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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (13)
  • 2000-2004  (5)
  • 1995-1999  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-Abelian D-branes and noncommutative geometry (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 42 (2001), S. 2781-2797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: We discuss the non-Abelian world-volume action which governs the dynamics of N coincident Dp-branes. In this theory, the branes' transverse displacements are described by matrix-valued scalar fields, and so this is a natural physical framework for the appearance of noncommutative geometry. One example is the dielectric effect by which Dp-branes may be polarized into a noncommutative geometry by external fields. Another example is the appearance of noncommutative geometries in the description of intersecting D-branes of differing dimensions, such as D-strings ending on a D3- or D5-brane. We also describe the related physics of giant gravitons. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1377275
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A randomized, double-blind comparison study of EMLA® and ELA-Max® for topical anesthesia in children undergoing intravenous insertion (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 14 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Topical anesthetics may help reduce discomfort associated with procedures involving needle-puncture, such as intravenous (i.v.) insertions, in children. EMLA® cream has become a common, noninvasive therapy for topical anesthesia in children. ELA-Max® is a recently introduced topical anesthetic cream marketed as being as effective in producing topical anesthesia after a 30-min application as EMLA® is after a 60-min application. The purpose of this research was to compare ELA-Max® at 30 min with EMLA® at 60 min for providing topical anesthesia for i.v. insertions in children.Methods : Sixty children, ages 8–17 years, requiring an i.v. were randomized to receive either the 30 min application of ELA-Max® (n = 30) or the 60 min application of EMLA® (n = 30). Children rated any pain associated with the i.v. insertion using a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The anesthesiologist assessed the presence of blanching at the site and rated the difficulty of placing the i.v.Results : There was no clinically or statistically significant difference in pain ratings (P = 0.87) between the ELA-Max® (mean = 25.7) and the EMLA® (mean = 26.8) groups. ELA-Max® caused significantly (P = 0.04) less blanching than EMLA®, however there was no difference in the anesthesiologists’ rating of the difficulty of the i.v. placement between the groups (P = 0.73).Conclusion : Results from this study support the claim that a 30-min application of ELA-Max® (with occlusion) is as effective as a 60-min application of EMLA® (with occlusion) for producing topical anesthesia for i.v. insertion in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2004.01381.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical prostatectomy: Making it a better operation in the new millennium (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 8 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Radical prostatectomy provides the best hope for long-term survival, free of disease, for organ-confined adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The operation is performed successfully only by understanding the remarkable anatomic variability of the prostate apex and the cylindrical nature of the striated urethral sphincter. When surgical techniques are used that take into account variations at the apex, with preservation of (i) neurovascular structures; (ii) the sphincteric urethra; and (iii) the adjacent levator ani, patients can look forward to a cure and the rapid return of urinary control and erectile function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2042.2001.00325.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exogenous erythropoietin protects against dorsal root ganglion apoptosis and pain following peripheral nerve injury (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Erythropoietin (Epo) has been shown to have potent anti-apoptotic activity in central nervous system neurons in animal models of ischaemic injury. Recently, Epo and its receptor (EpoR) have been identified in the peripheral nervous system [Campana & Myers (2001), FASEB J., 15, 1804–1806]. Herein, we demonstrate that in painful neuropathy caused by L5 spinal nerve crush (SNC), therapy with recombinant human Epo (rhEpo) reduced dorsal root ganglion (DRG) apoptosis and pain behaviours. Quantification of both DRG neurons and satellite cells revealed that vehicle-treated, crush-injured DRGs had 35.5 ± 8.3% apoptotic neurons and 23.5 ± 2.36% satellite cells compared with 7.5 ± 6.3% apoptotic neurons and 6.4 ± 3.94% satellite cells in rhEpo-treated, crush-injured DRGs (P 〈 0.05). While rhEpo-treated animals were not initially protected from mechanical allodynia associated with L5 SNC, rhEpo did significantly improve recovery rates compared to vehicle-treated animals (P 〈 0.01). Systemic rhEpo therapy increased JAK2 phosphorylation, a key anti-apoptotic signalling molecule for Epo-induced neuroprotection, in DRGs after crush. Dual immunofluorescence demonstrated Epo-induced JAK2-p was associated with both neuronal and glial cells. JAK2-p was associated with NF200-positive large neurons and with smaller neurons. This population of small neurons did not colocalize with IB4, a marker of nonpeptidergic, glial derived growth factor-responsive neurons. The findings link anti-apoptosis activities of Epo/EpoR/JAK2 in DRG neurons capable of inducing protracted pain states with reductions in pain behaviours, and therefore support a role for Epo therapy in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02875.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Motivation and job satisfaction (1998)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 36 (1998), S. 226-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The movement of workers to act in a desired manner has always consumed the thoughts of managers. In many ways, this goal has been reached through incentive programs, corporate pep talks, and other types of conditional administrative policy, However, as the workers adjust their behaviour in response to one of the aforementioned stimuli, is job satisfaction actualized? The instilling of satisfaction within workers is a crucial task of management. Satisfaction creates confidence, loyalty and ultimately improved quality in the output of the employed. Satisfaction, though, is not the simple result of an incentive program. Employees will most likely not take any more pride in their work even if they win the weekend getaway for having the highest sales. This paper reviews the literature of motivational theorists and draws from their approaches to job satisfaction and the role of motivation within job satisfaction. The theories of Frederick Herzberg and Edwin Locke are presented chronologically to show how Locke's theory was a response to Herzberg's theory. By understanding these theories, managers can focus on strategies of creating job satisfaction. This is followed by a brief examination of Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey's theory on leadership within management and how this art is changing through time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749810211027
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen Fertilizer Effect on Grain Amaranth (1998)
    Springer
    Semigroup forum 90 (1998), S. 597-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Amaranthus spp.) is an ancient crop that is now receiving fresh attention. This has led to a demand for crop management information, including that on N fertilization. This study evaluated the effect of N fertilizer on amaranth grain yield, yield components, and growth and development. The study was carried out in three Missouri environments with five levels of N fertilizer (NH4NO3 broadcast preplant at 0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg N ha-1) and three cultivars (Plainsman, D136, and K266). Averaged across cultivars and environments, N fertilizer at the top rate of 180 kg N ha-1 produced a yield increase of 42% relative to plots receiving no N fertilizer. Yields were consistently improved by additions of 45 and 90 kg N ha-1, but additional N fertilizer above the 90 kg N ha-1 rate increased yield in only one out of three environments. At the one site where yield components were evaluated, yield differences were due to increases in seed number per plant, since seed weight and plant population at maturity were unaffected by N fertilizer rate. Plots with high rates of N fertilizer had later maturity, as indicated by time of flowering and seed moisture. Average moisture of seeds harvested from plots receiving 180 kg N ha-1 was 320 g kg-1, while seeds from plots with no N fertilizer had 240 g kg-1 moisture. Comparing the same high N treatment to the control with no N showed height increases of 14, 24, and 44% in the three environments. Although amaranth yield is responsive to N fertilization, high rates of N fertilization can negatively affect grain harvest in terms of excessive plant height, increased lodging, and delayed crop maturity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Targeting acute ischemic stroke with a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 7 (2001), S. 471-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] During ischemic stroke, neurons at risk are exposed to pathologically high levels of intracellular calcium (Ca++), initiating a fatal biochemical cascade. To protect these neurons, we have developed openers of large-conductance, Ca++-activated (maxi-K or BK) potassium channels, thereby augmenting ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/86546
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinical and pharmacological study of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and interferon alfa in advanced colorectal caner (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 37 (1995), S. 86-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Key words 5-Fluorouracil ; Interferon ; Colorectal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Modulation of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) using leucovorin (LV) is a standard treatment approach in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Modulation of FUra with interferon alfa has also shown some promise. Laboratory data have demonstrated increased cytotoxicity when FUra is combined with both LV and interferon. The current study examined the effects of double modulation of FUra using LV and interferon.Patients with measurable advanced colorectal cancer received bolus FUra 375 mg/m2 plus LV 20 mg/m2 daily for 5 days, repeated every 28 days. Recombinant human interferon alfa-2a, 3 million IU/m2 subcutaneously, was given daily on the days of chemotherapy then three times weekly. There was one complete response and nine partial responses (10/41) seen for an overall response rate of 24% (95% CI 12.0–40.0%). Overall, 70% of patients experienced one or more episodes of nonhematologic toxicity of grade 3 or more. Weight loss was common, with a mean decrease of 2.9 kg over the first two months (P〈0.0001). Improvements in tumor-related symptoms were balanced by increased fatigue and a deterioration in body weight and performance status. There was no evidence of progressive changes in FUra metabolism from interferon usage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002800050371
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinical and pharmacological study of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and interferon alfa in advanced colorectal caner (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 37 (1995), S. 86-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: 5-Fluorouracil ; Interferon ; Colorectal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Modulation of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) using leucovorin (LV) is a standard treatment approach in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Modulation of FUra with interferon alfa has also shown some promise. Laboratory data have demonstrated increased cytotoxicity when FUra is combined with both LV and interferon. The current study examined the effects of double modulation of FUra using LV and interferon. Patients with measurable advanced colorectal cancer received bolus FUra 375 mg/m2 plus LV 20 mg/m2 daily for 5 days, repeated every 28 days. Recombinant human interferon alfa-2a, 3 million IU/m2 subcutaneously, was given daily on the days of chemotherapy then three times weekly. There was one complete response and nine partial responses (10/41) seen for an overall response rate of 24% (95% CI 12.0–40.0%). Overall, 70% of patients experienced one or more episodes of nonhematologic toxicity of grade 3 or more. Weight loss was common, with a mean decrease of 2.9 kg over the first two months (P〈0.0001). Improvements in tumor-related symptoms were balanced by increased fatigue and a deterioration in body weight and performance status. There was no evidence of progressive changes in FUra metabolism from interferon usage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685633
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurotransmitters in the spinal cord dorsal horn in a model of painful neuropathy and in nerve crush (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 478-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chronic constriction injury ; Crush ; Dorsal horn ; Hyperalgesia ; Neurotransmitters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We tested the hypothesis that neurochemical changes in the spinal cord dorsal horn associated with neuropathic pain states differ from those seen in association with non-painful neuropathies. Immunohistochemistry was performed on spinal cord sections from rats with a chronic constriction injury (CCI), which develop hyperalgesia, and from animals with a nerve crush injury, which do not develop hyperalgesia or other signs of a painful syndrome. Immunohistochemistry was quantified by computer-assisted densitometry. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactivity and substance P (SP) immunoreactivity were decreased from 1 to 4 weeks after injury in CCI and from 2 to 6 weeks in crush. Gammaaminobutyric acid immunoreactivity was unchanged in both conditions at all time points. Met-enkephalin (Metenk) immunoreactivity was increased in CCI and unchanged in crush. Although SP and CGRP are involved in pain transmission, we conclude that their decrease in immunoreactivity is not specific for the CCI model, but rather a more general event in nerve de- and regeneration. The increase in immunoreactivity for the opioid peptide Met-enk, however, was only seen in the late phase of CCI, and may be specific for conditions associated with neuropathic pain and its resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294809
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