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  • 2000-2004  (10)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of energetic electrons from atomic clusters irradiated by intense femtosecond laser pulses (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 3595-3599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Spectra of energetic electrons in the 100 keV range were measured from the interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with clusters of xenon or argon. The interaction of 28 fs pulses with cluster targets revealed quite different results with respect to applied laser intensity. At the laser intensity of 1×1016 W/cm2, the absorption by xenon clusters was about 25%; however, at the laser intensity of 1×1017 W/cm2, the laser energy absorption drastically increased to 78%, and the efficient coupling between the laser pulse and cluster target produced electrons with energy as high as 500 keV. The estimated hot electron temperatures ranged from about 30 to 90 keV depending on atoms and backing pressures. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1492804
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficacy of low-dose clarithromycin triple therapy and tinidazole-containing triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies are recommended as the first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To evaluate the efficacies of low-dose clarithromycin triple therapy and tinidazole-containing triple therapy in a metronidazole resistance prevalent area and to compare the efficacies with standard triple therapy.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:In a randomized, multicentre, prospective study, a total of 352 patients with duodenal ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia were randomly divided into three groups according to the administered regimen: OAC250 group (omeprazole, 20 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and clarithromycin, 250 mg), OAC500 group (omeprazole, 20 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and clarithromycin, 500 mg) and OTC group (omeprazole, 20 mg, tinidazole, 500 mg, and clarithromycin, 500 mg). The three groups received each regimen twice daily for 7 days. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed before and 4 weeks after treatment. H. pylori status was determined by rapid urease test and 13C urea breath test.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:The eradication rates in the OAC250, OAC500 and OTC groups were 76.2%, 65.7% and 64.8% (95% confidence interval: 67.9–84.4%, 56.7–74.8% and 55.7–73.9%), respectively, by intention-to-treat analysis (P=0.149) and 92.8%, 87.2% and 84.1% (95% confidence interval: 84.4–97.3%, 77.9–93.8% and 73.9–91.2%), respectively, by per protocol analysis (P=0.088). All regimens were well tolerated and compliance was excellent.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Both low-dose clarithromycin triple therapy and tinidazole-containing triple therapy are effective and safe regimens for H. pylori eradication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01130.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on duodenal ulcer scar in patients with no clinical history of duodenal ulcer (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Helicobacter pylori eradication has become the standard treatment for duodenal ulcer. However, there is no relevant evidence for antibacterial treatment of the white scar stage of duodenal ulcer (duodenal ulcer scar) in patients with no past history of duodenal ulcer.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To investigate whether H. pylori eradication could decrease duodenal ulcer recurrence in patients with duodenal ulcer scar and no past history of duodenal ulcer.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Patients and methods:We prospectively enrolled 66 patients with duodenal ulcer scar: 53 were H. pylori-positive and 13 were H. pylori-negative. H. pylori-positive patients were randomly assigned into two groups (two-to-one allocation): 36 patients were assigned to the treatment group and 17 to the follow-up group. Thirteen H. pylori-negative patients were followed up according to the study protocol. Follow-up endoscopy was performed to evaluate ulcer scar changes and H. pylori status 6 weeks after anti-H. pylori treatment and then every 6 months for up to 30 months.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Active duodenal ulcer recurrence was identified in seven of 23 H. pylori-positive/non-cured patients (30%). There was no duodenal ulcer recurrence in 43 H. pylori-negative/cured patients (0%), which was significantly different in terms of duodenal ulcer recurrence (P=0.001).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions: H. pylori eradication is effective at preventing active duodenal ulcer recurrence in patients with duodenal ulcer scar and no past history of duodenal ulcer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01174.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between alveolar epithelial proliferation and airway obstruction after ozone exposure (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a component of multiprotein complexes that are expressed during cell proliferation. Ozone induces cell necrosis and a consequent increase in cell proliferation. Methods:  To investigate the effects of acute ozone inhalation on cell proliferation and airway obstruction in BALB/C mice, we examined enhanced pause (Penh) as an index of airway obstruction and PCNA expression by immunohistochemical staining. Results:  Compared with controls that received filtered air, the ozone-exposed groups had increased PCNA expression in the alveolar epithelial cells. In rank order, the highest PCNA index was found following 2.0 p.p.m. ozone exposure. In the 2.0 p.p.m. ozone group, there was a PCNA index of 16.83 ± 0.57% (mean ± SEM; P 〈 0.01), compared with 4.25 ± 0.5% at 0.12 p.p.m., 6.83 ± 0.60 at 0.5 p.p.m and 12.16 ± 0.48% at 1 p.p.m. Following ozone exposure, Penh was increased in a dose-dependent manner. There was a significant correlation between the PCNA index in alveoli and Penh ( r  = 0.63, P 〈 0.01). Conclusions:  These data suggest that ozone can induce alveolar epithelial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and that alveolar epithelial cell proliferation is correlated with airway obstruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.23569.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of BCG revaccination on asthma (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a study conducted 1 year ago, we found that Th1 immune enhancement following Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination effectively suppressed human asthma. To investigate whether revaccination would further improve lung function, BCG vaccine was given again. Current lung function tended to improve in the Repeated BCG group (n = 9), but not in the Single BCG group (previously the placebo group) (n = 11), compared with that 1 year ago. The BCG vaccination improved lung function in both groups, and the Repeated BCG group showed a significant increase in the peripheral blood interferon γ/interleukin 4 ratio. These findings suggest that repeated BCG vaccinations might be effective in asthma therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.00246.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asthma in pulmonary tuberculosis (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056008788.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atopy may be related to exercise-induced bronchospasm in asthma (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Recent studies suggest that atopy may be associated with exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) in asthma. However, it is not clear whether atopy is related to EIB, regardless of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, because asthmatic subjects often show AHR to exercise and methacholine simultaneously.Objective To investigate whether atopy is related to EIB in asthmatic subjects, independently of AHR to methacholine.Methods Fifty-eight male asthmatic subjects were studied. Initial spirometry was performed. Skin prick test was carried out, using 53 common allergens including mites dust antigen. Atopy score was defined as a sum of mean weal diameters to all allergens tested. Methacholine bronchial provocation testing was performed. Twenty-four hours later, free running test was performed. Positive EIB was defined as a 15% reduction or more in FEV1 from baseline after exercise.Results All subjects had AHR to methacholine. The degree of AHR to methacholine in asthmatics with EIB was similar to that in asthmatics without EIB. However, atopy score and skin reaction to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus significantly increased in asthmatics with EIB compared with those without EIB (P 〈 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, the degree of EIB significantly correlated with atopy score in all subjects (r = 0.35, P 〈 0.01). This relationship was maintained even after the exclusion of EIB-negative asthmatic subjects.Conclusion Atopy defined as skin test reactivity may contribute to the development of EIB in asthma, independently of AHR to methacholine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0954-7894.2002.01353.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between changes in interferon-γ production by peripheral blood T cells and changes in peak expiratory flow rate in patients with chronic stable asthma (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Cytokines production by T helper lymphocytes (Th cells), which orchestrate the interplay of the different cells involved in airway inflammation of asthma, may be reflected in peripheral blood. Some studies have suggested that the Th cell cytokines by peripheral blood T cells correlate with asthma severity.Objective To investigate the relationship between changes in IFN-γ production by peripheral blood T cells and changes in lung function in chronic stable asthmatics.Methods Sixteen patients with chronic stable moderate asthma aged 35–65 years (nine women) were recruited. Morning and evening peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) monitoring and blood sampling for peripheral blood T cell culture, total IgE and blood eosinophils were performed at baseline and week 12. Levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-5 in culture supernatants of peripheral blood T cell were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.Results Patients with increased IFN-γ changes from baseline showed significantly increased changes in morning (P = 0.02) and evening (P 〈 0.05) PEFR compared with those with decreased IFN-γ changes. The changes in IFN-γ production and IFN-γ: IL-4 ratio significantly correlated with the changes in morning PEFR (Rs = 0.59, P 〈 0.02; Rs = 0.63, P 〈 0.01, respectively) and tended to correlate with the changes in evening PEFR (Rs = 0.45, P = 0.08; Rs = 0.5, P = 0.05, respectively). The changes in IL-4 and IL-5 did not correlate with the changes in IgE and blood eosinophils, respectively.Conclusions These findings suggest that IFN-γ may be associated with the alteration of lung function in asthmatics and play a role in the pathophysiology of chronic stable asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01561.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nasal and skin histamine responses in allergic rhinitis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.23836_4.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CELLULAR STRUCTURE OF PEANUT-BASED EXTRUDED SNACK PRODUCTS USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of texture studies 35 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4603
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mixture of partially defatted peanut flour (12% fat) and rice flour was extruded to produce indirectly, puffed extrudates using a corotating twin-screw extruder. Extrudates were dried to obtain half-products of 11-12% moisture content, and the half-products were expanded by deep-fat frying. The effects of three levels of peanut flour (30, 40, and 50%), screw speed (200, 300, and 400 rpm) and feed rate (4, 5, and 6 kg/h) were studied by characterizing the cellular structure of expanded snack products using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Average cell size (mm2) and the number of cells per unit area (cm2) were determined from the interior cross-section area of snack products. Those parameters were influenced mainly by the level of peanut flour followed by screw speed and feed rate. Increasing peanut flour from 40 to 50% produced less puffed final products resulting in small cell size compared to snacks of 30 - 40% peanut flour. The maximum cell size was produced in the snack products extruded with peanut flour of 30 - 40% at screw speed of 250 - 330 rpm and feed rate of 4.7 - 5.7 kg/h. While the number of cells was relatively similar regardless of screw speed and feed rate, increasing peanut flour increased the number of cells. The cell walls became thicker with increasing feed rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4603.2004.tb00600.x
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