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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 1457-1462 
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Atmospheric composition and structure (aerosols and particles, cloud physics and chemistry) ; Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (mesoscale meteorology)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are often observed in the Kiruna region in northern Sweden, east of the Scandinavian mountain range, during wintertime. PSC occurrence can be detected by ground-based optical instruments. Most of these require clear tropospheric weather. By applying the zenith-sky colour index technique, which works under most weather conditions, the data availability can be extended. The observations suggest that PSC events, especially of type II (water PSCs) may indeed more common than predicted by synoptic models, which is expected because of the frequent presence of mountain-induced leewaves. However, it will be of importance to increase the density of independent observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Brainstem ; Mechanosensory system ; Otavolateral efferents ; Teleost ; Tract-tracing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The efferent neurons of the lateral line system of the euteleost Aplocheilus lineatus and the osteoglossomorph Pantodon buchholzi, both surface feeding fish, were examined by neuronal tract tracing. Besides horseradish peroxidase, fluorescent dextrans were used as tracers to allow simultaneus visualization of projections from different lateral line branches. Labeled efferent neurons were found in nuclei situated in the medulla ventral of ventricle IV. This position resembles the octavolateralis efferent nucleus of previous studies. The number of labeled cells in the efferent nucleus is low in both species. Most neurons were found ipsilaterally to the application site, some along the midline and only very few contralaterally. The size of efferent cells differs distinctly between Aplocheilus, possessing small cellbodies (length 16.5 μm), and Pantodon, which has very large efferent cells (length 47.0 μm). Efferent axon bundles course rostrally in both species, leaving the brain at the level of the anterior lateral line nerve. Only Aplocheilus has in addition lateral axon bundles leaving the brain at the level of the posterior lateral line nerve. After application of one fluorescent tracer to the lateral ramus and a different fluorescent tracer to the superficial ophtalmic ramus in a given animal, double-labeling of efferent cells hardly ever occurs. If the neuromasts I and IV of the dorsal skull of Pantodon are applied with one fluorescent tracer each, ∼10% of centrally labeled cells are double-labeled. Considering the results of double-labeling, the concept of a differential innervation of lateral line branches is supported and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 42.62.-b; 42.65.Re; 81.65.Cf
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Recently, it has been proven that femtosecond lasers are ideal tools for the microstructuring of solid targets. Since thermal and mechanical influences are minimized, diffraction-limited structures can be generated in the far field. The diffraction limit can be overcome when one works in the near field. In this paper, concrete applications and new developments in both regimes are highlighted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) catalyzes the condensation of two identical substrate molecules, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), in an asymmetric manner to form porphobilinogen. E. coli PBGS is an homooctameric enzyme. The number of active sites is not clear, but each subunit binds one ZnII ion and one MgII ion. Diffraction-quality crystals of native E. coli PBGS have been obtained, and unit-cell dimensions (a = 130.8, c = 144.0 Å) are reported. These crystals diffract to about 3.0 Å resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 395 (1998), S. 486-490 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Reactive bromine species contribute significantly to the destruction of ozone in the polar stratosphere. Reactive halogen compounds can have a strong effect not only on the chemistry of the stratosphere but also on that of the underlying troposphere. For example, severe ozone depletion events ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Forest pathology 29 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0329
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Restriction fragment length polymorphisms were generated for 52 species of lignicolous European polypores belonging to 31 different genera. An enzymatically amplified portion of the nuclear-encoded ribosomal DNA was found to be about 1800–1900 bp long for most taxa. After digestion with Hpa II, 44 distinct phenotypes were detected for the species under study; application of the additional restriction endonucleases, Hin 6 I and Hinf I, resulted in 48 species-specific and two genera-specific phenotypes. The procedure described should allow for a reliable identification of unknown mycelia of lignicolous fungi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 344-345 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 5889-5893 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The recent novel temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TA Instruments MDSCTM) technique has been applied to the measurement of thermal properties of GexAsyS60 chalcogenide glasses in the glass transition region in bulk glasses and in their thin films. The reversing and non-reversing heat flows through the glass transformation region during both heating and cooling schedules were measured and the values of the parameters, Tg, ΔH, Cp and ΔCp, which characterize the thermal events in the glass transition region, were determined. The structurally determined parameters, Tg, ΔH, Cp and ΔCp, reveal significant changes with composition because in the GexAsyS60 glasses the average coordination number, 〈r〉, increases from 2.4 to 2.8 with increasing x from 0 to 40 at% Ge. A maximum in Tg, ΔH and Cp and a minimum in the heat capacity change, ΔCp, at Tg occur near the composition for which x≈30 at% Ge. These extrema which appear in both films and bulk glasses are ascribed to a change in the network function of Ge atoms replacing As atoms in a covalent network. Recent structural models for chalcogenide glasses have been considered to explain the observed thermal properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Innerhalb zahlreicher varistischer Siderit-Pb-Zn-Cu-Ganglagerstätten des Rheinischen Schiefergebirges erfolgte eine hydrothermale überprägung durch spätvaristische Sb-reiche Fluide, die entlang der präexistenten tektonischen Elemente der Gänge bevorzugte Wegsamkeiten fanden. In einigen Fällen führte dieses spätere Hydrothermalereignis zu einer bedeutenden Veränderung der Gefüge der primären Sulfidmineralisation. In den Lagerstätten Stahlberg (Müsen), Schöne Freundschaft (Obersdorf) und Silberwiese (Oberlahr) im Siegerland-Wied-Distrikt und Silbersand (Mayen) und Saarsegen (Altenahr) in der östlichen Eifel stellt Sphalerit eine Hauptkomponente der primären Mineralisation dar. Die Gefüge des primären Sphalerit (Sphalerit I) zeigen eine sukzessive Entwicklung, die von Korrosion und partieller Verdrängung durch verschiedene Pb-Sb-Sulfosalze über intensive Wiederauflösung schließlich zu vollständiger Remobilisation führt. Remobilisierter Sphalerit wurde teilweise wieder als jüngere Generation (Sphalerit II) abgeschieden. Eine vergleichbare Gefügeentwicklung liegt in Proben der Dörnberg-Aurora-Lagerstätte (Ramsbeck) vor, obwohl hier verschiedene überprägungsstadien und wiederholte Remobilisationen von Sphalerit während einer komplexeren tektonischen und hydrothermalen Entwicklung erfolgten. Mikrosondenanalysen von Sphalerit aus verschiedenen texturellen Stadien zunehmender Korrosion und Verdrängung belegen eine intensive diffusive Verarmung an Fe in einer Zone parallel zur Verdrängungsfront. Sphalerit der jüngeren Generation hat demgegenüber sehr geringe Gehalte an Fe. Die Analysendaten zeigen weitgehende übereinstimmung mit theoretischen überlegungen und experimentellen Ergebnissen zur Interdiffusion von Fe und Zn in Sphalerit, der im Kontakt mit einem Fluid mit niedrigem Fe/Zn-Verhältnis steht. Die Wechselwirkung mit den hochtemperierten Sbreichen Fluiden war ausreichend, um wesentliche Veränderungen der Gefüge und des Chemismus von Sphalerit zu ermöglichen. Eine rasche Abkühlung der Fluide führte zu einer Beendigung der effektiven In zwischen Fluid und Sphalerit erfolgen konnte.
    Notes: Summary A widespread feature of Variscan siderite-Pb-Zn-Cu vein deposits in the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, Germany, is an overprinting brought about by late-Variscan Sb-rich fluids which exploited the existing vein geometry. In a number of cases, this later event led to considerable textural modification of the primary sulphide assemblage. Sphalerite is a major component of the primary mineralization in the Stahlberg (Müsen), Schöne Freundschaft (Obersdorf) and Silberwiese (Oberlahr) deposits, Siegerland-Wied district and the Silbersand (Mayen) and Saarsegen (Altenahr) deposits in the Eastern Eifel. Primary sphalerite (sphalerite 1) displays corrosion, replacement by a range of Pb-Sbsulphosalts, partial dissolution and, ultimately, remobilization as a result of the overprinting event. Remobilized sphalerite has recrystallized (Sphalerite II) directly from the overprinting fluid. A comparable textural evolution is also noted in samples from the Dörnberg-Aurora (Ramsbeck) mine, although, in this case, several distinct stages of textural modification and remobilization are recognised, resulting from a yet more complex sequence of vein emplacement. Microanalysis of sphalerite representing distinct stages of textural evolution in each of the deposits reveals extensive removal of Fe by diffusion ahead of the reactive replacement front. Second generation sphalerite contains only low contents of Fe. The data are consistent with theoretical predictions and experimental observations of interdiffusion of Fe and Zn in sphalerite in contact with a low Fe/Zn fluid. Interaction with the Sb-rich fluids was sufficiently prolonged to permit substantial textural and compositional modification of the primary sphalerite, particularly in the case of smaller grains close to the reaction front. However, relatively rapid cooling resulted in a cessation of interdiffusion before equilibrium between fluid and solid could be established.
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