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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology 7 (1997), S. 195-198 
    ISSN: 1432-1068
    Keywords: Fractures of the head of the tibia ; Osteitis ; Infection ; Surgical flaps ; Fracture de l'extrémité proximale du tibia ; Ostéite ; Infection ; Lambeaux locaux
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons examiné au total 52 patients présentant avec infection après fracture de l' extrémité proximale du tibia entre 1988 et 1992. 26 patients étaient transférés d'autres hôpitaux avec une ostéite évolutive, 26 patients étaient traités entièrement dans notre hôpital. Nous discutons l'étiologie de l'infection de ces deux groupes. Tous les patients ont été traités avec débridement radical. Une stabilisation osseuse fut nécessaire dans 73 % de cas. Nous avons réalisé une résection segmentaire à cause d'une large infection dans 3 cas. La perte de substance causée par cette intervention a été fermée par une lambeau local dans 11 cas. Ainsi nous avons pu arrêter l'infection dans 41 cas mais seulement 7 patients peuvent être considérés comme entièrement guéris (13 %). Dans 9 cas l'amputation a due être effectuée. Malgré le succès thérapeutique concernant l'infection elle même, le résultat fonctionnel est resté mauvais. C'est pourquoi éviter l'infection reste le point le plus important traitement d'une fracture. Le pourcentage des infections peut être abaissé en utilisant un type d'osteosynthèse adapté aux besoins des tissus mous. Il faut fermer les pertes de substance initiales d'une fracture ouverte ou causées par le traitement initial par un lambeau de muscle jumeau (musculus gastrocnemius) après un délai de quelques jours. Soigner les tissus mous correctement est au moins aussi important que de reconstruire les fragments osseux, lorsque l'on traite une fracture de l'extrémité proximale du tibia.
    Notes: Summary A total of 52 patients with infection after fracture of the proximal tibia were retrospectively reviewed from 1988 to 1995. 26 patients were transfered from peripheral hospitals with active osteitis, while 26 patients had been primarily treated in our hospital. Refering to the total group of patients, infection inducing factors are discussed critically. All patients underwent radical debridement. Restoration of bone stability had to be done in 73 %. Due to the extent of infection, segmental resection had to be perfomed on 3 patients. Resulting soft tissue defects were closed with local flaps in 11 cases. Infection was controlled in 41 patients, but only 7 could be classified as “cured”. Nine patients had amputations after failure of treatment. Despite successful therapy, the functional results are poor. Therefore, avoiding infection, has top priority in post fracture treatment. The correct form of osteosynthesis adapted to the soft tissue lesion can lower infection rates significantly. Soft tissue defects, resulting from open fractures or after primary treatment, have to be closed by gastrocnemius flap transfer within a short time. The management of the soft tissue is at least as important as the reconstruction of the bone in the treatment of fractures of the head of the tibia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Glucosephosphate isomerase ; haemolytic anaemia ; enzyme mutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on the enzyme variants of two patients compound heterozygous for glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) deficiency, both suffering from severe haemolytic anaemia. The enzymes of case 1 (GPI `Zwickau') and case 2 (GPI `Nordhorn' [25]), revealed reduced GPI activity and remarkable thermolability. Glucose-6-phosphate (Gluc-6-P) concentration was elevated 2.3 times in case 1 and 3.8 times in case 2. Sequencing the patients' GPI genes showed four different point mutations, two of them involving highly conserved amino acids. The c1039 C→T substitution, found in the gene of GPI `Zwickau', has been described recently [30] and causes an Arg 347→Cys substitution close to the putative catalytic site. The second mutation in this case is a novel c1538 G→A substitution causing a Trp→stop mutation at position 513 apparently resulting in premature RNA degradation thus resulting either in a complete lack of protein or a protein which does not show GPI activity. In the gene of GPI `Nordhorn' a c1028 A→G mutation was discovered, also previously described [1, 9] causing a Gln 343→Trp substitution. The second mutation was a novel splice site mutation at the border of intron 15 to exon 16: IVS15-(-2) A→C which leads to an aberrant splicing of exon 16, thus resulting either in a truncated and most likely inactive enzyme or in no protein at all. Conclusion Biochemical and molecular genetic studies performed with the enzyme variants GPI `Zwickau' and GPI `Nordhorn' showed that in both cases the simultaneous occurrence of a single amino acid sub‐stitution affecting the active site, together with a nonsense mutation leading to the loss of major parts of the enzyme probably explains the severe clinical course of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Key words Carbonmonoxy-Myoglobin ; Recombination kinetics ; Mössbauer spectroscopy ; Scaling law ; Activated tunneling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the recombination kinetics of carboxymyoglobin (after photodissociation of the CO ligand) by Mössbauer spectroscopy for temperatures in the range 4.2 – 60 K. The observed kinetics display non-exponential behaviour which was monitored over periods of a few days. It is shown that the time dependence of the kinetics can be reduced to a single universal function of the temperature-dependent variable (t/τ 1/2(T)) β(T) . The half-decay time τ 1/2(T) and the scaling parameter β(T) are analysed for the presence of tunneling effects. The non-Arrhenius temperature dependence of the half-decay time below 60 K is interpreted as activated tunneling in models with an Eckart barrier or a fluctuating barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 18 (1996), S. 353-357 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Mössbauer spectra ; Spectra ; photodissociation and photoionization of biomolecules ; bioluminescence ; Measurement of rate constants ; reaction cross-sections and activation energy ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Partial photodissociation of two carbonmonoxy-porphyrin complexes, a bridged and a fenced one, has been achieved. The results from monitoring the recombination point to an important influence of the solvent matrix on the recombination rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Phonons and vibrations in crystal lattices ; Solid-liquid transitions ; Thermodynamic properties and entropy ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Dynamic properties of ultrafine clusters of γ-Fe2O3 (ferric oxide, FO) were studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy and by thermodynamic analysis. The data obtained for FO clusters allowed the conclusion that dynamic properties of clusters as well as the decrease of melting point and the appearance of a gap between freezing and melting points depend on intracluster atomic mobility. Intracluster atomic mobility in FO clusters was shown to increase by the action of surfactants which decrease intercluster interactions. The increase in intracluster atomic mobility was suggested to proceed via formation of a solid-liquid state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Secretoneurin (SN) is a neuropeptide derived from secretogranin II that is found in brain and endocrine tissues. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of this novel peptide on dopamine (DA) release from rat striatum using the microdialysis technique. Rat SN (1–30 µmol/L added to the dialysis buffer) enhanced DA outflow of awake rats in a concentration-dependent way without marked effects on the outflow of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid or homovanillic acid. The increase in extracellular DA content caused by the peptide was observed throughout the entire period of administration (up to 4 h). Human SN and its 15-amino-acid C-terminal sequence also increased DA outflow, but the effects were smaller than those of rat SN. Two other peptides derived from secretogranin II were without effect on DA efflux. These results establish that SN has a pronounced effect on DA release under in vivo conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 8 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An antiserum was raised against the peptide PE-11 whose sequence is present in the chromogranin B molecule. The antiserum reacts only with the free C-terminal end of this peptide. PE-11 immunoreactivity in brain was characterized by molecular size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography. Only the free peptide and a N-terminally elongated peptide were detected, indicating that proteolytic processing of chromogranin B in brain is quite extensive. In immunohistochemistry PE-11 immunoreactivity was found in varicosities, fibres and perikarya throughout the brain. Strong staining was detected in the shell sector of the nucleus accumbens, in the lateral septum, in subregions of the extended amygdala, in some areas of the hippocampus and of the hypothalamus, in the locus coeruleus, in the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum and in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Our results, which demonstrate significant processing of chromogranin B in brain and its widespread distribution, can be taken as an indication that chromogranin B represents a precursor of peptides with functional relevance for this organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Secretoneurin is a recently described peptide derived by endoproteolytic processing from secretogranin II, previously named chromogranin C. In this study, we have investigated the distribution of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the human hippocampus in controls and in Alzheimer's disease patients, and compared the staining pattern to that of calretinin. Secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity is present throughout the hippocampal formation. At the border of the dentate molecular layer and the granule cell layer, a band of dense secretoneurin immunostaining appeared. In this part, as in the area of the CA2 sector, the high density of secretoneurin-immunoreactivity coincided with calretinin-like immunoreactivity. The mossy fibre system displayed a moderate density of secretoneurin-immunoreactivity. In the entorhinal cortex, a particularly high density of secretoneurin-immunoreactivity was observed. The density of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity was significantly reduced in the innermost part of the molecular layer and in the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus in Alzheimer's disease. For calretinin-like immunoreactivity, a less pronounced decrease was found in the innermost part of the molecular layer. About 40–60% of neuritic plaques were secretoneurin-immunopositive.This study shows that secretoneurin is distinctly distributed in the human hippocampus and that significant changes of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity occur in Alzheimer's disease, reflecting synaptic loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ecology of freshwater fish 4 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract– The mechanisms leading to spatial segregation along optical habitat dimensions in closely related, co-occurring fishes were investigated. In two experimental series, six laboratory-reared cyprinid species were faced to six novel optical patterns. These were positioned either laterally, at the bottom, or at the water surface, in one of three compartments of a large tank. When a bottom pattern was presented, the primarily bottom-dwelling species Vimba elonguta and Abranzis brama chose the test compartment at high frequencies, indicating a significant preference. More surface-oriented species like Chalcalburnus chalcoides mento and Scardinius erythrophthalmus developed similar preferences in response to surface patterns. V. elongata, A. brama, and Rutilus rutilus showed significant preferences for a photograph of submerged plants. Also, V. elongata developed preferences for several optical patterns. These data confirm earlier studies on V. elongata habitat selection and foraging behaviour which suggest a highly exploratory lifestyle. S. erythrophthalmus and Leuciscus cephalus showed significant avoidances for laterally positioned optical patterns associated with reduced interindividual distances, indicating marked neophobic responses. The establishment of species-specific preferences or avoidances during the two experimental series was influenced by learning processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 1 (1995), S. 869-873 
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Pioneers in xenotransplantation (transplantation of organs from one species to another) abandoned their efforts decades ago largely because of the generally poor results obtained and because of the emergence of clinical allotransplantation. Currently, interest in xenotransplantation research is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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