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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 383 (1998), S. 397-401 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Rectal cancer ; Surgery ; Coloanal anastomosis ; Postoperative function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nowadays surgery offers a complete spectrum of techniques for the treatment of rectal cancers. Progress in preoperative diagnostic techniques, especially in endoluminal ultrasound, and in the knowledge of anorectal physiology allows the surgeon to adopt a very individual strategy for the various tumor types. The situation has changed even for tumors of the middle and distal thirds of the rectum, which formerly were treated predominantly by abdominoperineal exstirpation. These can also be treated by sphincter-preserving techniques, the most ambitious of which is intersphincteric resection with coloanal anastomosis. Our experience shows that this method is not only comparable to the alternatives of conventional anterior resection and extirpation in terms of postoperative morbidity and mortality but also achieves excellent oncological results. Of course, anorectal function is significantly altered by this type of surgery. Still, after an adaptive period of about 6–12 months a very satisfactory functional result is reached. Further functional improvement, especially in the early postoperative period, can possibly be expected from reconstruction with creation of a colon pouch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 69 (1998), S. 1291-1291 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Collagen I ; Collagen III ; Hernia ; Fascia transversalis ; Surgical mesh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to substantiate the hypothesis as to whether an altered metabolism of type I and type III collagen should be included as pathophysiological considerations of inguinal hernia development or not. Therefore, fascia transversalis derived from patients with indirect hernias (n=9), direct hernias (n=7) and from controls (n=7) were investigated both by immunohistochemistry and protein analysis (Western Blot). Both immunohistochemical analysis and Western Blot analysis showed that the ratio of the relative amounts of type I to type III collagen was significantly decreased in the fascia transversalis of patients with indirect and direct inguinal hernias compared with controls (p〈0.001). The relative reduction of the collagen I/III ratio may be explained by a concomitant increase in collagen type III synthesis in both hernia-families. In contrast to the control group there was no significant difference between patients with direct and indirect hernia. It is concluded that the change in collagen type I / III ratio, with the resulting altered physical properties, might essentially predispose individuals to the development of inguinal hernia. Thus, an altered collagen metabolism would provide an additional theoretical basis for the use of alloplastic materials, such as surgical meshes, and an explanation for the disappointing high recurrence rates after appropriate primary hernia repair, particularly if mesh-free techniques have been used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Incisional hernia ; Marlex mesh ; Abdominal wall compliance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In view of the poor results of suturing techniques, incisional hernias are often best repaired with biomaterials. Their use brings the recurrence rate to below 10%, but patients sometimes complain of discomfort and restricted abdominal mobility. We report our experience with 41 patients after implantation of a Marlex®-mesh in a preperitoneal, retromuscular position (mean follow-up period 16.7 months). The effect of implanted meshes on abdominal wall mobility was measured noninvasively with the aid of three dimensional stereography and compared with a non-operated healthy control group (n = 21). The commonest early postoperative complication was seroma in 32% of cases, usually relieved by aspiration. Infection and hematoma were less frequent at 4.9% and 12.2% respectively. Three patients developed a recurrent hernia. During follow-up 7.3% experienced pain during heavy activities, 29.3% during daily activities and 4.9% at rest. Three dimensional stereography showed a highly significant (p 〈 0.001) decrease in abdominal wall mobility following mesh implantation, compared to a non-operated control group. Improved composition of the mesh material involving a smaller proportion of polypropylene and greater elasticity, should be considered for the future, in order to reduce patient discomfort.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Contralateral hernia ; Children ; Incidence ; Predisposing disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is impossible to determine whether or not a child will develop a contralateral hernia after inguinal hernia repair. There exists no risk score for the occurrence of a contralateral hernia. This well-known fact prompted us to perform the underlying study. In a retrospective trial, we reviewed the files of all children operated on for inguinal hernias in our department from January 1986 until December 1994. During this period, we performed 1721 hernia repairs on 1708 children aged 0–16 years. In 96 (5.6%) of these patients, the indication to operate was a contralateral hernia following previous unilateral repair. Comparison of the ages at the time of primary inguinal repair of those children who developed a contralateral hernia (n=96) and those who did not (n=1612) showed a significantly increased incidence of contralateral hernias if the primary operation was performed before the age of two months (p〈0.0001). Diseases predisposing to hernias were found in 38% of all children (prematurity, dystrophia, ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, ascites, asthma). The authors recommend a contralateral exploration for children under the age of two months if they have any predisposing disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Femoral hernia in childhood ; Sonography ; Operative technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Between 1986 and 1997, 1,970 children up to the age of 15 were operated for inguinal hernia at the University Surgical Clinic of the RWTH Aachen. During this period, we operated on 6 children for femoral hernia (0.3% of the total number of hernia operations). A preceding inguinal hernia appeared to favor femoral hernia in childhood. In our view, preoperative diagnostic examination of children using sonography is an absolute requirement. Our surgical method consisted of closing the hernial orifice using a continuous double-row suture. The success of our surgical approach has been confirmed by non-recurrence of the complaint.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 21 (1995), S. 584-589 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Ketamine ; Gastrointestinal motility ; Pain, post-operative ; Critical care
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective The purpose of this trial was to clarify the effets of intravenous ketamine at anaesthetic and sub-anaesthetic dosages on gastrointestinal motility. Design 20 beagles (group 1: 3 mg/ketamine/kg/h,n=10; group 2: 30 mg ketamine/kg/h,n=10), were investigated. Gastric emptying (nuclide gastric emptying studies, liquid and semi-solid test meal), intestinal transit time (Hydrogen breath test with lactulose) and intestinal motor function (perfusion manometry with 8 measuring ports) were determned. As a control condition, the tests were performed on all dogs in the two groups during infusion of physiological saline solution. Results No significant differences in the motility patterns were present between 3 mg ketamine/kg/h and the control condition. For group 2, a moderately significant (p〈0.05) increase in the interdigestive motility index was observed for 30 mg k ketamine/kg/h. However, this did not change the transit criteria. There was no significant difference between ketamine and control condition tests with regard to cycle and phase lengths or the propagation rate of the activity front. Conclusions We conclude that ketamine provokes no basic changes in gastrointestinal motility, at either sub-anaesthetic doses. It can there-fore be used to advantage in the continuous postoperative analgesia of intensive care patients, where repeated interventions are necessary and no cardiopulmonary contraindications are present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 10 (1995), S. 142-147 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons controlé l'évolution d'anastomose mécanique iléo-anale d'une poche en J avec résection intersphinctérienne de la zone de transition du canal chez 83 patients consécutifs porteurs d'une colite ulcéro-hémorragique (n=71) ou d'une polypose adénomateuse familiale (n=12). Aucune mortalité post-operératoire n'est à déplorer. Deux patients (2,4%) nécessitèrent une iléostomie permanente en raison des manifestations d'une maladie de Crohn non soupçonnée. Les complications postopératoires majeures ont été constituées par une infection pelvienne, un lâchage d'anastomose et une pancréatite avec des incidences de 3,6% pou chacune d'elles. La fréquence des exonérations et le degré de continence se sont amélirés avec le temps. Deux ans après le rétablissement de la continuité iléale, 45 patients porteurs d'une colite ulcéro-hémorragique et 12 porteurs d'une polypose familiale ont été contrôlés avec des fréquences d'exonération respectivement de 5,6±2 et 3,2±1 par 24 h (P〈0.05). Lors du contrôle, aucun patient ne présentait d'incontinence majeure diurne ou nocturne. Des incontinences mineures sont retrouvées de jour chez 9% et de nuit chez 14% des sujets opérés pour une colite ulcéro-hémorragique. Des patients porteurs d'une polypose familiale présente de meilleurs résultats sans fuite diurne et des fuites nocturnes intermittentes chez seulement 9%. On conclut de cette étude que l'anastomose directe iléo-anale avec poche en J est un procédé donnant d'excellents résultats fonctionnels chez des patients porteurs d'une colite ulcéro-hémorragique ou d'une polypose familiale.
    Notes: Abstract We assessed the outcome of stapled ileal J-pouch-anal anastomosis with intersphincteric resection of the anal transition zone in 83 consecutive patients with ulcerative colitis (n=71) or familial adenomatous polyposis (n=12). There was no postoperative mortality. Two patients (2.4%) required permanent ileostomy for manifestation of unsuspected Crohn's disease. Major postoperative complications consisted of pelvic sepsis, anastomotic leakage, and pancreatitis with 3.6% each. Both, frequency of bowel movements and degree of continence improved with time. Two years after takedown of the diverting ileostomy 45 patients with ulcerative colitis and 12 with familial adenomatous polyposis were assessed with a frequency of bowel movements of 5.6±2 and 3.2±1 per 24 h, respectively (P〈0.05). At this time none of them had major daytime or nighttime incontinence. Minor incontinence was reported by 9% and 14% of the patients with ulcerative colitis during day-time and night-time, respectively. The patients with familial adenomatous polyposis demonstrated better results, without day-time seepage and intermittent nocturnal seepage in only 9%. It is concluded that direct ileal J-pouch-anal anastomosis is a safe procedure with excellent functional results for patients with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 70 (1999), S. 845-846 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 70 (1999), S. 876-887 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Mesh ; Hernia ; Collagen metabolism ; Wound contraction. ; Schlüsselwörter: Mesh ; Hernie ; Kollagenmetabolismus ; Wundkontraktion.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Angesichts einer deutlichen Senkung der Rezidivrate erfährt die Verstärkung der Bauchwand mit alloplastischen Materialien, den sogenannten Meshes, eine zunehmende Verbreitung in der Therapie der Narbenhernien. Da die Wiederholung des primär versagenden Verfahrens bei über der Hälfte der Patienten zum Rezidivbruch führt, ist die rationale Grundlage der chirurgischen Mesh-Therapie die Notwendigkeit eines Verfahrenswechsels, insbesondere unter Berücksichtigung eines möglichen zugrundeliegenden Defekts im Kollagenmetabolismus. Nach über 100 Jahren der Mesh-Entwicklung werden diese vorwiegend in Sublay- oder Onlay-Position plaziert, zum Einsatz kommen überwiegend ePTFE, Polyester oder Polypropylen. Stets muß wegen der obligaten Wundkontraktion eine ausreichende Überlappung angestrebt werden. Auf der Grundlage eigener Erfahrungen und der Literatur werden die jeweiligen Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Mesh-Techniken und -Materialien diskutiert. Dabei ist das kumulative Risiko für die Entstehung von Langzeitkomplikationen, wie Mesh-Wanderung, Fistelbildung, das Ausmaß Mesh-bedingter Beschwerden oder das potentielle Risiko einer persistierenden Fremdkörperentzündung wegen fehlender Langzeitstudien bislang nicht abschätzbar. Insgesamt stellen jedoch angesichts fehlender therapeutischer Alternativen die Meshes einen nicht zu unterschätzenden Fortschritt in der Hernienchirurgie dar.
    Notes: Summary. The marked reduction in recurrence rates following reinforcement of the abdominal wall by meshes in incisional hernia has promoted their increasingly widespread use. The primary suture in technique failed more than half of the cases; therefore, the closure method needs to be changed and improved, particularly with regard to a possibly underlying defect in collagen metabolism. After more than 100 years of mesh development they are mainly placed in a sublay or onlay position, ePTFE, polyester and polypropylene are preferred. In any case the mesh has to overlap the defect sufficiently because of wound contraction. On the basis of our experience and reports in the literature, the advantages and disadvantages of various mesh techniques and mesh materials are discussed. However, because long-term studies are missing, the relevance of the cumulative risk for long-term complications such as mesh migration and fistula formation, the extent of patient complaints or the potential risk of a persistent foreign-body reaction cannot yet be ascertained. Nevertheless, because there are no surgical alternatives, meshes represent an improvement in hernia surgery that cannot be overestimated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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