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  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1990-1994  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical activity in tris bidentate cobalt(III) complexes. An ab initio study (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 32 (1993), S. 1226-1232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00059a033
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ measurement of large piezoelectric displacements in resonant atomic force microscopy (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 2848-2852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In resonant atomic force microscopy (AFMR) the calibration of the tip–sample relative displacement remains a major problem. Commonly used PZT piezoceramics exhibit a nonlinear behavior response for large applied voltages. For low voltages applied to the piezoceramics (i.e., small corrugations), the calibration can be performed by measuring the height of known structures. For large displacements, the interferometric heterodyne detection used in the AFMR provides a relative tip–sample displacement up to 10 μm, without removing the piezo-tube from the microscope. From these measurements, it was established that the piezosensitivity is not a constant parameter. Its averaged value during an excursion depends linearly on the applied voltage. With this system, routine controls are very easy and an example is given of the displacement corrections related to the nonlinearity of the piezo-tube for the electrostatic interaction between the tip and a gold surface. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145566
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterodyne interferometer with two-wave mixing in photorefractive crystals for ultrasound detection on rough surfaces (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 3782-3784 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Heterodyne interferometers using two-wave mixing in photorefractive cubic crystals for ultrasound detection on rough surfaces are demonstrated. The speckled scattered beam from a rough surface sample interferes with a planar coherent pump beam inside a photorefractive crystal. A third frequency-shifted beam is used to read the grating. The diffracted readout beam and the transmitted signal beam are wavefront matched, resulting in an optimal heterodyne interference signal. The signal to noise ratio for the two commonly used crystallographic configurations with cubic crystals, G(parallel)〈110〉(parallel) and G(parallel)〈001〉, where G is the grating wave vector, are investigated. Very good sensitivity is demonstrated for the detection of small amplitude ultrasonic surface displacements. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116997
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient elastic wave generation by an array of thermoelastic sources (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 3276-3278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A set of 16 thermoelastic strip sources, equivalent to a phased array of ultrasonic transducers has been implemented on a solid by irradiating its surface with a multiple beam pulsed YAG laser. Longitudinal elastic waves were focused in the sample by time delaying each laser pulse. Results of experiments performed on duraluminum in the thermoelastic regime are presented and compared with simulations based on the surface center of the expansion model. It is shown that with this technique, a high energy focusing, together with an ultrasonic beam scanning can be achieved in a wide angular range leading to a significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio of a laser based ultrasonic system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110173
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant surface acoustic waves generated by a multiple beam laser: Application to the detection of surface breaking slots (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 1091-1093 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Giant surface acoustic wave (SAW) pulses have been generated by implementing on the surface of a solid an array of strip thermoelastic sources. It is shown experimentally, with a 16-beam pulsed YAG laser, that the delays introduced between the laser emission times allow the constructive summation of the SAW pulses. Mechanical displacements larger than 20 nm on a steel sample and 50 nm on aluminum were detected by a heterodyne optical interferometer. Examples of noncontact and nondestructive detection of thin surface breaking slots are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112107
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical probing of pulsed, focused ultrasonic fields using a heterodyne interferometer (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 153-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The pulsed acoustic field of a piezoelectric focused transducer transmitted in water has been investigated by using an optical heterodyne interferometer. The probe beam is reflected by a thin membrane that follows the motion of the fluid particle. Absolute measurements of the mechanical displacement have been performed in the frequency range 5–15 MHz with a spatial resolution better than 0.1 mm and a sensitivity of 0.1 nm with a 20 MHz detection bandwidth that corresponds to a minimum detectable acoustic energy density of 2 μJ/m2. The experimental results all agree quantitatively with diffraction theory predictions of impulse response at the focus of the transducer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108202
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A sensitive ultrasonic method for measuring transient motions of a surface (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3248-3250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method for measuring surface displacements is described. The principle is based on the detection of the phase shift of a high frequency continuous ultrasonic wave reflected from the moving surface. The analysis shows that the long time delay undergone by the ultrasonic wave produces a significant enhancement of the Doppler phase shift signal. Experiments were carried out in water with a 30-MHz focused transducer probe and transient mechanical displacements smaller than 1 A(ring) (surface velocities smaller than 1 mm/s) were detected in a 10 MHz bandwidth. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114887
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automatic analysis of ISS - spectra (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 20 (1993), S. 233-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) is an established technique for the analysis of atomic species in the outermost atomic layer of a solid surface. Owing to the erosive action of the primary ions, a continued experiment can show the variation of these elemental concentrations in the subsurface layer, just as in depth profiling with AES or XPS and ion sputtering. When used in this ‘depth profiling’ mode, large numbers of spectra are generated that call for automatic processing and interpretation.A complete set of software routines is described that is tailored to the specific aspects of ISS and runs on a personal computer. It allows for on-line, real-time peak detection and identification, as well as for background elimination and peak intensity determination, even in the case of strongly overlapping peaks. The employed strategy is quite general, so that the essence of these routines could easily be adapted to other spectroscopic techniques. The entire procedure is illustrated by a concrete analysis of a photographic material.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740200308
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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