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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of xyn3 gene expression in Trichoderma reesei PC-3–7 (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 370-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The characteristics of regulation of the gene encoding the third xylanase (Xyn III) of a filamentous fungus, Trichoderma reesei PC-3–7, were studied by Northern blot analysis. A partial DNA sequence (185 bp) of the xyn3 gene was obtained by PCR amplification of genomic DNA of T. reesei PC-3–7 and sequenced. This xyn3 gene fragment was used as a probe for Southern and Northern blot analysis. The expression of the xyn3 gene was regulated at the transcriptional level. The xyn3 mRNA was expressed in mycelia of T. reesei PC-3–7 induced by Avicel, l-sorbose and sophorose, but not by xylose, xylooligosaccharides and birchwood xylan. Furthermore, it was observed that xyn3 was synchronously expressed with egl1 but not with xyn1 and xyn2 by l-sorbose, indicating that the xyn3 gene may be coordinately expressed with cellulase genes. By Southern blot analysis, the xyn3 gene was confirmed to exist as a single copy in both strains of T. reesei PC-3–7 and QM9414. However, no xyn3 mRNA appeared in the mycelia induced by any kind of inducers in T. reesei QM9414 even when total RNA was used in large excess, suggesting that the xyn3 gene in T. reesei QM9414 is in the dormant state and cannot be expressed. Therefore, T. reesei PC-3–7 may be a very useful strain for elucidating the induction mechanism of xylanase biosynthesis by cellulosic and xylanosic substrates, and also the regulatory correlation between cellulase and xylanase induction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000410
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple system of thermal control and frequency stabilization of solitary diode lasers (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 3648-3652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A temperature controller using the photodiode of a free-running laser as a heater element is described. Its use can improve substantially the stabilization on a spectroscopic line and avoids the need of sink temperature controller at the millidegrees kelvin level. The long term stability of the system has been tested in performing a detailed study of the splitting of the dark lines in rubidium vapors. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1310351
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of domain stability on (Pb0.76Ca0.24)TiO3 thin films using piezoresponse microscopy (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 715-717 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We introduce a method to investigate the domain stability issue based on piezoresponse microscopy. The switching and back-switching processes of sol–gel derived (Pb0.76Ca0.24)TiO3 thin films were investigated by comparing the local piezoelectric hysteresis loops in continuous mode and pulse mode. It was found that the local hysteresis loops acquired by the pulse mode in shorter pulse width were dominated by the back-switching process while the continuous mode piezoelectric hysteresis loop provides information on the domain switching process. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1494122
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Matrix metalloproteinase-2 from bronchial epithelial cells induces the proliferation of subepithelial fibroblasts (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background In bronchial asthma, subepithelial fibrosis in the conducting airways is associated with increased numbers of subepithelial fibroblasts.Objective This study examined the hypothesis that MMP-2 from airway epithelial cells induces the proliferation of subepithelial fibroblasts.Methods Using primary bronchial epithelial cells MMP-2, MT1-MMP and TIMP-2 mRNA expression were assessed by Northern blotting and RT-PCR. Primary bronchial epithelial cells transfected with constructs encoding pro-MMP-2 and MT1-MMP (MMP-14).Results Transfected cells showed enhanced expression of the appropriate mRNA species by RT-PCR and enhanced MMP-2 or MT1-MMP activity by zymography. Active MMP-2 levels in epithelial supernatants were increased most by cotransfection with pro-MMP-2 and MT1-MMP encoding constructs. By measuring tritiated thymidine incorporation, supernatants from transfected cells were found to enhance DNA synthesis of primary airway fibroblast cultures compared with controls. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.9, P 〈 0.01) between MMP-2 levels in epithelial cell conditioned media and fibroblast proliferation as indicated by DNA synthesis. The MMP inhibitor 1,10-phenanthroline attenuated the increased proliferation, while the addition of exogenous purified MMP-2 alone also increased fibroblast proliferation.Conclusions Our results support a role for MMP-2 in mediating cross-talk between epithelial cells and myofibroblasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.01386.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase: a multi-institutional study of a new prostate cancer marker (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 45 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : To test whether α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is a sensitive and specific marker of prostate cancer.Methods and results : The expression levels of AMACR mRNA were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. A total of 807 prostatic specimens were further examined by immunohistochemistry specific for AMACR. Quantitative immunostaining analyses were carried out by using the ChromaVision Automated Cellular Imaging System and the Ariol SL-50 Imaging System, respectively. AMACR mRNA levels measured in prostatic adenocarcinoma were 55 times higher than those in benign prostate tissue. Of 454 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma, 441 were positive for AMACR, while 254 of 277 cases of benign prostate were negative for AMACR. The sensitivity and specificity of AMACR immunodetection of prostatic adenocarcinomas were 97% and 92%, respectively. Both positive and negative predictive values were 95%. By automatic imaging analyses, the AMACR immunostaining intensity and percentage in prostatic adenocarcinomas were also significantly higher than those in benign prostatic tissue (105.9 versus 16.1 for intensity, 45.7% versus 0.02% and 35.03% versus 4.64% for percentage, respectively).Conclusions : We have demonstrated the promising features of AMACR as a biomarker for prostate cancer in this large series and the potential to develop automated quantitative diagnostic tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2004.01930.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric medullary carcinoma, a distinct entity associated with microsatellite instability-H, prominent intraepithelial lymphocytes and improved prognosis (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 45 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims:  To determine the clinicopathological and molecular features of gastric medullary cancer.Methods and results:  Clinicopathological review and microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis were carried out on 17 gastric medullary and 64 non-medullary cancers. In addition to characteristic histopathology, gastric medullary cancers had certain prominent features: (i) the average survival time was longer in medullary and low-grade non-medullary cancers than in high-grade (P = 0.004); (ii) serosal involvement was less common in medullary cancers (29.4%, 5/17) than in non-medullary cancers (9.4%, 6/64) (P 〈 0.05) while pushing borders were more common in medullary cancers (70.6%, 12/17 versus 17.2%, 11/64, P = 0); (iii) the presence of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in medullary and non-medullary cancers was 2380/10 high-power field (HPF) and 147/10 HPF (P = 0), respectively. Both peritumoural infiltrating lymphocytes (pTIL) and a Crohn's-like reaction were more common in medullary cancers than in non-medullary (pTIL 35.3%, 6/17 versus 3.1%, 2/64; a Crohn's-like reaction 70.6%, 12/17 versus 32.8%, 21/64; P 〈 0.05); (iv) medullary and high-grade non-medullary cancers were more associated with reduced ECD expression in comparison with low-grade cancers (P 〈 0.05); (v) higher MSI-H (Bat26+) rate was observed in medullary cancers (41.2%, 7/17) than in non-medullary (1.6%, 1/64) (P = 0).Conclusions:  Gastric medullary cancer has distinct clinicopathological features and genetic alterations. Two subtypes of gastric medullary cancers, Bat26+ and Bat26–, might have prognostic implications, thus analysis of Bat26 may be of clinical value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2004.01998.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and mapping of a rice blast resistance gene Pi-g(t) in the cultivar Guangchangzhan (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 53 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A single dominant blast resistance gene was identified in Chinese indica rice (Oryza sativa) cv. Guangchangzhan (GCZ), which shows complete resistance to Japanese isolate Ken53-33 of Magnaporthe grisea. Genetic analysis of the backcross (BC1) and second-generation (F2) populations from a cross between susceptible cv. Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH) and GCZ indicated that the resistance was conferred by one dominant gene. This gene was mapped on the long arm of chromosome 2 and flanked by RM166 and RM208 at distances of 4·00 ± 4·90 and 6·30 ± 4·89 cM (centiMorgans), respectively. It was designated tentatively as Pi-g(t).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0032-0862.2004.00986.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular dissection of the primary sink size and its related traits in rice (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The genetic mechanism underlying the relationship between three traits of the primary sink size - spikelet number per panicle (SNP), panicle number per plant (PN), and 1000-grain weight (GWT), and their 10 component traits in rice was dissected in 292 F13 recombinant inbred lines using a complete linkage map. A total of 43 genomic regions on 12 rice chromosomes were found to contain quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting the sink size traits, which revealed several important aspects of the genetic basis of sink capacity in rice. First, QTLs for SNP, PN and GWT were largely independent. Secondly, most QTLs affecting SNP and GWT showed close characteristics in both genomic locations and directions of effects to QTLs for their components, suggesting that pleiotropy, rather than linkage, was the primary genetic basis of the correlated panicle and grain traits. Thirdly, some QTLs affecting component traits did not contribute to SNP or GWT. In these cases, two or more QTLs with opposite effects on their component traits were detected, which could be due to either linkage or pleiotropy. Fourthly, some QTLs had large effects on panicle number (QPn4), panicle branching and length (QPbn3a, QPbn3b and QPb14), grain length and volume (QG13, QG15 and QGv2), and grain shape (QGs1 and QGs7), which were consistently detected in the related rice mapping populations and in different environments, providing good candidates and useful information for marker-aided improvement of sink size and yield potential of rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00936.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion channeling studies on mixed phases formed in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown Mg-doped GaN on Al2O3(0001) (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 955-957 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and ion channeling were used to determine the relative quantities of wurtzite and zinc-blende phases in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown Mg-doped GaN(0001) on an Al2O3(0001) substrate with a GaN buffer layer. Offnormal axial channeling scans were used. High-resolution x-ray diffraction measurements also confirmed the presence of mixed phases. The in-plane orientation was found to be GaN[11¯0]||GaN[112¯0]||Al2O3[112¯0]. The effects of rapid thermal annealing on the relative phase content, thickness and crystalline quality of the GaN epilayer were also studied. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371966
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of highly ordered metallic nanowire arrays by electrodeposition (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1039-1041 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Highly ordered hexagonal arrays of parallel metallic nanowires (Ni, Bi) with diameters of about 50 nm and lengths up to 50 μm were synthesized by electrodeposition. Hexagonal-close-packed nanochannel anodized aluminum oxide film was used as the deposition template. The deposition was performed in an organic bath of dimethylsulfoxide with metal chloride as the electrolyte. A high degree of ordering and uniformity in these arrays can be obtained with this technique by fine-tuning the electrodeposition parameters. Moreover, an unprecedentedly high level of uniformity and control of the wire length was achieved. The arrays are unique platforms for explorations of collective behavior in coupled mesoscopic systems, and are useful for applications in high-density data storage, field emission displays, and sensors. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1389765
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