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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interrelationship between fabric crease recovery and pressing performance (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 13 (2001), S. 368-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Creases are marks that are created and left in a fabric during garment wear. Pressing is a process to flatten garment panels and sharpen garment edges and pleats. To minimize crease, the fabric should recover after pressing without creating a creased edge. Whereas, good pressing performance means the creased edge stays sharp after pressing. Good crease recovery and pressing performance appear contradictory. However, crease recovery and pressing performance are different as creases are formed during wear and pressing is carried out using pressing equipment such as iron, pressing machines, etc. The condition, i.e. temperature and humidity, under which the creases are formed in wear and pressing are very different. The latter has much higher temperature, pressure and humidity. This paper reports on an experimental investigation on the relationship between the crease recovery and pressing performance of wool and other fabrics. It was found that there are only generally weak to moderate relationships between the crease recovery as measured by the Shirley Crease Recovery Tester and the pressing performance as measured by the Siro-Press Tester. The characteristics of wool fabrics, which have both good crease recovery and pressing performance, are identified. This study is a step towards fabric engineering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220110405127
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of clothing pressure on the tightness sensation of girdles (2002)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 14 (2002), S. 100-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Girdles should be designed to beautify the lower body part of a woman without creating any discomfort and detrimental physiological effects. This paper reports on an experimental investigation into the relationship between the subjective tightness sensation and the clothing pressure of girdles. The subjective tightness sensation is a measure of the effectiveness of girdles, since too loose means the girdle is not effective in shaping the body and too tight means it is not comfortable and may have detrimental physiological effects. Based on this experimental investigation, the effect of clothing pressure on the tightness sensation is better understood and the optimum pressure distribution of girdles, which is an important criterion for product development and evaluation of girdles, is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220210424215
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pump–probe investigation of laser-droplet plasma dynamics (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 4100-4102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temporal character of the plasma formed by the irradiation of micron-sized argon and krypton droplets with intense 100-ps laser pulses is investigated using a pump–probe scheme. The evolution of the droplet plasma is assessed by monitoring delay-dependent x-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission, and by imaging frequency-doubled probe light scattered from the interaction region. Depending on the spectral region of interest, the type of emission, and the droplet characteristics, the effective plasma lifetime can extend from a few hundred picoseconds to as long as several nanoseconds. Knowledge of the droplet plasma lifetime is important in optimizing the efficiency of this laser plasma as an EUV or x-ray source. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1426266
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An efficient gene transduction system for studying gene function in primary human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 28 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary One of the critical challenges for cellular genetic studies in primary human skin cells is lack of a gene delivery system that provides efficient transduction and sustained expression of the transgenes. Due to the limited time of survival in culture, the processes of drug selection and clonal expansion for establishing gene stably expressing cell lines are not a realistic option for primary skin cells. We have examined various gene transduction techniques in primary dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes of human skin. We report here that vectors based on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, lentivirus) offer more than 90% gene transduction efficiency and sustained expression of transgenes in both human skin cell types. In contrast, most of the commonly used techniques have at best 30% transduction efficiency in these cells. Using two previously reported migration control genes, protein kinase Cδ and p38α-MAPK, as examples, we provide evidence that the unprecedented efficiency of the lentiviral system enables a clear detection of the genes' dominant negative effects, which are otherwise greatly compromised by ordinary transfection techniques. We believe that a wide application of this gene transduction system will greatly benefit studies of gene function in human skin cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01191.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pigeon allergens in indoor environments: a preliminary study (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Few studies have measured pigeon allergens in non pigeon coop environments. This study was conducted to determine approximate pigeon dropping allergen concentrations in indoor environments.Methods:  Polyclonal antibody serum was prepared by injecting a rabbit three times with crude wild pigeon dropping extract in 50 mM Tris buffer with Freund's adjuvant. One hundred and fifteen dust samples were collected in a pigeon-infested school, pigeon coops, homes and hospitals and analyzed by a direct competitive pigeon enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:  The highest level of pigeon allergen inhibitory activity were recorded in four samples from pigeon coop bedding samples with a median activity of 11.2% relative to pigeon droppings. The second highest level of pigeon allergens was in a pigeon-infested high school with a median or 7.4% activity relative to pigeon droppings. At an entrance underneath pigeon roosts, one sample had a relative inhibitory activity of 62.3%. Pigeon allergen inhibitory levels were generally low in the home and hospital samples, but nevertheless 46 out of 89 of these samples were still above detection limit.Conclusions:  This study suggests that large concentrations of pigeon allergens can be found in buildings without domestic pigeons such as the pigeon-infested high school.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.03405.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High cycle fatigue mechanisms in a cast AM60B magnesium alloy (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: We examine micromechanisms of fatigue crack initiation and growth in a cast AM60B magnesium alloy by relating dendrite cell size and porosity under different strain amplitudes in high cycle fatigue conditions. Fatigue cracks formed at casting pores within the specimen and near the surface, depending on the relative pore sizes. When the pore that initiated the fatigue crack decreased from approximately 110 µm to 80 µm, the fatigue life increased two times. After initiation, the fatigue cracks grew through two distinct stages before final overload specimen failure. At low maximum crack tip driving forces (Kmax 〈 2.3 MPa√m), the fatigue crack propagated preferentially through the α-Mg dendrite cells. At high maximum crack tip driving forces (Kmax 〉 2.3 MPa√m), the fatigue crack propagated primarily through the β-Al12Mg17 particle laden interdendritic regions. Based on these observations, any proposed mechanism-based fatigue model for cast Mg alloys must incorporate the change in growth mechanisms for different applied maximum stress intensity factors, in addition to the effect of pore size on the propensity to form a fatigue crack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2002.00594.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ascorbic acid in idiopathic recurrent calcium urolithiasis in humans – does it have an abettor role in oxalate, and calcium oxalate crystallization? (2000)
    Springer
    Urological research 28 (2000), S. 167-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Ascorbic acid ; Load studies ; Plasma and urinary oxalate ; Urinary oxalate/glycolate ; Calcium oxalate crystallization ; ASC stability in urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of ascorbic acid (ASC) in the pathophysiology of renal calcium stones is not clear. We evaluated ASC in blood and urine of fasting male patients with idiopathic calcium urolithiasis (ICU) and healthy volunteers. Using smaller subgroups, we also evaluated their response to exogenous ASC [either intravenous or oral ASC (5 mg/kg bodyweight)] administered together with an oxalate-free test meal. The influence of ASC on calcium oxalate crystallization, the morphology of crystals at urinary pH 5, 6 and 7, and the effect of increasing duration of urine incubation on urinary oxalate at these pHs, without and with addition of ASC, were studied too. In normo- and hypercalciuric ICU, blood and urinary ASC from fasting patients remained unchanged, but the slope of the regression line of urinary ASC versus urinary oxalate was steeper than in the controls; the plasma ASC half-life did not differ between controls, normo- and hypercalciuric ICU; the ASC-supplemented meal caused an increase in the integrated plasma oxalate in the normocalciuric subgroup versus controls. In normo- and hypercalciuric ICU urinary oxalate, the oxalate/glycolate ratio, and calcium oxalate supersaturation were increased, but urinary glycolate was unchanged. In the controls, oral ASC did not affect calcium oxalate crystallization, while in ICU, ASC inhibited crystal growth. In control urine calcium oxalate dihydrate and calcium oxalate monohydrate develops, while in ICU urine only the former crystal type develops. In vitro oxalate neoformation from ASC did not occur. It was concluded that (1) under normal conditions an abettor role of ASC for renal stones is not recognizable, (2) in ICU, urinary oxalate excess unrelated to degradation of exogenous ASC is exhibited, and that this is most likely unrelated to an initial increase in oxalate biosynthesis, and (3) ASC appears to modulate directly calcium oxalate crystallization in ICU, although the true mode of action is still not known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002400000101
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