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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 28 (1995), S. 4904-4907 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 182-184 (Feb. 1995), p. 735-738 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords leptin ; leptin receptor ; insulin receptor ; phosphatidylinositol kinase ; janus kinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have recently shown that leptin mimicks insulin effects on glucose transport and glycogen synthesis through a phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI) kinase dependent pathway in C2C12 myotubes. The aim of the present study was to identify the signalling path from the leptin receptor to the PI-3 kinase. We stimulated C2C12 myotubes with insulin (100 nmol/l, 5 min) or leptin (0.62 nmol/l, 10 min) and determined PI-3 kinase activity in immunoprecipitates with specific non-crossreacting antibodies against insulin-receptor substrate (IRS 1/IRS 2) and against janus kinase (JAK 1 and JAK 2). While insulin-stimulated PI-3 kinase activity is detected in IRS-1 and IRS-2 immunoprecipitates, leptin-stimulated PI-3 kinase activity is found only in IRS-2 immunoprecipitates, suggesting that the leptin signal to PI-3 kinase occurs via IRS-2 and not IRS-1. Leptin-, but not insulin-stimulated PI-3 kinase activity is also detected in immunoprecipitates with antibodies against JAK-2, but not JAK-1. The data suggest that JAK-2 and IRS-2 couple the leptin signalling pathway to the insulin signalling chain. Since we have also detected leptin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK-2 and IRS-2 in C2C12 myotubes it can be assumed that leptin activates JAK-2 which induces tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-2 leading to activation of PI-3 kinase. As we could not detect the long leptin receptor isoform in C2C12 myotubes we conclude that this signalling pathway is activated by a short leptin receptor isoform. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 1358–1362]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin resistance ; Type II diabetes ; obesity ; peroxisome proliferator activated receptors ; Pro 12 Ala mutation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Recently a mutation in the coding sequence of the adipocyte specific isoform peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2) was described, leading to the substitution of Proline to Alanine at codon 12. Mutations in PPARγ2 could have a role in people who are at increased risk for the development of obesity and Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Methods. Non-diabetic first-degree relatives (n = 108) of subjects with Type II diabetes were characterized by oral glucose tolerance tests and euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic glucose clamp to determine insulin sensitivity. Results. We found 75 (69 %) probands without the PPARγ ProAla12 substitution, 28 heterozygotes (26 %) and 5 (4 %) homozygotes. When the whole group was analysed for an association between the mutation and insulin sensitivity, no statistical significance could be shown. Only in the group with severe obesity more than 30 kg/m2, an association (p = 0.016) of the polymorphism with an increase in insulin sensitivity was found. Conclusion/interpretation. These observations suggest that the mutation in the PPARγ2 molecule may have a role in subgroups prone to the development of obesity and Type II diabetes. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 758–762]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Eigenblut ; Vollblut ; Leukozytendepletion ; Lagerungsqualität ; Key words Autologous blood donations ; Whole blood ; Leukocyte depletion ; Storage quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Background: According to the German Guidelines for Hemotherapy, preoperative autologous blood donations can be stored and transfused as whole blood. In contrast to the storage of blood components, however, storage of whole blood results in deterioration of the biological quality due to contamination with leukocytes and platelets. In this study we examined the influence of prestorage leukocyte depletion on the quality of filtered whole blood donations during storage. Material and Methods: Whole blood was donated by healthy volunteers (n=14, 500ml, 70 ml CPDA-1) and was filtered using an integrated whole blood filter system (Leukotrap A1, Fa. Pall, Dreieich, Germany). The leukocyte-depleted whole blood units were then stored for up to 49 days. Several hematological and biochemical parameters indicative of the quality of blood donations were determined during storage. Results: Our data indicate a quality of leukocyte-depleted whole blood donations comparable to buffy-coat-free red blood cell units. Conclusions: The Leukotrap A1 whole blood filter system is an interesting option for hospitals lacking the technical capacity to separate whole blood into components. The clinical suitability remains to be investigated by means of clinical studies.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Gemäß den Richtlinien zur Hämotherapie kann präoperativ gespendetes Eigenblut auch als Vollblut gelagert und transfundiert werden. Im Vergleich zu den Komponenten kommt es bei Vollblut jedoch zu einer stärkeren qualitativen Minderung während der Lagerung. Dies wird hauptsächlich auf die Kontamination mit Leukozyten und Thrombozyten zurückgeführt. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde deshalb untersucht, welchen Einfluß die Filtration von Vollblut vor Lagerung auf die Qualität der Konserve hat. Methodik: Vollblut von gesunden Dauerspendern (n=14, 500 ml, 70 ml CPDA-1) wurde über einen setintegrierten Vollblutfilter (Leukotrap A1, Fa. Pall, Dreieich) gefiltert und über die Lagergrenze von 35 Tagen hinaus bis 49 Tage gelagert. Die Qualität der Vollblutkonserven wurde anhand hämatologischer und biochemischer Parameter zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten der Lagerung bestimmt. Ergebnisse: Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die Qualität von gefiltertem Vollblut der von Buffy-coat-freien Erythrozytenkonzentraten vergleichbar ist. Schlußfolgerung: Krankenhäuser ohne Möglichkeit zur Komponentenherstellung steht mit dem Leukotrap A1-Vollblutfiltersystem in der Eigenbluttherapie eine interessante Option zur Verfügung, deren klinische Eignung im Rahmen von Studien überprüft werden sollte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Allium sativum ; Methyl bromide ; Photosynthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The production of certified garlic propagation material requires measures to be taken against pathogenic nematodes. Methyl bromide (MB) may be used for this purpose, but is known to cause stunting in Allium spp. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungal inoculum was applied to the planting furrow after MB treatment. VAM-inoculated plants were larger, had more green leaves, an increased photosynthesis rate, especially at low light intensities, and higher fresh and dry weights than plants in uninoculated plots. The mean bulb weights from uninoculated and VAM-treated plots were 27 g and 51 g respectively. The native or an improved VAM population should be reintroduced after soil disinfection to ensure satisfactory garlic yields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an autosomal dominantly inherited neuromuscular disorder affecting facial and shoulder girdle muscles with subsequent progression to the pelvic girdle and lower extremities. The major gene involved has been localized to chromosome 4q35 (FSHD1A). The 4q35 DNA marker p13E-11 (D4F104S1) detects a de novo EcoRI DNA rearrangement of 〈 30 kb in isolated and familial cases. The intrafamilial size of the fragment is constant, inversely correlated with the severity, and directly correlated with the age of onset of the condition. There has been evidence of parental mosaicism in FSHD1A for the D4F104S1 locus. Four female and three male clinically unaffected parents have been described to be carriers of EcoRI fragments of the same size as their affected offspring, but with a markedly less intensive hybridization signal (semi-quantitative evidence). In our total sample of 42 FSHD1A families, we found semi-quantitative evidence of parental D4F104S1 mosaicism in 11 families (EcoRI fragment size range: 12–27 kb). On analysis with adjacent 4q35 probes (D4S163, D4S139), additional qualitative evidence of germline mosaicism could be obtained in two families. In our mosaic families and in the families reported in the literature, a female predominance of mosaicism carriers (13 females versus 5 males) could be noted. In our sample, mosaicism was observed in multigeneration families, in families with isolated cases, and in families with two and three affected children from seemingly unaffected parents. A short EcoRI fragment once having emerged in a mosaicism carrier was found to be transmitted autosomal dominantly to subsequent generations. Of all reported sporadic patients, 19% have a mosaic parent. Finding evidence of parental mosaicism in all our families with more than one affected child of seemingly unaffected parents suggests that there is no autosomal recessively inherited form of FSHD1A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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