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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is ICI 182,780 an antiprogestin in addition to being an antiestrogen? (2000)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 60 (2000), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: estrogens ; antiestrogens ; antiprogestins ; progestins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 has been shown to have antiprogestin activity in reporter gene constructs. Cell lines, naturally devoid of progesterone receptors (PR) were transfected with either the A or B forms of the human PR and a luciferase construct driven by a progesterone-response element (PRE). Because this system is an artificial one, our purpose was to determine whether these observations could be made in a human breast cancer cell line, naturally containing PR. We further evaluated the dose-response of ICI 182,780 and RU-486 (mifepristone) on PR and estrogen receptors (ER) in the presence of either progesterone, norgestrel or estradiol. These effects were measured using immunoassays for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein (hK2) and pS2. We found that ICI 182,780 blocked progesterone-stimulated PSA and hK2 production 100% at 10−5 M, which decreased significantly by 10−6 M. This inhibition did not occur when norgestrel was the progestin used. RU-486 showed 100% blockade for both progestins at all concentrations used. We concluded that the antiprogestin activity of ICI 182,780 exists for progesterone only. This weak antiprogestin activity may be unlikely to have significant clinical implications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006334132303
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    Mutant deoxynucleotide carrier DNC is associated with congenital microcephaly (2002)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-11
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
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    OPUS
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wet etching of GaAs using synchrotron radiation x rays (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 3033-3040 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The results of room-temperature wet etching of GaAs using synchrotron-radiation x rays are described. Under x-ray illumination, etching occurs on the n-GaAs surface in contact with an acid or base solution or even deionized water. The etching process is studied as functions of the electrolytes, their concentration, semiconductor doping level, and x-ray intensity and energy. The etching mechanism is determined to be primarily electrochemical in nature, but the x-ray radiation chemistry plays a role in the etching. Smoothly etched surfaces are achievable with a root-mean-square surface roughness of 0.7–2.0 nm. We also found that the etching rate increases substantially with the ratio of the sample size to the x-ray exposure size. This is accounted for by the rate-limiting effect on the charge transfer across the semiconductor-electrolyte junction. The chemistry of etched surfaces is studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and compared to that of as-received surfaces. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1345859
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comment on "Thermal nonequilibrium of the shock-compressed state of polymers realized by 1 GPa shock waves" [J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6592 (1998)] (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 2177-2178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In a recent article, Nagayama and Mori [J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6592 (1998)] arrived at several conclusions concerning the thermodynamic nature of shock loaded plexiglass in the low stress range. Their departure point is the kink in the shock velocity-particle velocity curve for this material from which they obtain kinks in the temperature versus shock stress and Gruneisen parameter versus compression curves. These results are in sharp contrast with our conclusions concerning these entities which were published in the early 80's. Our experimental work relied on measuring the temperature of the shock loaded plexiglass using very thin copper thermistors embedded in the specimens. This technique and our main results are reviewed here. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1305901
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of strain gauges in the measurement of the B1/B2 phase transformation in shock-loaded potassium chloride (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 2765-2768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The shock induced phase transformation in potassium chloride (from the NaCl B1 structure to the CsCl B2 structure) has been investigated using constantan strain gauges. These gauges have been mounted in pressed, polycrystalline samples in an orientation that renders them sensitive to the uniaxial strain that characterizes the plate impact geometry. At the phase transformation stress (of ∼2 GPa), measured strains of ∼ −0.1 were observed, slightly higher than the values quoted in the literature. We suggested that residual porosity within the microstructure is a possible explanation. Over impact stresses of 2.5–4.0 GPa, total measured strains agree with the work of others at the lower end of our measured range, but are significantly lower at higher stresses. We suggest that this might be due to the nonequilibrium state of the material at the time of measurement. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372253
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    041
Aged Rats Display Increased Ischemia-Reperfusion Skin Injury in the in vivo Magnet Model (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc.
    Wound repair and regeneration 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is commonly associated with numerous pathologies including pressure sores, venous stasis ulcers, and lower extremity diabetic ulcers. The purpose of this study is to further investigate the relationship between age and ischemia-reperfusion skin injury in a rat model utilizing magnets for the purpose of injury creation.
Methods: Magnets were designed for subcutaneous placement and calibrated such that a second magnet placed externally over them would cause compression that exceeds capillary perfusion pressure (ischemia). Removing the external magnet results in reperfusion of the skin. After placing subcutaneous magnets in aged and young Fisher 344 rats, repeated cycles of external magnet placement and removal were performed. 
Results: Visual analysis of the skin revealed statistically significant greater areas of injury in the aged rats relative to their younger counterparts (37.4 ± 13.3% vs. 24.1 ± 14.8%, P 〈 .02)
Conclusions: Aged rats demonstrate an increased degree of injury relative to their younger counterparts in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Future studies will attempt to delineate differences in the markers of IR injury (such as myeloperoxidase and vitamin E levels) in aged versus young rats, giving insight to the mechanisms responsible for the impaired wound healing seen in the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.0abstractan.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    045
Adenoviral HTERT Transfection Results in Altered Phospho-erk Activity in Human Dermal Fibroblasts (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc.
    Wound repair and regeneration 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction: Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at the ends of each chromosome. Due to the inability of DNA polymerase to replicate the full length of the chromosome, up to 50–200 base pairs of the telomere are lost during each successive round of cell division. In adult human somatic cells, telomerase is not active resulting in progressive loss of telomere length and entry into replicative senescence as observed in cell culture. hTERT is the catalytic subunit of telomerase, an enzyme which maintains telomere length. Transfection of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) by hTERT has been shown to reverse the senescent phenotype seen in aging HDFs in vitro. ERK (p44/42) is a MAP kinase which functions as a critical intermediary in the determination of cell growth and differentiation. Activation of ERK occurs through phosphorylation of threonine and tyrosine residues. 
Methods: In order to delineate some of the cellular mechanisms by which hTERT functions, we treated adenoviral hTERT (Ad-hTERT) transfected HDFs with TGFB1, and assayed phosphorylated ERK activity by Western blotting.
Results: Ad-hTERT treated HDFs demonstrated a 2–3 fold increase in phospho-ERK activity. In addition, our preliminary findings show that Ad-hTERT transfected HDFs have increased TGFB1, TGFB1-Receptor I and II, and COL1A1 gene expression by real-time rtPCR. 
Conclusions: Increased phosphor-ERK activity as well as increased TGFB1, TGFB1-Receptor I and II, and COL1A1 gene expression is seen in hTERT transfected HDF’s. Further studies will focus on defining other intermediary changes resulting from Ad-hTERT tranfection.Funding source: Geron Corporation
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.0abstractar.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of an Oral Fluid Immunoglobulin G ELISA for the Detection of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 7 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) evaluation of oral fluid immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to Helicobacter pylori is a unique approach for both epidemiological studies and the diagnosis of infection, especially in children. The use of oral fluid sampling to evaluate specific H. pylori IgG antibodies has advantages over serum, including reduced biohazard risk and noninvasive collection. Oral fluid sampling is fast and involves minimal patient discomfort. Since children facilitate transmission of H. pylori infection, a simple, accurate, noninvasive diagnostic test is necessary for large epidemiologic studies. The aim of our study was to evaluate a new oral fluid ELISA for detection of IgG antibodies to H. pylori in children.Materials and methods. We compared this new oral fluid ELISA with the HM-CAPTM serum ELISA and gastric biopsy histology using 779 oral fluid samples from children collected at 11 clinical sites across the United States. This cohort included 315 children symptomatic for abdominal pain and 464 asymptomatic. All samples were evaluated in a double blind manner. The oral fluid ELISA demonstrated a sensitivity of 76.2% and a specificity of 94.0% in children 2 months old to 201/2 years, as compared with the HM-CAPTM serologic assay. The assay’s sensitivity improved to 81.3% in children aged 5 or greater and the specificity remained at 94.0%. When compared with gastric biopsy histology in the same age group, the oral fluid ELISA demonstrated a sensitivity of 71.7% and a specificity of 90.4%.Results. This new oral fluid ELISA is moderately sensitive and offers a very specific method for detecting H. pylori infection in older children, but it is of little value in children under the age of 5 years.Conclusions. Overall, we conclude that this oral fluid ELISA does not appear to be a helpful clinical tool for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1083-4389.2002.00062.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automatic External Defibrillators for Prevention of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Death: (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Approaches to the prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) include strategies designed to attack the problem from the multiple perspectives of primary prevention of the underlying diseases, prophylactic treatment of high-risk individuals with identified diseases, and responses to cardiac arrest victims in the community. The latter strategy began with conventional fire department-based emergency rescue systems (emergency medical services [EMS]) that originated in the early 1970s. Although such systems were innovative and impressive at the time, they are limited by less-than-optimal response times that translate to low survival rates. Newer strategies, designed to respond faster, include a variety of methods, including ambulance- and police-based automatic external defibrillators (AEDs), deployment of AEDs in settings in which crowds accumulate and designated rescuers are available, and more general public access sites. The value of conventional EMS systems remains because of their ability to provide advanced life support as part of a dual-response system. These approaches, in conjunction with better primary and secondary prevention strategies, offer the hope of reducing the SCD burden. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. S108-S116, September 2003, Suppl.)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.14.s9.4.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sample size effect in photoelectrochemical etching of n-GaAs (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 1319-1321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A sample size effect on the etching rate in the photoelectrochemical etching of n-GaAs is demonstrated using synchrotron radiation x rays as the light source. It is shown that the etching rate increases significantly with the ratio of sample size to x-ray illuminated area. The rate-limiting effect on the charge transfer across the semiconductor–electrolyte junction is found to account for the phenomenon. It is also found that the etching rate relates to the nonilluminated area with a rather simple function. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1289908
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