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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiative and nonradiative rates and deep levels in zinc selenide grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1731-1736 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of chlorine-doped epitaxial layers of ZnSe have been grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Measurements have been made of the relative intensity of the blue photoluminescence at room temperature, of the decay time of this emission, and of the concentrations of deep levels determined by photocapacitance techniques. A GaAs buffer layer improves the light emission and decreases the deep-level concentrations. Over the uncompensated donor concentration range 2×1016 to 3×1018 cm−3 the photoluminescence intensity, decay rate, and deep-level concentrations only vary by one order of magnitude. The results are consistent with the room-temperature blue emission resulting in recombination of a free hole with electrons on relatively isolated donors, this radiative recombination competing with a strong nonradiative Hall–Shockley–Read recombination via deep levels in the lower half of the energy gap. The significance of these results for the making of light-emitting diodes and lasers is discussed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inter-relationships between airway inflammation, reticular basement membrane thickening and bronchial hyper-reactivity to methacholine in asthma; a systematic bronchoalveolar lavage and airway biopsy analysis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Asthma is accepted as a disease characterized by airway inflammation, with evidence that airway structural changes, or ‘remodelling’ occurs. There are few studies relating airway physiology, inflammation and remodelling, however. We have carried out a study of inter-relationships between airway inflammation, airway remodelling, reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickening, and bronchial hyper-reactivity (BHR), before and after high-dose inhaled corticosteroid (fluticasone propionate 750 μg b.d.), in a group of relatively mild but symptomatic, steroid naïve asthma patients.Methods Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) in 35 asthmatics, with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and airway endobronchial biopsy (EBB) for inflammatory cell profiles and EBB for airway remodelling carried out at baseline, 3 and 12 months.Results At baseline RBM thickening was related to BAL mast cells and EBB eosinophil counts. In turn baseline log EBB EG2 eosinophil count, log%BAL epithelial cells and log RBM thickness explained 55% of the variability in BHR.Conclusion We provide new information that airway inflammation, remodelling, and BHR in asthma are inter-related and improved by ICS therapy. Our data potentially support the need for early and long-term intervention with ICS even in relatively mild asthmatics, and the need to further assess the potential merit of longitudinal BHR testing in management of some patients, as this may reflect both airway inflammation and remodelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02365.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on triploid oysters in Australia: effect of initial size on growth of diploid and triploid Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale & Roughley) (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 30 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In a 2-year grow-out trial, triploid Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale & Roughley), from two initial size grades grew faster (in terms of both mean whole weight and shell height) than the equivalent initial size grades of sibling diploids (P 〈 0.05). Small size grade triploids caught up with and had significantly heavier (P 〈 0.05) final whole weights than large size grade diploids after a 2-years grow-out period. The initial size grade had a significant effect on final mean whole weight and shell height for both ploidy types. After the 2-years grow-out trial, the final mean whole weights (but not shell heights) of small and large diploids (35.8 ± 0.6 g and 39.4 ± 0.5 g, respectively) were significantly different (P 〈 0.05). Small and large triploids grew at a similar rate for the first 18 months despite the significantly (P 〈 0.05) heavier final mean weight of large grade triploids (48.4 ± 0.8 g and 61.2 ± 0.7 g, respectively). The effect of the initial size grade on subsequent growth of both diploid and triploid oysters which was demonstrated in the present study is of significant commercial value to hatchery and nursery operators as well as growers of single seed oysters. In addition, small-grade triploids appeared to be more valuable in terms of potential growth rate than all diploid grades. There was no significant difference in the final percentage triploidy between small and large grade triploids. A large proportion of diploid/triploid mosaicism was detected in adult oysters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1999.00296.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of parasite and genetic markers in delineating populations of winter flounder from the central and south-west Scotian Shelf and north-east Gulf of Maine (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 66 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Discriminant function analyses of infection parameters of parasitic helminths revealed that abundances of seven helminth species contributed significantly to the delineation of four host populations of winter flounder Pleuronectes americanus from the central and south-west Scotian Shelf and the north-east Gulf of Maine (NAFO subdivision 4WX-5Z). These were adult digeneans, Derogenes varicus, Genolinea laticauda, Steganoderma formosum and Steringophorus furciger, metacercariae of the digenean, Stephanostomum baccatum, and larval nematodes, Anisakis simplex and Hysterothylacium aduncum. The correct classification rate was 84% overall, with Georges Bank (5Z) and Sable Island Bank (4W) winter flounder being the most accurately classified samples at 98 and 88%, respectively. Winter flounder from south-west Nova Scotia (4X), an inshore sample from St Marys Bay and offshore fish from Browns Bank, had the lowest rates of correct classification (76 and 71%, respectively) due, primarily, to cross-misclassification between the two samples. Winter pairwise comparisons of four microsatellite markers identified significant genetic differences between all populations sampled with the Georges Bank population being the most genetically distinct overall, and St Marys Bay and Browns Bank fish being the least dissimilar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00659.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microsatellite analysis indicates an absence of population structure among Hippoglossus hippoglossus in the north-west Atlantic (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To explore the population structure of Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus, 160 fish from four locations in the north-west Atlantic (Bay of Fundy, Scotian Shelf, Gulf of St Lawrence and Iceland) were examined for evidence of population structure using 18 microsatellite markers. Pair-wise FST and a model-based cluster analysis revealed no significant differentiation between samples, although uncertainties surrounding Atlantic halibut reproductive behaviour made it difficult to ascertain that only a single breeding population had been sampled at each location
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00733.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light- and temperature-entrained circadian regulation of activity and mRNA accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase in Stellaria longipes (1996)
    Springer
    Planta 199 (1996), S. 329-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (activity, mRNA) ; Circadian rhythm ; Light ; Stellaria ; Temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Stem and leaf tissues of Stellaria longipes Goldie (prairie ecotype) exhibit circadian rhythmicity in the activity and mRNA abundance for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3). The steady-state mRNA levels and enzymatic activity levels fluctuated with a period of approximately 24 h and reached their maxima by the middle of the light phase and minima by the middle of the dark phase. The oscillations showed damping under constant light, constant dark and constant temperature conditions, indicating that the rhythm is entrained by an external signal. The results indicate that light/dark cycles have greater entraining effects than temperature cycles. A 15-min red light pulse, but not a blue light pulse, could reset rhythm in continuous darkness, suggesting the possible role of a red-light signal transduction pathway in the circadian regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195723
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population-based geographic variations in dxa bone density in Europe: The evos study (1997)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 7 (1997), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Aging ; Bone densitometry ; Epidemiology ; European Spine Phantom ; Geographic variation ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate variations in bone density between 16 European populations, 13 of which were participants in the European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (EVOS). Men and women aged 50–80 years were recruited randomly from local population registers, stratified in 5-year age bands. The other three centres recruited similarly. Random samples of 20–100% of EVOS subjects were invited for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) densitometry of the lumbar spine and/or proximal femur using Hologic, Lunar or Norland pencil beam machines or, in one centre, a Sopha fan-beam machine. Cross-calibration of the different machines was undertaken using the European Spine Phantom prototype (ESPp). Highly significant differences in mean bone density were demonstrated between centres, giving rise to between-centre SDs in bone density that were about a quarter of a population SD. These differences persisted when centres using Hologic machines and centres using Lunar machines were considered separately. The centres were ranked differently according to whether male or female subjects were being considered and according to site of measurement (L2–4, femoral neck or femoral trochanter). As expected, bone mineral density (BMD) had a curvilinear relationship with age, and apparent rates of decrease slowed as age advanced past 50 years in both sexes. In the spine, not only did male BMD usually appear to increase with age, but there was a highly significant difference between centres in the age effect in both sexes, suggesting a variability in the impact of osteoarthritis between centres. Weight was consistently positively associated with BMD, but the effects of height and armspan were less consistent. Logarithmic transformation was needed to normalize the regressions of BMD on the independent variates, and after transformation, all sites except the femoral neck in females showed significant increases in SD with age. Interestingly, the effect of increasing weight was to decrease dispersion in proximal femur measurements in both sexes, further accentuating the tendency in women for low body mass index to be associated with osteoporosis as defined by densitometry. It is concluded that there are major differences between BMD values in European population samples which, with variations in anthro-pometric variables, have the potential to contribute substantially to variations in rates of osteoporotic fracture risk in Europe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01622286
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mortality Associated with Vertebral Deformity in Men and Women: Results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS) (1998)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 8 (1998), S. 291-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Epidemiology – Mortality – Osteoporosis – Vertebral deformity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Clinically apparent vertebral deformities are associated with reduced survival. The majority of subjects with radiographic vertebral deformity do not, however, come to medical attention. The aim of this study was to determine the association between radiographic vertebral deformity and subsequent mortality. The subjects who took part in the analysis were recruited for participation in a multicentre population-based survey of vertebral osteoporosis in Europe. Men and women aged 50 years and over were invited to attend for an interviewer-administered questionnaire and lateral spinal radiographs. Radiographs were evaluated morphometrically and vertebral deformity defined according to established criteria. The participants have been followed by annual postal questionnaire – the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS). Information concerning the vital status of participants was available from 6480 subjects, aged 50–79 years, from 14 of the participating centres. One hundred and eighty-nine deaths (56 women and 133 men) occurred during a total of 14 380 person-years of follow-up (median 2.3 years). In women, after age adjustment, there was a modest excess mortality in those with, compared with those without, vertebral deformity: rate ratio (RR) = 1.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0,3.4). In men, the excess risk was smaller and non-significant RR = 1.3 (95% CI 0.9,2.0). After further adjusting for smoking, alcohol consumption, previous hip fracture, general health, body mass index and steroid use, the excess risk was reduced and non-significant in both sexes: women, RR = 1.6 (95% CI 0.9,3.0); men RR = 1.2 (95% CI 0.7,1.8). Radiographic vertebral deformity is associated with a modest excess mortality, particularly in women. Part of this excess can be explained by an association with other adverse health and lifestyle factors linked to mortality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980050067
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct Disclosure of Bone Density Results to Patients: Effect on Knowledge of Osteoporosis Risk and Anxiety Level (1998)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 8 (1998), S. 584-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Anxiety – Bone density – Direct disclosure – Knowledge of risk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: If bone mineral density (BMD) screening is to achieve the aim of preventing the complications of osteoporosis, women with low BMD measurements must learn that they are at risk, and women at risk must know about and be willing to adopt and persist with measures that can prevent osteoporosis. In this paper we present the results of a randomized controlled trial designed to examine whether disclosing the results of a BMD scan directly to women, as well as through their general practitioners (GPs), improves their knowledge of their bone density results without adverse psychological sequelae. Direct disclosure resulted in 19% (59% vs 40%; 95% CI for difference in proportions: 9.8% to 27.8%) more women being aware of their BMD status at the spine and 22% (58% vs 36%; 95% CI for difference: 12.2% to 29.8%) at the hip. These differences were observed irrespective of risk status. There was no significant difference in anxiety levels between the randomized groups. We conclude, therefore, that direct disclosure of BMD results to women, as well as to their GPs, leads to increased knowledge of BMD status without increasing anxiety, and that BMD measurement services should consider informing women routinely of their results directly as well as through their GPs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980050103
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3,5-Diphenyl-2-(2-pyridylamino)-1-thia-6,6aλ4-diselenapentalene (1995)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 2057-2059 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270195001119
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