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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schizophrenie ; Magnetencephalographie ; Akustisch-evozierte Felder ; Geschlechtsunterschiede ; Hemisphärenasymmetrie ; Key words Schizophrenia ; Magnetoencephalography ; Acoustically evoked fields ; Gender differences ; Hemispheric asymmetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In this magnetoencephalography study the issue of hemispheric lateralisation in patients with schizophrenia was addressed using acoustically evoked neuromagnetic fields. The characteristics of dipoles in the superior temporal gyrus, the primary auditory cortex, were calculated. In contrast to other studies, alterations did not concern the localisation, but rather the orientation of dipoles. Of pathophysiological interest was that the dipoles abnormalities were found left-hemispherically in male (p=0.02) and right-hemispherically in female patients with schizophrenia (p=0.01) when compared to controls. The findings suggest gender-specific alterations of hemispheric lateralisation in schizophrenia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In dieser Magnetenzephalographiestudie wurde die Frage der Hemisphärenlateralisation bei Patienten mit einer Schizophrenie mittels akustisch evozierter neuromagnetischer Felder untersucht und die Charakteristika von Dipolen berechnet, die im Bereich des Gyrus temporalis superior, dem primären Hörkortex, entstehen. Im Gegensatz zu Vorbefunden betrafen die Alterationen weniger die Dipollokalisation als vielmehr die Dipolorientierung. Pathophysiologisch aufschlußreich war, daß die Dipolabweichungen im Vergleich zu Kontrollen bei männlichen Schizophrenen linkshemisphärisch (p=0,02), bei weiblichen Schizophrenen rechtshemisphärisch (p=0,01) nachweisbar waren. Dieses Ergebnis spricht für geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede der Hemisphärenlateralisation bei Schizophrenien.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Key words31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Depression ; Frontal lobe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Most research with 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) in affective disorders has been done in the field of bipolar disturbances. Reduced frontal and temporal lobe phosphomonoester (PME) concentrations were measured in the euthymic state, whereas increased values were found in the depressed state. In bipolar-II patients reduced phosphocreatine (PCr) concentrations were reported in the euthymic, depressed, and manic state. The aim of the present study was to explore whether PME and PCr were also altered in the frontal lobe of major depressed, unipolar patients. Therefore, we used 31P-MRS to investigate the relative phospholipid and high-energy phosphate concentrations in the frontal lobe of 14 unipolar patients, mostly medicated, and 8 age-matched controls. We found increased PME and decreased ATP values. Other 31P-MRS parameters were not different in both groups. Phosphomonoester percentages correlated negatively with the degree of depression. Thus, the main alterations found in bipolar depressed patients could also be demonstrated in unipolar depressed patients. The results are discussed with regard to disturbed phospholipid and intracellular high-energy phosphate metabolism in depressed patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 103 (1996), S. 217-245 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Brofaromine ; reversible and selective inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (type A) ; pharmacology ; clinical trials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antidepressant activity of monoamine oxidase inhibitors has been well established for 30 years. Nevertheless, this group of compounds was handled with great care, mainly because of the interaction potential with tyramine-containing foodstuff. With the discovery of reversible and selective inhibitors of monoamine oxidase type A a renaissance of these compounds has begun. In this paper one of these new substances — brofaromine — will be described in detail. Biochemical and pharmacological aspects will be reviewed, showing that brofaromine is a selective and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A with additional serotonin reuptake inhibiting properties. Both mechanisms of action may synergize in the antidepressant effect of the compound. The main results of clinical trials in depression and other indication areas will also be covered. Special attention will be put on the side effect profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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