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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical scaling behavior in the activated barrier crossing problem. II. Power-law potential (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 4920-4929 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the Pollak–Grabert–Hänggi (PGH) weak-coupling approximation, the activated barrier crossing (ABC) problem is studied with a general memory friction kernel and for a general power-law potential added to a parabolic barrier. We focus on the recently discovered critical behavior of the rate for large memory friction correlation times. All the relevant critical exponents in different regimes of the strength of the friction are determined, and explicit expressions for the scaling function are obtained. We verify that the universality of exponents and amplitudes is applicable for this model within the PGH approximation. The results are compared with the results for canonical variational transition state theory (CVTST) recently obtained by us. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470628
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Study of the Quantum Activated Barrier Crossing Problem from the Viewpoint of Critical Phenomena (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 2764-2769 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100009a035
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time- and Space-Resolved Studies of the Physics and Chemistry of Liquid Water near a Biologically Relevant Interface (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 7806-7812 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100019a070
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of Liquid Water. 4. The Isothermal Compressibility Minimum near 50°C (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 9263-9267 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100022a047
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The E.C.A. Library, Addis Ababa (1963)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of modern African studies 1 (1963), S. 544-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-278X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
    Notes: Soon after the first session of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa in Addis Ababa in January 1959, a Library was established to serve the needs of the Commission's secretariat. A comprehensive list of all the publications concerning Africa available at the U.N. Headquarters Library in New York was prepared as a basis for the acquisition of material. Lists were also drawn up of the government publications required from each individual country, dating back to 1950 (1958 for annuals and periodicals), and these were obtained from the governments concerned. Constant contact is maintained with them, to keep the collection up to date. Non-government publications were purchased through the Headquarters Library during the first four years. Since 1963, the Library has placed orders through booksellers in each country in Africa, and a few others elsewhere. A full list of booksellers in Africa is now being compiled, and will be published as soon as possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X0000152X
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impairment of Intestinal Mucosal Antioxidant Defense System During Salmonella typhimurium Infection (1998)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 43 (1998), S. 646-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: ANTIOXIDANTS ; INTESTINE ; SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM GLUTATHIONE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The mucosal pathology of Salmonella typhimuriuminfection may in part be due to the excessive productionof reactive oxygen species (ROS). The influence of S.typhimurium infection on the intestinal mucosal antioxidant defense system was investigated. Weinjected ligated rat ileal loops with Salmonella liveculture or toxin. After 18 hr of infection, the animalswere killed and enterocytes isolated from the ileal loops. The enterocyte-reduced glutathione(GSH) content and activities of the enzymes superoxidedismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),catalase, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase (G6PDH) were spectrophotometricallyestimated. The vitamin E and A contents were determinedby high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Inboth the Salmonella live culture and toxin-treatedgroups, the enterocyte GSH and vitamin E contents andactivities of the enzymes SOD, GSH-Px, catalase, GR, andG6PDH were significantly decreased as compared to the control group. However there was asignificant increase in the enterocyte activity of GST.There was no change in the vitamin A content of theenterocytes. These findings might indicate a decreased endogenous intestinal protection against ROS inS. typhimurium-mediated infection, which couldcontribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018887813713
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shigella dysenteriae type 1 toxin induced lipid peroxidation in enterocytes isolated from rabbit ileum (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 178 (1998), S. 169-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; calcium (Ca2+) ; protein kinase C (PKC) ; prostaglandins (PGs) ; superoxide dismutase ; catalase ; glutathione peroxidase ; reduced glutathione
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Shigella dysenteriae 1 toxin (STx) mediated intestinal infection, the ligated rabbit small intestinal loops were injected with STx. The enterocytes isolated from STx treated rabbit ileal loops had a significantly higher level of lipid peroxidation as compared to enterocytes isolated from control rabbit ileum. To study the role of second messengers in STx mediated intestinal damage, the in vivo and in vitro effects of modulators of lipid peroxidation of enterocytes were used. The presence of Ca2+-ionophore A23187 enhanced the extent of lipid peroxidation in enterocytes isolated from the control and STx treated rabbit ileum. However, l-verapamil only marginally decreased the lipid peroxidation level of enterocytes isolated from STx treated rabbit ileum. The in vitro effect of modulators was in agreement with in vivo studies. Dantrolene significantly decreased the extent of lipid peroxidation of enterocytes isolated from STx treated rabbit ileum. PMA significantly increased the lipid peroxidation level of enterocytes isolated from control ileum. However, PMA could not further enhance the lipid peroxidation level of enterocytes isolated from STx treated rabbit ileum. The presence of H-7 significantly decreased the extent of lipid peroxidation of enterocytes isolated from STx treated rabbit ileum. In vitro effect of PMA and H-7 was in agreement with that of in vivo findings. The role of arachidonic acid metabolites, prostaglandins (PGs), in mediating STx induced lipid peroxidation was also studied. The presence of indomethacin (a PG synthesis inhibitor) significantly decreased the lipid peroxidation induced by STx. These findings suggest that lipid peroxidation induced by STx is mediated through cytosolic calcium. The increase in (Ca2+)i leads to activation of PKC. A significant decrease in the enterocyte levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione in STx treated rabbit ileum as compared to control was seen. A significant decrease in vitamin E levels was also observed. This suggests that there is decreased endogenous intestinal protection against ROS in STx mediated intestinal infection which could contribute to enterocyte membrane damage that ultimately leads to changes in membrane permeability and thus to fluid secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006826829687
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Salmonella typhimurium enterotoxin (S-LT) on lipid peroxidation and cell viability levels of isolated rat enterocytes (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 196 (1999), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: enterotocin ; lipid peroxidation ; Salmonella typhimurium ; oxygen free radicals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are potent mediators of inflammatory disorders and may be of pathophysiological importance in S. typhimurium induced tissue damage. This study was carried out to investigate if ROS play a role in mediating the enterocyte damage during in vitro exposure to Salmonella typhimurium enterotoxin (S-LT). The ROS generation was detected by measuring the changes in the enterocyte arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism (measured indirectly by estimating the level of enterocyte damage in the absence and presence of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin) and xanthine oxidase activity. The enterocyte damage was estimated by measuring the changes in the level of lipid peroxidation and cell viability. The results obtained showed that the exposure of isolated rat enterocytes to S-LT resulted in an increased XO activity; an increased arachidonic acid metabolism, dose and time dependent increase in the level of lipid peroxidation and decreased cell viability. Lipid peroxidation decreased and cell viability increased in the presence of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) or catalase. Thus the in vitro exposure of the enterocytes to S-LT is accompanied by an increased generation of ROS which may induce the lipid peroxidation of the enterocyte membrane thereby leading to a loss of cell viability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006996430129
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intestinal mucosal lipid peroxidation and absorptive function In Salmonella typhimurium mediated intestinal infection (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 178 (1998), S. 345-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: Salmonella typhimurium ; brush border membrane ; lipid peroxidation ; free radicals ; antioxidants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract S. typhimurium infection is associated with neutrophil infiltration within the intestinal mucosa. Neutrophil activation provides a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The mucosal pathology of S. typhimurium infection may be in part due to the excessive production of these reactive species. This study was carried out to investigate if ROS play a role in mediating the changes in the structural components and functional properties of brush border membrane (BBM) in rats during S. typhimurium infection. This was done by determining the changes in the BBM extent of lipid peroxidation and absorptive function. A significant increase in the extent of lipid peroxidation of BBM during S. typhimurium infection was observed as judged by malondialdehyde (MDA) and conjugated diene formation and depletion of α-tocopherol and protein associated thiol groups. A significant decrease in the BBMV (brush border membrane vesicle) transport of amino acids was also observed. However there was no change in the transport of D-glucose. The decrease in amino acid transport further led to a significant decrease in the enterocyte level of protein synthesis. Exposure of BBMV to a free radical donor, cumene hydroperoxide, also led to an increase in the extent of lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the amino acid transport. Possibly ROS might play a significant role in mediating the mucosal damage during S. typhimurium infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006891019115
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ab initio molecular orbital calculations on the associated complexes of lithium cyanide with ammonia (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 55 (1995), S. 477-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculations with the 3-21G and 6-31G basis sets are carried out on a series of complexes of NH3 with Li+, C≡N-, LiCN, and its isomer LiNC. The BSSE-corrected interaction energies, geometrical parameters, internal force constants, and harmonic vibrational frequencies are evaluated for 15 species. Complexes with trifurcated (C3v) structures are calculated to be saddle points on the potential energy surfaces and have one imaginary frequency each. Calculated energies, geometrical parameters, internal force constants, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the various species considered are discussed in terms of the nature of association of LiCN with ammonia. The vibrational frequencies of the relevant complexed species are compared with the experimental frequencies reported earlier for solutions of lithium cyanide in liquid ammonia. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.560550606
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