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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Only limited effects of aminoguanidine treatment on peripheral nerve function, (Na+,K+)-ATPase activity and thrombomodulin expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 743-747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Experimental diabetic neuropathy ; aminoguanidine ; insulin ; nerve conduction velocity ; (Na+ ; K+)-ATPase activity ; thrombomodulinIntroduction.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Aminoguanidine, a potent anti-glycation reagent, is known to be beneficial in experimental diabetic neuropathy. In this study, we explored the mechanisms of how aminoguanidine inhibits neuropathic changes in diabetes and compared its effects with those of insulin treatment. Methods. Wistar rats, aged 8 weeks, were made diabetic by streptozotocin and given aminoguanidine dissolved in drinking water (1 g/l) for 8 weeks. Effects of daily insulin (protamine-zinc) treatment were also examined for comparison. At the end of the 8 weeks, we examined the peripheral nerve function and (Na+,K+)-ATPase activity and their relation to serum thrombomodulin concentrations that are considered as a marker of endothelial injury. Results. Aminoguanidine treatment reduced the diabetes-induced decrease in tibial nerve conduction velocity by 47 % (p 〈 0.05 vs untreated diabetic rats) and inhibited the loss of sciatic nerve (Na+,K+)-ATPase activity by 54 % (p 〈 0.05 vs untreated diabetic rats). Insulin-treatment of diabetic rats restored these variables by 83 % and 75 %, respectively (both, p 〈 0.01 vs untreated diabetic rats). Thrombomodulin concentrations were increased (p 〈 0.01) in diabetic rats compared with those in non-diabetic controls and unaffected by aminoguanidine treatment. In contrast, the concentrations remained within the normal range in the insulin-treated group. Conclusion/interpretation. Although aminoguanidine treatment improved nerve conduction velocity and (Na+,K+)-ATPase activity, its effects were considerably less than those of insulin and were not apparent in some measures of endothelial cell injury. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 743–747]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051223
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of development of peripheral neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with N-acetylcysteine (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 263-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords N-acetylcysteine ; glutathione ; tumour necrosis factor α ; diabetic neuropathy ; motor nerve conduction velocity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, a free radical scavenger and an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF). Because these functions might be beneficial in diabetic complications, in this study we examined whether NAC inhibits peripheral neuropathy. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was significantly decreased in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic Wistar rats compared to control rats. Oral administration of NAC reduced the decline of MNCV in diabetic rats. Structural analysis of the sural nerve disclosed significant reduction of fibres undergoing myelin wrinkling and inhibition of myelinated fibre atrophy in NAC-treated diabetic rats. NAC treatment had no effect on blood glucose levels or on the nerve glucose, sorbitol and cAMP contents, whereas it corrected the decreased GSH levels in erythrocytes, the increased lipid peroxide levels in plasma and the increased lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF activity in sera of diabetic rats. Thus, NAC inhibited the development of functional and structural abnormalities of the peripheral nerve in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 263–269]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418340
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of development of peripheral neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with N-acetylcysteine (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 263-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: N-acetylcysteine ; glutathione ; tumour necrosis factor α ; diabetic neuropathy ; motor nerve conduction velocity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, a free radical scavenger and an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF). Because these functions might be beneficial in diabetic complications, in this study we examined whether NAC inhibits peripheral neuropathy. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was significantly decreased in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic Wistar rats compared to control rats. Oral administration of NAC reduced the decline of MNCV in diabetic rats. Structural analysis of the sural nerve disclosed significant reduction of fibres undergoing myelin wrinkling and inhibition of myelinated fibre atrophy in NAC-treated diabetic rats. NAC treatment had no effect on blood glucose levels or on the nerve glucose, sorbitol and cAMP contents, whereas it corrected the decreased GSH levels in erythrocytes, the increased lipid peroxide levels in plasma and the increased lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF activity in sera of diabetic rats. Thus, NAC inhibited the development of functional and structural abnormalities of the peripheral nerve in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418340
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppressive effect of tetraprenylacetone on gastric atrophy induced by short-term administration of N-methyl-N′-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine in rats (1997)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Several studies have been reported on the effects of various therapeutic agents in enhancing or suppressing the carcinogenic activity of N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). However, it is still unknown whether a mucosal protective agent could suppress its carcinogenic activity.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Twenty-five Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: group 1, MNNG alone; group 2, MNNG + tetraprenylacetone; group 3, control; group 4, tetraprenylacetone alone. MNNG 100 mg/mL was freely given to groups 1 and 2, and tetraprenylacetone (200 mg/kg intraperitoneal) was additionally administered every other day to the rats in groups 2 and 4. The animals were sacrificed at 10 weeks and the gastric mucosa examined.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Atrophic changes were observed in the antrum after 8 weeks of oral administration of MNNG. Furthermore, using immunohistological analysis with 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU), the proliferative zone was found to be enlarged and shifted upward, although the BrdU labelling index of the proliferative zone was unaltered. Intraperitoneal administration of tetraprenylacetone every other day suppressed the MNNG-induced atrophic change and the alterations proliferative markers. Tetraprenylacetone alone did not have an effect either on morphological or proliferative markers.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:These observations suggest that gastric mucosal defensive factors may play critical roles in suppressing atrophic change inducing carcinogenesis by an exogenic carcinogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.00162.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metastatic cancer involving pancreatic duct epithelium and its mimicry of primary pancreatic cancer (1997)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 30 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We investigated 47 autopsy cases of metastatic cancer involving the pancreas. Metastatic disease in nine cases involved the pancreatic duct epithelium. In two cases, metastatic cancer cells showed Pagetoid features. In three cases, pancreatic metastatic disease showed solitary proliferation with focal in situ carcinoma-like lesions mimicking primary pancreatic cancers. Each of these three cases had primary lung adenocarcinomas. Serial sections revealed abrupt borders between the in situ carcinoma-like lesions and the non-cancerous epithelium. Primary pancreatic cancers did not show Pagetoid features or abrupt borders between the cancerous and non-cancerous epithelium. We conclude that the possible diagnosis of pancreatic metastasis should be carefully ruled out in the histological detection of latent primary pancreatic cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1997.d01-604.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure and immuno-cytochemistry of BHK-21 cells infected with a modified Bucyrus strain of equine arteritis virus (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 140 (1995), S. 1173-1180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphogenesis of a modified Bucyrus strain of equine arteritis virus (EAV) in BHK-21 cells was studied. Bacillary tubules were first detected in the cytoplasm 8 h after infection, and mature virions 79 to 122 nm in diameter, 101 nm on average, were mostly observed in the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) at 12 h or later. They had isometrical cores and morphological subunits in the outer layer. Budding occurred from the RER and the outer nuclear membrane, but not from the cell surface. Structural linkage was detected between the tubule and the virus core. Aberrant strands were occasionally demonstrated within the nucleus 12 h after infection, and immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling revealed viral antigen also in the nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01322744
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of equine arteritis virus (EAV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and differentiation of EAV strains by restriction enzyme analysis of PCR products (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 140 (1995), S. 1483-1491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay capable of detecting and differentiating seven strains of equine arteritis virus (EAV) from around the world was developed. The primers for the PCR were chosen from the ORF 6 gene encoding the unglycosylated membrane protein (M). Viral RNA from cell culture fluids infected with each of the seven EAV strains and RNA from the live vaccine, Arvac, was detected by PCR using four sets of primers. The sensitivity of detection was increased from 100 to 1000 times by performing nested PCR enabling the detection of RNA at a level of 0.5–5 PFU. Differentiation among the virus strains and the live vaccine was achieved by cutting the PCR-amplified products from three sets of primers with six restriction endonucleases. Using this procedure it was possible to distinguish among the seven EAV strains used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01322675
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