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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die isolierte Histiozytosis X als seltene Differentialdiagnose der unklaren Halslymphknotenschwellungen Ein Fallbericht (1997)
    Springer
    HNO 45 (1997), S. 719-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lymphknotenschwellungen ; Differentialdiagnose ; Key words Cervical lymphadenopathy ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Cervical lymphadenopathies are widespread diseases in otorhinolaryngology. There are many differential diagnoses which have to be considered when swelling persists. To gain further information it is advisable to perform sonographically controlled fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNP). If there is no reliable result, it is necessary to remove a lymph node. We report on the rare case of isolated histiocytosis X in lymph nodes. A 63-year-old male had noticed a swelling of the right side of the neck about 6 weeks previously. The preliminary examinations (FNP/blood examinations) revealed no pathological findings. Only the histological examination delivered the diagnosis of histiocytosis X. Systemic manifestation was excluded by staging examinations. No further therapy was necessary after lymph node extirpation. The report demonstrates how to diagnose and treat this rare disease.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Lymphknotenschwellungen gehören zu den häufigen Erkrankungen im HNO-Bereich. Es gibt eine Reihe von Differentialdiagnosen, die bei länger bestehenden Schwellungen zu bedenken sind. Zur Gewinnung einer orientierenden Zytologie empfiehlt sich die sonographisch kontrollierte Feinnadelpunktion (FNP). Wenn diese kein sicheres Ergebnis bringt, ist eine Lymphknotenexstirpation indiziert. Wir schildern den seltenen Fall einer isoliert auftretenden Histiozytosis X des Lymphknotens. Bei einem 63jährigen männlichen Patienten war eine Schwellung rechts zervikal aufgetreten. Die Voruntersuchungen (Labor/FNP) zeigten keine pathologischen Befunde und erst durch die histologische Präparataufarbeitung konnte die Diagnose einer Histiozytosis X gestellt werden. Eine disseminierte Manifestation konnte durch eine umfassende Diagnostik ausgeschlossen werden, so daß nach erfolgter Halslymphknotenexstirpation keine systemische Therapie mehr notwendig war. Anhand der Kasuistik werden die notwendige Diagnostik und Therapieverfahren aufgezeigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050147
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depositional regimes in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea: the last two glacial to interglacial transitions (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 84 (1995), S. 28-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Norwegian ; Greenland Sea Glacial cycles ; Depositional regimes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Various models of surface and deep-water circulation in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea (NGS) have been proposed for the last two glacial to interglacial transitions. Although much progress has been made in understanding the sedimentary response to climatic and oceanographic changes, conflicting interpretations have been developed. To clarify some of these discrepancies and to test or modify the existing circulation concepts, a multiparameter approach is applied, combining sedimentological, micropaleontological, organic-geochemical and isotopic methods. On the basis of indicative properties a combined litho- and organofacies concept is developed and calibrated with modern depositional settings beneath different surface water masses. Sedimentary regimes are then derived for glacial and deglacial settings. Atlantic water intrusions in the NGS reveal complex and highly dynamic patterns for the last two glacial and interglacial periods, with repetitive inflows during Isotope Stage 6 and a high variability in Isotope Stage 5. Specific facies patterns show maximum extensions of Atlantic Water intrusions during the climatic highstands 5.5.1, 5.3 and 5.1 and narrowest intrusions in the cool phases 5.4 and most pronounced in 5.2. In contrast, different glacio-marine depositional regimes depict variable sea ice coverage and supply of ice-rafted debris. Most conspicuous are short-term depositional events marked by diamictons, which are related to the high instabilities of continental ice sheets. Some of the diamictons seem to occur contemporaneously with Heinrich layers H1 and H2. The probable temporal and obvious phenomenological concidence of Heinrich layers and NGS diamictons suggests a common trigger mechanism which caused an almost simultaneous disintegration of huge continental ice masses along the shelves of North America and the eastern margin of the NGS. A previous estuarine circulation model claims regional upwelling along the eastern margin of the NGS for specific periods of the last deglaciation. The organic character of sediments covering the same time intervals show a clear predominance of reworked fossil organic matter and thus does not support the estuarine model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192240
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efferent neurons of the lateral line system and their innervation of lateral line branches in a euteleost and an osteoglossomorph (1996)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 194 (1996), S. 271-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Brainstem ; Mechanosensory system ; Otavolateral efferents ; Teleost ; Tract-tracing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The efferent neurons of the lateral line system of the euteleost Aplocheilus lineatus and the osteoglossomorph Pantodon buchholzi, both surface feeding fish, were examined by neuronal tract tracing. Besides horseradish peroxidase, fluorescent dextrans were used as tracers to allow simultaneus visualization of projections from different lateral line branches. Labeled efferent neurons were found in nuclei situated in the medulla ventral of ventricle IV. This position resembles the octavolateralis efferent nucleus of previous studies. The number of labeled cells in the efferent nucleus is low in both species. Most neurons were found ipsilaterally to the application site, some along the midline and only very few contralaterally. The size of efferent cells differs distinctly between Aplocheilus, possessing small cellbodies (length 16.5 μm), and Pantodon, which has very large efferent cells (length 47.0 μm). Efferent axon bundles course rostrally in both species, leaving the brain at the level of the anterior lateral line nerve. Only Aplocheilus has in addition lateral axon bundles leaving the brain at the level of the posterior lateral line nerve. After application of one fluorescent tracer to the lateral ramus and a different fluorescent tracer to the superficial ophtalmic ramus in a given animal, double-labeling of efferent cells hardly ever occurs. If the neuromasts I and IV of the dorsal skull of Pantodon are applied with one fluorescent tracer each, ∼10% of centrally labeled cells are double-labeled. Considering the results of double-labeling, the concept of a differential innervation of lateral line branches is supported and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187138
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-vivo evaluation of random donor platelet concentrates from pooled buffy coats (1996)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 73 (1996), S. 85-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Platelet concentrates ; Buffy coat ; Platelet aphereses ; Platelet transfusion ; Corrected count increment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Random-donor platelet concentrates (PC) prepared from pooled buffy coats have recently been described as an alternative method for platelet preparation. We evaluated such PCs in the clinical setting compared with a standard PC from platelet apheresis. PCs were prepared either from pools of buffy coats (BC-PC) or from single donors (SD-PC) with the cell separator CS-3000 plus. PCs were stored for up to 5 days before transfusion. We compared fresh PC (day 1) with stored (day 2–3) and long-stored PC (day 4–5). For analysis, platelet increment in the recipient was determined immediately and 16–22 h (mean 20 h) after transfusion, corrected for total body area and transfused platelets (CCI). A total of 316 PCs were administered to 36 thrombocytopenic patients suffering from various hematological disorders. Patients with detectable HLA or platelet-specific antibodies or splenomegaly were excluded from the study. Mean platelet content of the PC was 262×109 for BC-PC and 251×109 for SD-PC. The 20-h CCI after transfusion of fresh PC was slightly higher with BC-PC than with SD-PC (14.5 versus 11.9;p=0.19), but values did not differ significantly between the two types of PC on any day of storage. For BC-PC, 20-h CCI decreased with further storage by 30% (10.2;p=0.02). For SD-PC a decrease by 9% was not significant. In conclusion, platelet concentrates prepared from pools of buffy coats showed excellent transfusion results when administered fresh, but storage decreased the CCI by 30%. No significant difference from PCs from plateletpheresis was observed on any day of storage. Both types of platelet concentrates were capable of sufficient platelet increment even when stored for up to 5 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050206
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of polar stratospheric clouds at Kiruna (1999)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 1457-1462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Atmospheric composition and structure (aerosols and particles, cloud physics and chemistry) ; Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (mesoscale meteorology)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are often observed in the Kiruna region in northern Sweden, east of the Scandinavian mountain range, during wintertime. PSC occurrence can be detected by ground-based optical instruments. Most of these require clear tropospheric weather. By applying the zenith-sky colour index technique, which works under most weather conditions, the data availability can be extended. The observations suggest that PSC events, especially of type II (water PSCs) may indeed more common than predicted by synoptic models, which is expected because of the frequent presence of mountain-induced leewaves. However, it will be of importance to increase the density of independent observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1457-7
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    30jähriger Patient mit unklaren stenokardieformen Schmerzen und nachfolgendem kardiogenem Schock (1999)
    Springer
    Der Internist 40 (1999), S. 1216-1220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schock, Perikarderguß ; Non-Hodgkin Lymphom ; Perikarderguß ; Perikarderguß, Malignom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein 30-jähriger Patient wurde wegen stärkster stenokardieformer Schmerzen, die in geringerer Ausprägung bereits seit 14 Tagen bestanden, in die Notaufnahme eingeliefert. Auf die Gabe von 2 Hub Nitrospray entwickelte sich unmittelbar ein kardiogener Schock. Im EKG fielen wechselnde schenkelblockartig deformierte QRS Komplexe auf. Eine fulminante Lungenembolie war bei normalen D-Dimeren und einem pO2 von 211 mmHg unter Beatmung mit 100% FiO2 unwahrscheinlich. Im orientierenden Ultraschall des Herzens zeigte sich eine Perikardtamponade und im Thorax-CT zusätzlich eine große mediastinale Raumforderung, welche die rechte Pulmonalarterie subtotal komprimierte. Dies führte in Verbindung mit der Vorlastsenkung durch das Nitrat zu einem kardiogenen Schock. Histologisch wurde ein lymphoblastisches T-NHL diagnostiziert, wobei Lymphoblasten auch im Perikarderguß nachweisbar waren, so daß ein Stadium IV B vorlag (bei gleichzeitig subfebrilen Temperaturen und Nachtschweißneigung). Nach Perikardpunktion und notfallmäßiger Radiatio des mediastinalen Bulks war der Patient schnell hämodynamisch stabil. Der Erguß war nicht mehr nachweisbar und sistierte auch während der nachfolgenden Chemotherapie. Bereits nach der ersten Induktionschemotherapie entsprechend dem T-ALL-Protokoll der multizentrischen BMFT ALL-Studie (05/93) wurde eine komplette Remission der Erkrankung erzielt. Alle weiteren Therapieabschnitte konnten ohne zeitliche Verzögerung durchgeführt werden. Bemerkenswert am vorgestellten Fall ist die Tatsache, daß erst das Auftreten eines kardiogenen Schocks zur Diagnose führte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001080050458
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of hydrous differentiation and crystal accumulation in the low-MgO, high-Al2O3 Lake Basalt from Medicine Lake volcano, California (1995)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 121 (1995), S. 201-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The late Pleistocene Lake Basalt of Medicine Lake volcano, California is comprised of variably porphyritic basalt and basaltic andesite flows and scoria. These eruptives are similar in composition and phenocryst abundance to the low-MgO, high-Al2O3 mafic magmas common in convergent margin settings. The petrogenesis of the magmas that produced the Lake Basalt has been inferred from field relations, melting experiments and subsequent major and trace element modeling. Their formation involved both hydrous differentiation and plagioclase accumulation and thus the Lake Basalt can be used to constrain the relative contributions of these processes to the production of high-Al2O3 arc basalt. Phenocryst-poor lavas of the Lake Basalt formed by hydrous differentiation; their compositions and observed phenocrysts were reproduced in 1 kbar, H2O-saturated melting experiments. Anorthite-rich plagioclase compositions of the lavas of the Lake Basalt necessitate crystallization from melts with between 4 and 6 wt% dissolved H2O. Phenocryst-rich lavas of the Lake Basalt, with 18 modal% phenocrysts and greater, formed by plagioclase accumulation in magmas similar to the phenocryst-poor lavas. This interpretation is supported by the depleted incompatible element abundances and enriched Sr/Zr ratio of the more porphyritic lavas relative to the phenocryst-poor lavas. We model the formation of the Lake Basalt as a two-stage process that combines a differentiation model and a plagioclase accumulation model. Stage one involved hydrous fractionation, granitic assimilation and mixing with undifferentiated parent magma. This process generated lavas with up to 19.2 wt% Al2O3 and 7 modal% phenocrysts. In stage two, plagioclase accumulated in these liquids and produced more aluminous and porphyritic lavas with up to 21.8 wt% Al2O3 and 33 modal% phenocrysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melt/harzburgite reaction in the petrogenesis of tholeiitic magma from Kilauea volcano, Hawaii (1998)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 131 (1998), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We use the results of elevated pressure melting experiments to constrain the role of melt/mantle reaction in the formation of tholeiitic magma from Kilauea volcano, Hawaii. Trace element abundance data is commonly interpreted as evidence that Kilauea tholeiite is produced by partial melting of garnet lherzolite. We experimentally determine the liquidus relations of a tightly constrained estimate of primary tholeiite composition, and find that it is not in equilibrium on its liquidus with a garnet lherzolite assemblage at any pressure. The composition is, however, cosaturated on its liquidus with olivine and orthopyroxene at 1.4 GPa and 1425 °C, from which we infer that primary tholeiite is in equilibrium with harzburgite at lithospheric depths beneath Kilauea. These results are consistent with our observation that tholeiite primary magmas have higher normative silica contents than experimentally produced melts of garnet lherzolite. A model is presented whereby primary tholeiite forms via a two-stage process. In the first stage, magmas are generated by melting of garnet lherzolite in a mantle plume. In the second stage, the ascent and decompression of magmas causes them to react with harzburgite in the mantle by assimilating orthopyroxene and crystallizing olivine. This reaction can produce typical tholeiite primary magmas from significantly less siliceous garnet lherzolite melts, and is consistent with the shift in liquidus boundaries that accompanies decompression of an ascending magma. We determine the proportion of reactants by major element mass balance. The ratio of mass assimilated to mass crystallized (Ma/Mc) varies from 2.7 to 1.4, depending on the primary magma composition. We use an AFC calculation to model the effect of melt/harzburgite reaction on melt rare earth and high field strength element abundances, and find that reaction dilutes, but does not significantly fractionate, the abundances of these elements. Assuming olivine and orthopyroxene have similar heats of fusion, the Ma/Mc ratio indicates that reaction is endothermic. The additional thermal energy is supplied by the melt, which becomes superheated during adiabatic ascent and can provide more thermal energy than required. Melt/harzburgite reaction likely occurs over a range of depths, and we infer a mean depth of 42 km from our experimental results. This depth is well within the lithosphere beneath Kilauea. Since geochemical evidence indicates that melt/harzburgite reaction likely occurs in the top of the Hawaiian plume, the plume must be able to thin a significant portion of the lithosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004100050374
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trace element abundances of high-MgO glasses from Kilauea, Mauna Loa and Haleakala volcanoes, Hawaii (1998)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 131 (1998), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We performed an ion-microprobe study of eleven high-MgO (6.7–14.8 wt%) tholeiite glasses from the Hawaiian volcanoes Kilauea, Mauna Loa and Haleakala. We determined the rare earth (RE), high field strength, and other selected trace element abundances of these glasses, and used the data to establish their relationship to typical Hawaiian shield tholeiite and to infer characteristics of their source. The glasses have trace element abundance characteristics generally similar to those of typical shield tholeiites, e.g. L(light)REE/H(heavy)REEC1 〈 1. The Kilauea and Mauna Loa glasses, however, display trace and major element characteristics that cross geochemical discriminants observed between Kilauea and Mauna Loa shield lavas. The glasses contain a blend of these discriminating chemical characteristics, and are not exactly like the typical shield lavas from either volcano. The production of these hybrid magmas likely requires a complexly zoned source, rather than two unique sources. When corrected for olivine fractionation, the glass data show correlations between CaO concentration and incompatible trace element abundances, indicating that CaO may behave incompatibly during melting of the tholeiite source. Furthermore, the tholeiite source must contain residual garnet and clinopyroxene to account for the variation in trace element abundances of the Kilauea glasses. Inversion modeling indicates that the Kilauea source is flat relative to C1 chondrites, and has a higher bulk distribution coefficient for the HREE than the LREE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004100050375
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sphalerite remobilization during multistage hydrothermal mineralization events —examples from siderite-Pb-Zn-Cu-Sb veins, Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, Germany (1998)
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 63 (1998), S. 223-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Innerhalb zahlreicher varistischer Siderit-Pb-Zn-Cu-Ganglagerstätten des Rheinischen Schiefergebirges erfolgte eine hydrothermale überprägung durch spätvaristische Sb-reiche Fluide, die entlang der präexistenten tektonischen Elemente der Gänge bevorzugte Wegsamkeiten fanden. In einigen Fällen führte dieses spätere Hydrothermalereignis zu einer bedeutenden Veränderung der Gefüge der primären Sulfidmineralisation. In den Lagerstätten Stahlberg (Müsen), Schöne Freundschaft (Obersdorf) und Silberwiese (Oberlahr) im Siegerland-Wied-Distrikt und Silbersand (Mayen) und Saarsegen (Altenahr) in der östlichen Eifel stellt Sphalerit eine Hauptkomponente der primären Mineralisation dar. Die Gefüge des primären Sphalerit (Sphalerit I) zeigen eine sukzessive Entwicklung, die von Korrosion und partieller Verdrängung durch verschiedene Pb-Sb-Sulfosalze über intensive Wiederauflösung schließlich zu vollständiger Remobilisation führt. Remobilisierter Sphalerit wurde teilweise wieder als jüngere Generation (Sphalerit II) abgeschieden. Eine vergleichbare Gefügeentwicklung liegt in Proben der Dörnberg-Aurora-Lagerstätte (Ramsbeck) vor, obwohl hier verschiedene überprägungsstadien und wiederholte Remobilisationen von Sphalerit während einer komplexeren tektonischen und hydrothermalen Entwicklung erfolgten. Mikrosondenanalysen von Sphalerit aus verschiedenen texturellen Stadien zunehmender Korrosion und Verdrängung belegen eine intensive diffusive Verarmung an Fe in einer Zone parallel zur Verdrängungsfront. Sphalerit der jüngeren Generation hat demgegenüber sehr geringe Gehalte an Fe. Die Analysendaten zeigen weitgehende übereinstimmung mit theoretischen überlegungen und experimentellen Ergebnissen zur Interdiffusion von Fe und Zn in Sphalerit, der im Kontakt mit einem Fluid mit niedrigem Fe/Zn-Verhältnis steht. Die Wechselwirkung mit den hochtemperierten Sbreichen Fluiden war ausreichend, um wesentliche Veränderungen der Gefüge und des Chemismus von Sphalerit zu ermöglichen. Eine rasche Abkühlung der Fluide führte zu einer Beendigung der effektiven In zwischen Fluid und Sphalerit erfolgen konnte.
    Notes: Summary A widespread feature of Variscan siderite-Pb-Zn-Cu vein deposits in the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, Germany, is an overprinting brought about by late-Variscan Sb-rich fluids which exploited the existing vein geometry. In a number of cases, this later event led to considerable textural modification of the primary sulphide assemblage. Sphalerite is a major component of the primary mineralization in the Stahlberg (Müsen), Schöne Freundschaft (Obersdorf) and Silberwiese (Oberlahr) deposits, Siegerland-Wied district and the Silbersand (Mayen) and Saarsegen (Altenahr) deposits in the Eastern Eifel. Primary sphalerite (sphalerite 1) displays corrosion, replacement by a range of Pb-Sbsulphosalts, partial dissolution and, ultimately, remobilization as a result of the overprinting event. Remobilized sphalerite has recrystallized (Sphalerite II) directly from the overprinting fluid. A comparable textural evolution is also noted in samples from the Dörnberg-Aurora (Ramsbeck) mine, although, in this case, several distinct stages of textural modification and remobilization are recognised, resulting from a yet more complex sequence of vein emplacement. Microanalysis of sphalerite representing distinct stages of textural evolution in each of the deposits reveals extensive removal of Fe by diffusion ahead of the reactive replacement front. Second generation sphalerite contains only low contents of Fe. The data are consistent with theoretical predictions and experimental observations of interdiffusion of Fe and Zn in sphalerite in contact with a low Fe/Zn fluid. Interaction with the Sb-rich fluids was sufficiently prolonged to permit substantial textural and compositional modification of the primary sphalerite, particularly in the case of smaller grains close to the reaction front. However, relatively rapid cooling resulted in a cessation of interdiffusion before equilibrium between fluid and solid could be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01164152
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