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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge transfer-originated large Faraday rotation in Rh4+-substituted magnetic garnets (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 1368-1371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A large Faraday rotation is reported for Rh4+-substituted magnetic garnets in the near-infrared wavelength region. The Faraday rotation at 0.9 μm is about seven times larger than that in yttrium iron garnet by substituting Rh4+ ions of only 0.13 per formula unit at room temperature. From the electronic state calculations of a (Rh4+O62−)8− octahedral cluster performed by using an unrestricted self-consistent field–scattering wave–X α method, the origin of the Faraday rotation is attributable to the charge transfer transitions of an electron from O 2p to Rh 4d orbitals, or t1un(2p)→t2g*(4d) and t2un(2p)→t2g*(4d) transitions. Based on this assignment, the Faraday rotation spectrum is calculated by taking into account the spin–orbit interaction and the molecular field from iron magnetizations in the magnetic garnet. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363898
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double transition behavior induced by coherent anisotropy in random anisotropy magnets amorphous HoFe and ErFe (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4509-4511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic phase transition in weak random anisotropy magnets amorphous a-HoFe and ErFe thin films with "in-plane" coherent anisotropy are studied by measurements of temperature (T) dependence of ac susceptibility. We observed distinct difference in the ac susceptibilities between samples with the coherent anisotropy and without the coherent anisotropy; double transition behavior from paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic (FWA) to correlated spin-glass-like is induced by the coherent "in-plane" anisotropy field larger than about 8 kOe even without H. Such a behavior is also observed in a-DyGdFe with "perpendicular" coherent anisotropy. But, larger coherent anisotropy field than about 20 kOe is needed to induce the FWA state, which may arise from the symmetry difference in the coherent anisotropy. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370391
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of a semiconductor detector for measurement of high energy end loss ions from a tandem mirror (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1433-1437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A semiconductor detector is applied for measurement of high energy end loss ions (E≥15 keV) from a tandem mirror. Its energy sensitivity to protons calibrated by using a monochromatic ion source is found to be the same as that to electrons. The semiconductor detector is installed on an end wall of the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror and high energy end loss ions are observed with the detector when ions in the confinement region are strongly heated by ion cyclotron waves. Counts of high energy end loss ions are closely related with a diamagnetic signal representing ion heating. The energy of the end loss ions spreads with time and attains to 50–60 keV. Time behavior of the ion count suggests that unknown loss processes other than classical Coulomb scattering are relevant to ion end loss. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147629
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current–voltage characteristics of the end loss ion flux from a tandem mirror collected on a gridded energy analyzer (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 2207-2214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Examination is made of the relation between the distribution function of the ions confined in a tandem mirror and the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of the end loss ions collected on a gridded energy analyzer. To do this, a model ion distribution function characterized by two parameters, an anisotropy parameter χ and a decay parameter Y is used. The decay parameter represents depletion of ion distribution in the loss cone. A Maxwellian distribution as the limit of Y=∞ is shown not to reproduce the measured I–V curve as an energy spectrum of the ions lost from the central cell of the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror [Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 939 (1985)]. The ions in the central cell are subject to strong ICRH and have a highly anisotropic velocity distribution. These ions are deeply trapped in the central cell and the loss cone is not fully occupied. The model distribution with a small value of Y represents such features of the ion distribution. From comparison between a measured loss current and calculated one, the decay parameter of the model distribution function is roughly determined. The model distribution with this parameter yields I–V characteristics similar to the measured one. The present article gives the relation between the apparent ion temperature Ti simply determined from the slope of the log plot of the measured I–V curve and the real parallel ion temperature Ti(parallel). When the ion distribution is of a loss cone type, Ti is almost equal to Ti(parallel). On the other hand, Ti can be more than two times as high as Ti(parallel) if the ion distribution is Maxwellian-like. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147038
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new gas purifier for ArF excimer lasers (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 658-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have developed a new gas purifier for ArF excimer lasers that can remove all the impurities from degraded ArF excimer laser gas. We found that cooled activated charcoal at temperatures below −50 °C effectively removes CF4, which is the preponderant impurity generated in ArF excimer laser gas mixtures. We also demonstrated that the new gas purifier can regenerate the ArF excimer laser gas up to its initial purity level after about 1×109 shots of operation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146837
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge-exchange neutral particle measurements on electron cyclotron resonance heating experiments in hot-ion-mode plasmas of the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 849-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Charge-exchange (C–X) neutral particle measurements have been carried out in hot-ion-mode plasmas of the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror. In the present experiment, a microwave power of 40 kW in 28 GHz is injected toward a second harmonic ECR layer located in the vicinity of the ICR layer at the central region and the radial profiles of ion temperatures determined from the energy spectrum of the C–X neutrals by using a neutral particle energy analyzer (NPA) are investigated from the viewpoint of ion energy balance. At the onset of the ECRH pulse, a remarkable increase of C–X neutral flux with high energy (few keV to few tens keV) is observed with NPA and the resultant ion temperature on the plasma axis is found to increase from 2.5 to 5.0 keV at the electron line density of 3×1013 cm−2. Based on the measured plasma parameters, radial profiles of ion-energy losses due to classical processes are evaluated and ECRH in the central region is confirmed to reduce the energy loss due to electron drag significantly in the core-plasma region. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149287
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low frequency fluctuations measured by probes in the GAMMA10 tandem mirror : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 979-982 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In the limited regions of operation of the GAMMA10 tandem mirror, a saturation or a reduction of the stored energy in the central cell is sometimes observed. By using electrostatic and magnetic probes, the low frequency (〈1 MHz) fluctuations are studied in relation to plasma parameters. Dominant fluctuations are identified to be flute type and drift type modes. Magnetic fluctuations, of which frequency is much lower than the ion cyclotron frequency, are newly observed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149420
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ calibration of microchannel-plate-based x-ray pinhole camera for observation of magnetically trapped plasma (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3421-3425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The electronic amplification gain of a microchannel plate (MCP), as employed for detector and image amplifier of an x-ray pinhole camera, tends to decrease as the output current increases, posing problems both in quantitative analyses and in construction of a three-dimensional emissivity distribution. We report that the output-current dependent MCP gain is described in a simple empirical formula that is determined by an in situ calibration experiment using a steady-state low-temperature discharge plasma. We examine the validity of the formula affirmatively in correcting raw data of x-ray images of magnetically trapped hot plasma. It is also demonstrated that the correction leads to a three-dimensional distribution of soft x-ray emissivity in a quadrupole-mirror-trapped hot plasma that is consistent with other indirect measurements. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148303
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a fluorescent x-ray source for medical imaging : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1981-1983 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A fluorescent x-ray source for medical imaging, such as K-edge subtraction angiography and monochromatic x-ray CT, has been developed. Using a 6.5 GeV accumulation ring in Tsukuba, fluorescent x rays, which range from about 30 to 70 keV are generated by irradiating several target materials. Measurements have been made of output intensities and energy spectra for different target angles and extraction angles. The intensities of fluorescent x rays at a 30 mA beam current are on the order of 1–3×106 photons/mm2/s at 30 cm from the local spot where the incident beam is collimated to 1 mm2. A phantom which contains three different contrast media (iodine, barium, gadolinium) was used for the K-edge energy subtraction, and element selective CT images were obtained. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145776
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of Co–P powders produced by chemical reduction (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 7209-7212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Co–P powders were produced by chemical reduction. The powders had a spherical shape with an average diameter of about 1 μm. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry studies confirmed that the powders were amorphous. The amorphous powders showed higher saturation magnetization than the crystalline counterparts. Heat treatment of the powders above the crystallization temperature resulted in the formation of fcc Co, hcp Co, and Co2P phases. The saturation magnetization of the annealed powders monotonically decreased as the annealing temperature increased. On the other hand, the coercivity of the annealed powders rapidly increased with increasing annealing temperature. The powders annealed at 600 °C had a saturation magnetization of 100 emu/g with a coercivity of 500 Oe. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1327290
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