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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunotherapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia by vaccination with autologous leukemic cells transfected with a cDNA expression plasmid coding for an allogeneic HLA class I antigen combined with interleukin-2 treatment (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 76 (1998), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Abbreviations ALL Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; BMT Bone marrow transplantation ; CTL Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes ; IL Interleukin ; MHC Major histocompatibility ; MRD Minimal residual diseaseIntroductionObjective ; The purpose of this protocol is to induce a specific cellular immune reaction after autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) by vaccination with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B13 transfected autologous leukemic cells in children with high-risk relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) will be expanded in vivo by low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2). The expression vector used is the pcDNA3 HLA-B13 plasmid ; driven by a cytomegalovirus promoter. Leukemic cells are transfected by electroporation/ballistomagnetic transfer.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050211
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trace analysis of antimony (III) and antimony (V) by adsorptive stripping voltammetry (1996)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 354 (1996), S. 11-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. A sensitive and selective adsorption stripping voltammetric (AdSV) method for the determination of antimony using chloranilic acid (2,5-dichloro-3,6-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone) as complexing reagent is described. The conditions under which its species of both oxidation states, Sb(III) and Sb(V), can be detected have been established. Sb(III) can be adsorbed onto the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) using an accumulation potential of +100 mV from hydrochloric acid (pH=3.0) solution. Sb(V) can be determined using an accumulation potential of −500 mV in HCl (pH=1.0) solution. The peak potentials in the stripping voltammograms are −400 mV for Sb(III) and −140 mV for antimony (V). The detection limits are 210 ng/L for Sb(III) with 5 min pre-concentration and 560 ng/L for Sb(V) with 10 min pre-concentration. The method is applicable to the trace analysis and speciation of antimony in water samples and phosphoric acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002169600002
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recommendations on the use of colony-stimulating factors in children: conclusions of a European panel (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 955-966 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Granulocyte ; Neutropenia ; Children ; Growth factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During 1996 and 1997 a panel of European haematologists, oncologists, and neonatologists developed specific paediatric guidelines for the use of colony stimulating factors based on published literature and the clinical experience of these specialists within each of 13 countries. Well established indications for use comprise intervention in patients with life-threatening infection, adjunctive therapy post autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT), mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells for autologous BMT, patients with acquired aplastic anaemia on anti-lymphocyte globulin and cyclosporin regimen, and severe congenital neutropenia. Less clear indications include primary prophylaxis to support dose intensification in children with high risk/advanced malignancies, secondary prophylaxis to prevent neutropenia in patients with a history of severe neutropenia, support therapy in cases of poor marrow function following BMT and for deteriorating marrow function following successful BMT, in neonatal sepsis and non infectious neonatal neutropenia, in drug induced neutropenia and in HIV-positive patients. Treatment is generally well tolerated and granulocyte colony stimulating factor appears better tolerated than granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factor. Economically colony stimulating factors have not been shown to induce excessive costs for a given patient. Conclusion In general the adult guidelines are applicable to children but additional considerations (aggressive or very progressive childhood neoplasms, specific indications, neonatal use, congenital disorders) must be taken into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050978
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thick-film graphite electrodes in stripping voltammetry (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 364 (1999), S. 285-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Various types of modified thick-film graphite electrodes are reviewed. Two modification options are available: either in situ modified or beforehand. Electrodes modified in situ by various organic compounds were used for the determination of W, Mo, Cr, Ni and Mn by adsorptive stripping voltammetry. Insoluble inorganic salts, insoluble organic complexes or soluble compounds protected with Nafion were used for modification of the electrode surface beforehand. These pre-conditioned electrodes permit quantification of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Sn, As and Hg ions. The detection limits of these elements were in the sub-μg/L range. The relative standard deviation did not exceed 10–15%. Measurements were made without deaeration of test solutions and normally without destroying small organic matter found in surface waters. A number of characteristics, such as the formation of well-shaped peaks and stable increments of peaks after standard additions, as well as elimination of the mechanical surface regeneration stage and metallic mercury or its soluble salts from the analytical procedure and a long shelf-life of the electrodes make them promising for electroanalysis and for application in portable field instruments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051339
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Speciation of arsenic(V) and arsenic(III) by cathodic stripping voltammetry in fresh water samples (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 358 (1997), S. 741-744 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A voltammetric stripping procedure is described for the determination of arsenic(V) in a mannitol-sulphuric acid medium. The arsenic is coprecipitated with copper and selenium and reduced to arsine at the hanging mercury drop electrode. Using an accumulation time of 240 s, the detection limit is 0.52 μg L–1, the determination limit is 0.9 μg L–1. The method has been applied to the determination of arsenic in water samples. By varying the composition of the supporting electrolyte it is possible to differentiate between arsenic(III) and arsenic(V). As both oxidation states have different toxicological characteristics, the ability to discriminate between both is an distinct advantage of the proposed method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050501
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitive and selective determination of metabolically formed trans-dihydrodiols and phenols of benzo[a]pyrene in water and urine samples by HPLC with amperometric detection (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 360 (1998), S. 95-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A method has been developed to separate hydroxylated metabolites of the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene, i. e. trans-4,5-, 7,8-, 9,10-dihydrodiol and 1-, 3-, 7-, and 9-phenol, by HPLC with amperometric detection employing an isocratic methanol/water eluent (70:30, v/v) containing 0.5 g/L sulfuric acid and 1 g/L lithium perchlorate. Compared with the usually applied fluorescence (λex = 265 nm, λem = 460 nm) and ultraviolet (λ = 265 nm) detection, the amperometric technique is about 2–12 times more sensitive for the determination of all metabolites investigated. The method was applied to the determination of the seven metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene in different water samples and in urine after solid-phase extraction (SPE). The results obtained by HPLC with amperometric detection after SPE enrichment from an aqueous extract of a soil sample and from the urine of a rat intragastrically treated with benzo[a]pyrene agreed well with the values determined with fluorescence and/or UV detection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050649
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modified solid electrodes for stripping voltammetric determination of tin (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 358 (1997), S. 670-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The paper describes the determination of tin by ASV using modified thick film electrodes. Three different types of electrodes were developed: One modified with a mixture of Nafion and mercury(II)acetate, one modified with diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) or pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDC) and mercury(II)acetate, and one modified with calomel. The analyte was accumulated on the electrode surface after special electrochemical pretreatment of the modified electrode. After recording the voltammogram the electrodes were electrochemically regenerated. By virtue of their lifetime and their measurement reproducibility, we preferred the DDC and PDC modified electrodes. They can be used for months without changing their chemical characteristics. The linear range for tin determination with these electrodes is between 1 and 100 μg/L; the detection limit was calculated as 0.9 μg/L. The electrodes were applied to the direct determination of tin in different canned fruit juices without special sample pretreatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050489
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intraokulare Tumoren im Kindesalter (1999)
    Springer
    Der Onkologe 5 (1999), S. 920-928 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0415
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Raumfordernde intraokulare Prozesse sind im Kindesalter ein extrem seltenes Ereignis. Alle bekannten intraokularen Tumoren können auch im Kindesalter auftreten, jedoch ist das Retinoblastom der mit Abstand häufigste maligne Tumor in dieser Altersgruppe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007610050551
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infektion mit Ancylostoma duodenale im Kindesalter (1999)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 15-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Ferntourismus ; Ancylostoma duodenale ; Eosinophilie ; Hypochrome Anämie ; Stuhldiagnostik ; Key words International tourism ; Ancylostoma duodenale ; Eosinophilia ; Hypochromic anemia ; Examination of stool smears
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: Worldwide 400 to 800 Mio people are infected with hookworms. In tropical and subtropical areas an infection with hookworms is the most common reason of eosinophilia and hypochromic anemia. Depending on patients’ weight, age, status of health and nutrition severe medical problems are possible. Case report: In our hospital a 13 year old boy was admitted to clear up an eosinophilia. Atopic, malign, different infectious or drug induced diseases could be excluded. Finally an infection with Ancyclostoma duodenale could be detected in the fourth direct microscopic examination of fecal smears for parasits and worm eggs. A therapy with mebendazole eradicated the hookworm successfully. Discussion: Because of increasing international tourism it is mandatory to include hookworm infections in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilia and hypochromic anemia also in Northern Europe. It must be considered that a sufficient substitution with iron may compensate the anemia and will cover the disease. Therefore sometimes several stool smears have to be examined to detect the infection.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Weltweit sind 400–800 Mio. Menschen mit Hakenwürmern infiziert. In den tropischen/subtropischen Gebieten gehört der Befall zu den häufigsten Ursachen einer Eosinophilie sowie hypochromen Anämie. Abhängig von Gewicht, Alter, Gesundheits- und Ernährungszustand sowie Intensität der Infektion können schwere gesundheitliche Schäden auftreten. Fallbericht: Wir berichten über einen 13jährigen Knaben, der zur Diagnostik einer unklaren Eosinophilie eingewiesen wurde. Als Ursache der Eosinophilie konnten Atopien, maligne und verschiedene infektiöse Erkrankungen sowie medikamentös induzierte Formen ausgeschlossen werden. Erst bei der 4. Untersuchung frischer Stuhlproben auf Parasiten und Wurmeier ließ sich eine Infektion mit Ancylostoma duodenale nachweisen, die erfolgreich mit Mebendazol behandelt wurde. Diskussion: Aufgrund des ansteigenden internationalen Reiseverkehrs muß eine Hakenwurminfektion bei unklarer Eosinophilie und hypochromer Anämie auch in unseren Breiten unbedingt differentialdiagnostisch einbezogen werden. Der Nachweis erfordert häufig mehrere Stuhluntersuchungen. Bei guter Eisenversorgung kann die Anämie kompensiert und das Krankheitsbild maskiert werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050388
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Bedeutung einer präventiven ZNS-Bestrahlung im Rahmen einer antineoplastischen Therapie im Kindesalter hinsichtlich dentogener und mandibulofazialer Spätschäden (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 56 (1995), S. 254-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The aim of the present study was to determine the adverse effects of antineoplastic chemotherapy and radiotherapy on tooth development, i.e. on dentition in general and on craniofacial growth. The patients studied consisted of 26 children with solid tumors treated with chemotherapy alone and 34 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who were treated with intensive and follow on radiation therapy (18 and 24 Gy) to the neurocramum as a constituent of central hervous system prophylactics in treatment protocols for ALL The treatment protocol employed in these children is known as the BFM (Berlin, Frankfurt, Munster) protocol. At the time of diagnosis the children ranged in age from 3 to 52 months. All treated patients had microdontia, enamel dysplasia, thinning and tapering of apical roots portions and marked shortening of the roots. These defects were more pronounced in children treated for ALL, but it was not possible to establish stanstically relevant evidence on the influence of adjuvant radiotherapy in this group. This indicates that there is a catch up in craniofacial growth 9 years after therapy and that the most serious long-term adveise effects are on dentition.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Studie wird untersucht, inwieweit die adjuvante ZNS-Bestrahlung bei Kindern, die antileukämisch mit dem BFM-Protokoll (Berlin, Frankfurt, Münster) behandelt wurden, das kraniofaziale Wchstum und die dentogene Entwicklung beeinflußt. Dazu wurden 26 Kinder mit soliden Tumoren ohne ZNS-Bestrahlung und 34 Patienten mit behandelter akuter lymphoblastischer Leukämic (ALL) und ZNS-Bestrahlung nachuntersucht die beide chemotherapeutisch behandelt wurden. Das Erkrankungsalter beider Patieittengruppen lag zwischen drei und 52 Monaten. Die dentogenen Schäden (Wurzelverkutzung, Wurzelzuspitzung Schmelzhypoplasien) sind bei allen Patienten feststellbar, aber bei den öber längere Zeit behandelten Patienten (ALL) ausgepragter, ohne daß ein Einfluß der adjuvanten Schädelbestrahlung statistisch gesichert werden konnte. Das zunachst bestehende kraniofaziale Wachstumsdefizit kann nach neun Jahren offensichilich wieder antgeholt werden so daß die schwersten Dauerschäden im dentogenen Bereich bestehen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02299666
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