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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dapsone hydroxylamine inhibits the LTB4-induced chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into human skin: Results of a pilot study (1997)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 46 (1997), S. 420-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Dapsone metabolites — LTB4— Polymorphonuclear leukocytes — Skin — Chemotaxis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: Dapsone (4,4'diaminodiphenylsulfone) is effective in treating leprosy, chronic inflammatory conditions and opportunistic infections in HIV patients. By the oral route, the sulfone is metabolized to monoacetyldapsone (MADDS) and dapsone hydroxylamine (DDS-NOH). We have addressed the question as to whether these dapsone metabolites have anti-inflammatory properties of their own in vivo.¶Treatment and Methods: After two weeks topical pre-treatment with MADDS (1%), DDS-NOH (1%) and clobetasol proprionate (CP; 0.05%) dissolved in acetone, as a reference, 10 ng leukotriene B4 (LTB4) were applied on the upper arms of eight healthy volunteers. After 24 h, biopsies were taken and the polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were quantified fluorometrically using elastase as marker enzyme.¶Results: MADDS did not show any inhibitory activity on trafficking of PMN compared to the corresponding control and nontreated area (untreated: 790 ± 450 PMN/10 μg skin; p 〉 0.05, acetone: 840 〉 578 PMN/10 μg skin; MADDS: 1099 〉 556 PMN/10 μg skin), whereas DDS-NOH caused a statistically significant inhibition of PMN accumulation as did the reference CP (DDS-NOH: 128 〉 143 PMN/10 μg skin; CP: 86 〉 131 PMN/10 μg skin, p 〈 0.01).¶Conclusions: These results indicate that DDS-NOH has anti-inflammatory potential which might contribute to the effectiveness of dapsone therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050215
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in function and morphology of normal human skin: evaluation using optical coherence tomography (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 150 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive morphological method for investigating human skin. It allows high-resolution in vivo imaging of inflammatory skin diseases and tumours. Because it is a newly developed method, systematic studies on standardization and on evaluation of factors influencing the representation of the skin have not yet been performed.Objectives  In this study, normal human skin was treated with various external stimuli which induce changes of function and morphology. Changes in stratum corneum thickness as well as changes induced by pigmentation, oedema and erythema were investigated using OCT.Methods  Healthy skin of human volunteers was treated with tape stripping, ultraviolet A irradiation, water, histamine, nicotinic acid and various ointments.Results  In the tape stripping experiment, the thickness of the horny layer was quantified and monitored. Pigmentation increased the light attenuation of the tissue, whereas hydration and erythema led to a slight decrease of scattering. Topical treatment of the skin gave a nonspecific increase of penetration depth of the light due to the lower reflectivity of the surface.Conclusions  There are various physiological conditions which influence optical properties of the skin. These parameters should be considered when performing standardized OCT studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05810.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature-Inspired Novel and Radical Computing (2000)
    Springer
    BT technology journal 18 (2000), S. 73-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1995
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The traditional 'Von Neumann' computing architecture is serial and digital. This way of organising things has proved to be very powerful and has allowed spectacular progress in computation, riding on the back of spectacular increases in speed of the central processor. Though the Von Neumann model has outstripped futurologists' dreams in its favoured domains, it has failed to meet expectations in others. Highly parallel, asynchronous, distributed problems highlight its weaknesses. Such complexity is inevitable in today's highly connected networks and dynamic environments with information asymmetries and delays, and myriad interactions among components. There are two ways to address the shortcomings in difficult but important problem domains like these. One is to increase the speed of traditional computing. This is being done, with year-on-year increases in hardware and software performance. The second is to seek new computational architectures which address problems more efficiently. This is also an active research area, and it is the subject of this paper. We are drawing inspirations from nature to deal with the twin challenges of parallel asynchronous problem domains and network system complexity that characterise the information age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026525905077
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two novel mutations (E86A, R113W) in argininosuccinate lyase deficiency and evidence for highly variable splicing of the human argininosuccinate lyase gene (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 23 (2000), S. 308-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005690005439
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lieblingsspeisen und Einflüsse auf die Nahrungspräferenzen von Kindergartenkindern (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 35 (1996), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Nahrungspräferenzen ; Verzehrsgewohnheiten ; Lieblingsspeisen ; Ernährungserziehung ; sozial-kulturell ; Food preferences ; eating habits ; favorite foods ; nutritional education ; sociocultural data
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This study was conducted by the Technical University of Munich-Weihenstephan on behalf of the Department of Education of the city of Munich. A total of 82 children as well as their parents and 23 kindergarten teachers in five Munich kindergartens were questioned about their food preferences, and their sociocultural data were gathered. The results showed that the nationality and the religion of the mother were fundamental to the origin and consolidation of the eating habits of the children. Other important und influencing factors were: the peer group and the teachers in the kindergarten, the father's job, the sex and the age of the children. When comparing the food preferences of the children and their role models, it was found that the preferences and aversions were more similar to those of their own mothers/teachers/members of the peer group than to those of children of other peer groups, other parents or other teachers.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Auftrag des Schulreferats der Stadt München wurden an der Technischen Universität München-Weihenstephan insgesamt 83 Kinder sowie deren Eltern und 23 Erzieherinnen in 5 Münchner Kindergärten zu ihren Nahrungspräferenzen befragt und ihre sozial-kulturellen Einflüsse untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, daß die Staatsangehörigkeit und Religion der Mutter wesentlich zur Entstehung und Festigung der Verzehrsgewohnheiten von Kindern beitragen. Als weitere wichtige Einflußfaktoren erwiesen sich die Kindergartengruppe, der Beruf des Vaters, das Geschlecht und das Alter der Kinder. Beim Vergleich der Nahrungspräferenzen von Kindern und ihren Bezugspersonen zeigte sich, daß die Vorlieben und Abneigungen von Kindern und ihren eigenen Müttern/Erzieherinnen/Gruppenkameraden ähnlicher waren als die von Kindern und Müttern/Erzieherinnen/Gruppenkameraden anderer Kindergartenkinder. Daraus wird der Schluß gezogen, daß die eigene Mutter und Bezugspersonen einen hohen Einfluß bei der Ausprägung von Nahrungspräferenzen haben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01622862
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