,3-glucanase, and the bell pepper l-ascorbate peroxidase as cross-reactive allergens. We were also able to show that profilins are responsible for some of the IgE cross-reactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02103.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous topographical and optical characterization of near-field optical aperture probes by way of imaging fluorescent nanospheres (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 1331-1333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We introduce a method for a simultaneous topographical and optical characterization of aperture probes for scanning near-field optical microscopy which is based on imaging of small sized fluorescent nanospheres (∼20 nm). The near-field optical fluorescence image of a nanosphere maps the intensity distribution of light at the end face of the probe whereas the simultaneously taken height image contains information about the aperture–sample distance. We used this method to control a mechanical modification of a near-field probe. By squeezing a probe repeatedly against a smooth glass substrate and thereby removing obstructing protrusions the aperture was brought as close as possible to the sample surface which resulted in a strongly improved optical resolution. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1454220
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Korngefügeanalytische Untersuchungen der Siderit-Lagerstätte Hüttenberg (Kärnten) (1980)
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 27 (1980), S. 233-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The extensive siderite mineralization of the Hüttenberg deposit is restricted to marble series of the “Saualm Crystalline”. The Ordovician to Devonian age of this metamorphic complex and its Variscan structure is well substantiated. Large-scale tectonic investigations show that the main directions of the B-axes of all types of rocks occurring within the deposit have the same directions. This is also confirmed by investigations of the grain texture: B- as well as S-tectonite orientation can be found. The macroscopically visibles is also attributed to this strong Variscan folding as (h0l)-plane. The axial directions which can be inferred from this orientation coincide exactly with the Variscan large-scale and small-scale folds. Influence of a pre-Variscan or Alpidic phase can also be observed. There is also a distinct orientation of growth fabric. No clear conclusions could be drawn, however, as to their origin. The detection of metasomatic processes neither gives any information as to the process of enrichment nor does it mean that the entire content of the deposit has been added by metasomatic exchange of matter. It is concluded that a mobilization of already existing iron has taken place during the Variscan orogenesis. Such depositional processes could be released to a minor extent only by the fracture tectonics of the Alpidic orogenesis. Thus, quantitative evidence is provided for the first time to show that this “metasomatic” deposit has, in fact, been derived from pre-metamorphic sedimentary iron concentrations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die mächtigen Sideritvererzungen der Lagerstätte Hüttenberg sind auf Marmorzüge des Saualmkristallins beschränkt, dessen ordovizisch-silurisch-devonisches Alter und dessen durch die variszische, synmetamorphe Orogenese geprägter Bau heute als weitgehend gesichert angesehen wird. Großtektonische Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die B-Achsenhauptrichtungen aller im Bereich der Lagerstätte auftretenden Gesteinstypen, einschließlich derer der vererzten Partien, gleichgerichtet sind. Das wird auch durch die Korngefügeuntersuchungen bestätigt: deutlich tritt sowohl eine B- wie auch S-Tektonitregelung hervor, wobei dieser starken Formung auch das makroskopisch sichtbares als (h0l)-Fläche zuordenbar ist und die aus der Tektonitregelung erschließbaren Achsen in ihrer Richtung mit den variszisch angelegten Groß- und Kleinfalten übereinstimmen. Eine die variszische Orogenese überdauernde Thermometamorphose hat die bestehenden Regelungen nicht verwischt, ein Einfluß einer vorvariszischen oder einer alpidischen Phase ist im Korngefüge nicht nachweisbar. Erhalten sind auch Wachstumsgefügeregelungen, die aber wegen ihrer Mehrdeutigkeit keine klaren Schlußfolgerungen über ihre Entstehung erlauben. Die Korngefügeuntersuchungen bestätigen auch, daß der Metasomatose bei der Ausbildung der Lagerstätte in ihrer heutigen Form eine wesentliche Rolle zukommt. Der Nachweis metasomatischer Prozesse sagt aber nichts über den eigentlichen Eisenanreicherungsvorgang aus und bedeutet keinesfalls, daß der Lagerstätteninhalt durch metasomatischen Stoffaustausch zugeführt wurde. Es wird vielmehr auf eine Mobilisation schon primär vorhandenen Eisens durch Druck- und Temperaturerhöhung während der variszischen Orogenese und der damit verbundenen Thermometamorphose geschlossen; die Bruchtektonik der alpidischen Gebirgsbildungsphase konnte solche lagerstättenbildende Prozesse nur mehr in geringem Maß auslösen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01159263
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patient reports of complications of bone marrow transplantation (2000)
    Springer
    Supportive care in cancer 8 (2000), S. 33-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7339
    Keywords: Key words Marrow transplantation ; Complications ; Oral mucositis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In recent years, significant improvements have been made in the management of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia and other potentially life-threatening complications of ablative chemotherapy. While these complications are of particular concern to physicians, patients receiving ablative therapy for bone marrow or blood stem cell transplants are often troubled by other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and mouth sores. The purpose of the study was to gain a better understanding of patients' experiences while undergoing a transplant. The same professional medical interviewer conducted in-depth interviews with 38 subjects (10 men, 28 women; mean age 46.9 years) who had received ablative therapy for bone marrow and/or peripheral blood stem cell transplants. Participants were consecutively identified through physician and patient referrals, cancer and BMT patient support groups, and newspaper advertisements. Twenty-eight patients (74%) received autologous stem cell transplants and 10 patients (26%) received allogeneic transplants. Participants reported mouth sores, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue as the most troubling side effects of their transplants. Mouth sores were selected as the single most debilitating side effect (42%), followed by nausea and vomiting (13%). Many patients mentioned that mouth sores made it difficult or impossible to eat (n=23), swallow (n=21), drink (n=17), and/or talk (n=8). Twenty patients reported pain in the mouth, throat, and/or esophagus. Two-thirds (66%) of patients reported receiving opioid analgesics, most frequently morphine, to relieve oral pain. For many, opioids caused incapacitating side effects, including hallucinations, a feeling of loss of control and a decrease in mental acuity. Patients receiving ablative chemotherapy identify oral mucositis as a significant cause of suffering and morbidity. Effective interventions to alleviate this complication are urgently needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005209900095
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for shape deformations of fragments in deep inelastic collisions (1980)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 294 (1980), S. 289-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The number and energy spectra of neutrons evaporated by the heavy and light fragments in deep inelastic collisions have been obtained for the system 240 MeV40Ar +197Au. They indicate that at the scission point the deformation energy is a large part of the total excitation energy espe cially for the light fragment. In the last two years, neutron emission has been studied in deep inelastic reactions1−6. All the results are similar: the incident energy which is lost during the process is transformed into excitation energy of the final fragments and is shared between the two products proportionnally to their masses. This means that the nuclear temperature was uniform in the composite system. The excitation energy equilibration time is really very short since equilibration is achieved after reaction times as small as 10−22 s2,6. Moreover, no preequilibrium emission (direct neutrons-) has been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01438169
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Search for localization of 'fast fission' in angular momentum (1982)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 309 (1982), S. 183-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mass distributions of fission-like fragments from the system 271 MeV40Ar+165Ho have been measured as a function of the angle. An expected dependence of the mass distribution width on angle due to the claimed contribution of “fast fission” could not be observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01414980
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaporation residue cross sections from the fusion of52Cr+110Pd (1980)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 298 (1980), S. 207-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Evaporation residue cross sections for the fusion of52Cr and110Pd were studied at four energies close to the barrier (up toE CM −E B =26 MeV). The cross sections were analysed using a multiple-chance fission/evaporation calculation. Agreement with the data is obtained with a fission barrier reduced by 40 to 20%, depending on incident energy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01418658
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light particle coincidences with gross structure in energy spectra from the40Ca+40Ca collision (1981)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 299 (1981), S. 73-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Angular correlations between light charged particles and heavy ion fragments from the40Ca+40Ca collision have been investigated. The high excitation energy structure previously observed in inclusive experiments is strongly populated in coincidence with protons for calcium and potassium fragments, with alphas for argon fragments. Particles emitted in coincidence with the structure are strongly focused and have a velocity close to the velocity of the beam, whereas the yield of evaporation decay is very small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01415744
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