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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: correlation with orthostatic intolerance (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 578-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Autonomic dysfunction ; Orthostatic intolerance ; Sympathetic nervous system ; Power spectrum analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Autonomic dysfunction is frequently observed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but clinical studies disagree on the frequency and type of abnormalities in autonomic function tests. Orthostatic dizziness (OD) has been reported in up to 49% of patients, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood. This study investigated cardiovascular reflex tests and their association with OD in patients with MS in order to examine the hypothesis that the sympathetic nervous system is specifically involved in these patients. Forty patients with clinically active relapsing-remitting (n = 27) and secondary progressive MS (n = 13), aged 35.0 ± 8.5 years, were studied by parasympathetic (heart rate responses to the Valsalva maneuver, deep breathing, and active change in posture) and sympathetic function tests (blood pressure responses to active change in posture and sustained handgrip), and by spectral analysis of heart rate variability during rest and during standing. Results were compared to those obtained in 24 healthy volunteers, aged 29.4 ± 7.2 years. A standardized questionnaire was used to evaluate symptoms of orthostatic intolerance. Abnormal responses on at least one cardiovascular reflex test were observed in 40% of MS patients, compared to 17% of the control group, with a statistically significant involvement of the sympathetic vasomotor system. Orthostatic intolerance was reported in 50% of patients (controls: 14%, P 〈 0.006). Subgroup comparison of patients with and without OD suggests that orthostatic intolerance results from impaired sympathetic vasoconstriction. These results provide further evidence that the sympathetic nervous system is involved in patients with MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050407
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depression in Parkinson’s disease: brainstem midline alteration on transcranial sonography and magnetic resonance imaging (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 1186-1193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Parkinson’s disease ; Depression ; Brainstem midline ; changes ; Transcranial sonography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies using transcranial sonography (TCS) have provided evidence of alterations in the mesencephalic midline structures in patients with unipolar depression and depression in Parkinson’s disease (PD), suggesting an involvement of the basal limbic system in primary and secondary mood disorders. This study tested the hypothesis of brainstem midline abnormality in depression and investigated 31 PD patients by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and TCS. Signal intensity of the pontine and mesencephalic brainstem midline was rated on T2-weighted images and measured by relaxometry. In addition, two blinded investigators assessed the echogenicity of the brainstem midline by TCS. The severity of motor symptoms and depression were graded independently using standard research scales. Rating of signal intensity and T2 relaxometry of the pontomesencephalic midline structures revealed significant difference between depressed and nondepressed PD patients (P 〈 0.05). This corresponded to a significant reduction in mesencephalic midline echogenicity of depressed PD patients on TCS images. No correlation was found between raphe signal intensity, T2 relaxation times, or TCS echogenicity and the severity of motor symptoms or depression. This study is the first to show changes in signal intensity and T2 relaxation time of the pontomesencephalic midline structures on MRI in depressed PD patients confirming previous TCS findings. As these midline structures comprise fiber tracts and nuclei of the basal limbic system, the findings may support the hypothesis of an alteration in the basal limbic system in mood disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050541
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial DNA mutations in multiple symmetric lipomatosis (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 174 (1997), S. 271-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: multiple symmetric lipomatosis ; mitochondrial DNA ; MERRF
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL) is a rare disorder of middle life characterized by large subcutaneous fat masses around the neck, shoulders and other parts of the trunk. Peripheral neuropathy is a common finding in these predominantly male patients. Employing electrophysiological measures, we found additional signs of central nervous system involvement in a majority of patients. Etiologically, there is an association with mitochondrial dysfunction. In muscle biopsy, we found ragged red fibers in 8 of 12 patients. Molecular genetic analysis revealed multiple deletions of mitochondrial DNA in one patient and the MERRF mutation at nucleotide 8344 in another. In this review, we summarize our clinical, electrophysiological morphological, biochemical and molecular genetic findings in 17 MSL patients, and give a survey of the literature. (Mol Cell Biochem 174: 271–275, 1997)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006877012241
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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