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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antihypertensive Activities of Peptides Derived from Porcine Skeletal Muscle Myosin in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Antihypertensive activities derived from porcine skeletal muscle proteins were investigated. Thermolysin hydrolysates of porcine muscle water-insoluble proteins demonstrated antihypertensive activities in spontaneously hypertensive rats when administrated in single oral doses. Hydrolysates of porcine myosin and peptides (Met-Asn-Pro-Pro-Lys, Ile-Thr-Thr-Asn-Pro, Met-Asn-Pro, Pro-Pro-Lys) with parts of the sequence of myosin showed antihypertensive activities. This is the first report of antihypertensive activities of peptides derived from muscle proteins of domestic animals. The hydrolysates of porcine muscle protein and their corresponding bioactive peptides might be utilized for physiologically functional foods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb11424.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-density plasma production with potential confinement in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror : The 42nd annual meeting of the division of plasma physics of the American Physical Society and the 10th international congress on plasma physics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 2066-2070 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The improvement of potential confinement was attained in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror [Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 939 (1985); Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Washington, 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. 2, p. 539] by axisymmetrization of heating systems for the plasma production, heating, and potential formation. A significant increase of the density and diamagnetism by the potential confinement was observed. In the previous experiment, it was difficult to increase the central cell density higher than 2.7×1018 m−3. One of the possible mechanisms is the density clamping due to the eigenmode formation of the ion–cyclotron-range of frequency (ICRF) waves in the axial direction. With high harmonic ICRF waves (RF3), the experiments to overcome this problem have been performed. In preliminary experiments with RF3 and NBI the maximum density of 4×1018 m−3 was attained. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1350962
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association between nasal respiratory obstruction and vertical mandibular position (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  Vertical mandibular position is considered to have an effect on the patency of the upper airway, because mouth opening is associated with a backward and downward displacement of the mandible and tongue. This study was conducted to investigate the nature of mandibular displacement at rest and to determine whether or not different respiration modes and body postures influence the mandibular position. The mandibular position was measured by use of a newly developed system with magnets and magnetic sensors placed on the upper and lower first molars, respectively. Vertical mandibular position was significantly affected by the degree of nasal airway obstruction. The proportion of the duration of mouth opening from 0 to 2.5 mm was about 80% in the sitting and lateral recumbent positions and 55% in the supine position. The amount and duration of vertical mandibular displacement were thus significantly increased by experimentally induced nasal respiratory obstruction. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the amount and duration of mouth opening were significantly greater in the supine posture than in the sitting and lateral recumbent positions. It is thus shown that nasal respiratory disturbance may be a key determinant for mouth opening and breathing and the resultant vertical mandibular displacement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01378.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of activator on masticatory muscle activity during daytime and sleep (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 30 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  The purpose of this study was to investigate masticatory muscle activity with and without the use of an activator during daytime and sleep, and further to focus on the changes in muscle activity produced by the daytime use. The subjects in this study were 10 healthy males (mean age: 27·6 years). A portable electromyogram (EMG) recording device was used to record the activity from the right temporal, masseter and digastric muscles. After recording, the integrated EMG values (µV s) were measured. The muscle activity was lower during sleep than during daytime, irrespective of the use of the activator. In sleep-time, temporal and digastric muscle activity was significantly decreased, although masseter muscle activity presented no significant differences. With the activator in use, the digastric muscle activity tended to increase in comparison with the elevator muscles during daytime and sleep. Although the activity of both elevator muscles was diminished by use of the activator during sleep in all subjects, some subjects showed an increase during daytime. These results suggested that the activator should be used, if possible, not only during sleep, but also during daytime and clenched on consciously to obtain the adaptation and development of the masticatory muscles for the ‘re-training of the muscles’ at a new favourable mandibular position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2003.01167.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A diagnostic method for both plasma ion and electron temperatures under simultaneous incidence of charge-exchange particles and x rays into a semiconductor detector array (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 146-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An idea for using semiconductor detectors to simultaneously observe both plasma ion Ti and electron Te temperatures is proposed. The idea is also experimentally verified in tandem-mirror plasma shots. This method is developed on the basis of an alternative "positive" use of a semiconductor "dead layer" as an energy-analysis filter. Filtering dependence of charge-exchange neutral particles from plasmas on the thickness of a thin (on the order of nm thick) SiO2 layer is employed for analyzing Ti in the range from hundreds to thousands of eV. Even under the conditions of simultaneous incidence of such particles and x rays into semiconductor detectors, the different dependence on their penetration lengths and deposition depths in semiconductor materials makes it possible to distinguish particles (for Ti) from x rays (for Te). In this letter, proof-of-principle plasma experiments for the proposed idea are carried out to verify the availability of this concept of distinguishing and identifying each value of Ti and Te by the use of various thin filtering materials prior to the use of thinner dead layers. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125684
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predation risk and the opportunity for female mate choice in a coral reef fish (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of ethology 18 (2000), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-5444
    Keywords: Key words Female mate choice ; Predation risk ; Mating system ; Female mate-change behavior ; Halichoeres melanurus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of predation risk on the opportunity for female mate choice was investigated in the tailspot wrasse Halichoeres melanurus at two sites on a coral reef in Okinawa, Japan. Females mated repeatedly with the nearest males, but they also changed mates frequently at both sites. Mate changes were seen not only in the context of spatiosocial changes (mate disappearance or shifts in male territories) but were also probably the result of actual mate choice by females. Females at one site (site A) changed mates more often and conducted longer spawning trips from their home ranges to male territories than at the other site (site B). Fish at site A were faced with a higher frequency of predators than that of site B. However, fish of site A suffered fewer attacks from predators because they had more shelter, suggesting lower predation risk in that site. These results suggest that females under higher predation risk had less opportunity to choose preferable mates and that they had to mate with the same, nearest males in most cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101640070009
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantification of bone volume on radiographs using NIH Image (2000)
    Springer
    Modern rheumatology 10 (2000), S. 220-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-7609
    Keywords: Key words Radiograph ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Bone volume ; NIH Image ; Computer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We attempted to quantify periarticular bone atrophy from radiographs of the proximal phalanx in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by means of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Image computer program. The degree of brightness or darkness in four squares, each 20 × 20 pixels, in the right third proximal phalanx was measured using NIH Image, and the mean value of the 400 pixels was defined as the brightness/darkness index (BDI). The BDI was used to express bone volume. The BDI value was set at zero for an area of complete darkness and at 255 for an area of maximum brightness. The mean coefficient of variation in our hospital was 2.28%. The BDI was measured in 54 RA patients and 146 normal volunteers. The mean BDI at the midpoint of the diaphysis was 100 in RA patients and 176 in normal volunteers, while at the medial side of the proximal end it was 75 and 145, respectively. The difference between normal volunteers and RA patients was greatest in younger people. In some young RA patients, the BDI was significantly low at the medial side of the proximal end, clearly demonstrating periarticular bone atrophy. Periarticular bone atrophy can be quantified using the NIH Image computer program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101650070006
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Male morphological characteristics and mating success in a protogynous coral reef fish, Halichoeres melanurus (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of ethology 18 (2000), S. 17-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-5444
    Keywords: Key words Sexual selection ; Mate choice ; Mating territory ; Spawning ; Halichoeres ; Labrids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Morphological sexual differences and their effects on male mating success were investigated in the tailspot wrasse, Halichoeres melanurus, on a subtropical coral reef of Okinawa, southern Japan. Male mating territories were established along the reef edge from late April to early October, during which time pair-spawning occurred just before sunset in the male territories. Territorial males were larger and brighter than females in this protogynous fish. The males had longer, colorful ventral fins and colorful caudal fins, both of which were used during courtship. Multiple regression analysis of the effects of male characteristics on male mating success revealed that the yellow spot at the pectoral fin base was the most effective. It is suggested that large body size is favored in male–male competition for establishing mating territories and that conspicuous body color is favored in female mate choice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101640070019
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semilunar spawning cycle of the humbug damselfish Dascyllus aruanus (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of ethology 18 (2000), S. 105-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-5444
    Keywords: Key words Spawning cycle ; Semilunar ; Damselfish ; Dascyllus aruanus ; Paternal care ; Synchronized spawning ; Subtropical Japan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A very distinct semilunar spawning cycle was found in a population of the damselfish Dascyllus aruanus on the coral reefs of Sesoko Island, Okinawa. Spawning occurred from June to September, only in the early morning, during a period of 2–4 days immediately before or around the time of the new and full moon. Males cared for the eggs deposited on the substrate for 2.5 days until hatching. Hatching occurred just after sunset, i.e., at the high tide of spring tide; the strong ebb current then would rapidly disperse the newly hatched larvae offshore. Females tended to synchronize spawning in a male's nest, also because multiple clutches in a nest would be more likely to survive until hatching. Thus, the distinct semilunar spawning cycle may favor females in reducing mortality of both eggs and larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101640070008
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of Lactobacillus casei phage PL-1 lysis genes (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 145 (2000), S. 1521-1534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The genes encoding the host cell wall-lytic proteins were searched in the genome DNA of phage PL-1 active against Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27092 by comparing the amino acid sequences with those of others using a computer software of the DDBJ data base. The gene regions found were cloned into E. coli by inserting PCR-amplified DNA fragments into the EcoRI site of pUC19, and the nucleotide sequences were determined. One of the ORFs (hol) consisted of 270 bp encoding 90 amino acids. The hol product (holin) possessed a putative secretion signal, two putative transmembrane helices, and a highly charged C-terminus. Another ORF (lys) consisted of 1050 bp encoding an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase of 350 amino acids. The gene lys was expressed in E. coli using pCALn expression vector, and the purified gene product hydrolysed the amide linkage in the peptidoglycans of L. casei. The amino acid sequence of PL-1 amidase showed a high homology to those of Lactococcus lactis phage rlt and Listeria monocytogenes phage A511. It was suggested that the N-terminal region was involved in enzyme activity and the C-terminal region in binding the enzyme to the cell wall substrate, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050070073
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