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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    TOPOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF ZINC IN HUMAN BRAIN BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 15 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used for measuring the zinc content, in ppb (μg/1), of brain tissue. A new method for determining the correction factor of atomic absorption interference is described.Measurements of the zinc content of twenty-four regions of adult human brains showed the maximum zinc content in resistent sector and endplate of the Amnion's horn, corroborating the histochemical data. The distribution of zinc in other regions was relatively uniform, but white matter showed lower values than gray matter. The zinc content of seventeen regions of human newborn brains was below that in adult brains, for all regions. The blood content of brain tissue contributed only insignificantly to its zinc content.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb08967.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dorsal root ganglia cocultured with macrophages: an in vitro model to study experimental demyelination (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 459-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Dorsal root ganglia ; Macrophages in vitro model ; Oxygen radicals ; Experimental demyelination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The present investigation introduces an in vitro model to study macrophage properties during demyelination. Rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were cultured for obtaining myelinated peripheral nerve fibers. These cultures were exposed to non-resident macrophages. In untreated control cultures, there was no indication of myelin removal by the added macrophages. DRG were exposed to enzymatically generated oxygen radicals using the xanthin/xanthin oxidase or the glucose/glucose oxidase system. Assessment of Schwann cell viability and ultrastructural morphology revealed different patterns of cell cytotoxicity and morphological changes in different experiments. High concentrations caused complete tissue necrosis of the DRG, while low concentrations did not affect either cell viability or ultrastructural morphology. Under intermediate experimental conditions, oxygen radicals caused non-lethal Schwann cell damage leading to Schwann cell retraction and myelin sheath rejection. Myelin lamellae were disrupted and decompacted. These changes were followed by a selective macrophage attack on myelin sheats, resulting in demyelination. Axons, Schwann cells and sensory ganglion cells survived this attack. The specificity of the oxygen radical effects was tested in experiments using the oxygen radical scavengers catalase and superoxide dismutase. Catalase prevented the described effects on cell morphology and subsequently blocked demyelination by non-resident macrophages.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389499
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dorsal root ganglia cocultured with macrophages: an in vitro model to study experimental demyelination (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 459-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Dorsal root ganglia ; Macrophages ; In vitro model ; Oxygen radicals ; Experimental demyelination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The present investigation introduces an in vitro model to study macrophage properties during demyelination. Rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were cultured for obtaining myelinated peripheral nerve fibers. These cultures were exposed to non-resident macrophages. In untreated control cultures, there was no indication of myelin removal by the added macrophages. DRG were exposed to enzymatically generated oxygen radicals using the xanthin/xanthin oxidase or the glucose/glucose oxidase system. Assessment of Schwann cell viability and ultrastructural morphology revealed different patterns of cell cytotoxicity and morphological changes in different experiments. High concentrations caused complete tissue necrosis of the DRG, while low concentrations did not affect either cell viability or ultrastructural morphology. Under intermediate experimental conditions, oxygen radicals caused non-lethal Schwann cell damage leading to Schwann cell retraction and myelin sheath rejection. Myelin lamellae were disrupted and decompacted. These changes were followed by a selective macrophage attack on myelin sheaths, resulting in demyelination. Axons, Schwann cells and sensory ganglion cells survived this attack. The specificity of the oxygen radical effects was tested in experiments using the oxygen radical scavengers catalase and superoxide dismutase. Catalase prevented the described effects on cell morphology and subsequently blocked demyelination by non-resident macrophages.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389499
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Anti-macrophage CR3 antibody blocks myelin phagocytosis by macrophages in vitro (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 80 (1990), S. 415-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Myelin phagocytosis ; Macrophages ; Complement receptor type 3 ; Organ culture
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Myelin phagocytosis in Wallerian degeneration of peripheral nerves depends on invasion of nerves by non-resident macrophages. The present study was done to clarify the role of the macrophage complement receptor type 3 (CR3) in myelin removal. Myelin phagocytic capacity of invading macrophages was abolished by treatment of cultured nerves and macrophages with anti-CR3 antibody or by serum complement depletion with cobra venom factor. This indicates that myelin phagocytosis is mediated by the macrophage CR3.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307696
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxytalan fibres in meningiomas and meningeal neomembranes (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 520-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Oxytalan fibres ; Subdural haematoma-Meningioma ; Connective tissue
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The incidence of oxytalan fibres was studied in 202 meningiomas and 30 neomembranes. Oxytalan fibres were present in all samples of neomembranes and in the majority of meningiomas; 81% of the fibroblastic meningiomas contained oxytalan fibres. Their frequency was lowest in malignant meningiomas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293388
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distribution of a catecholamine-binding mechanism in rat brain (1967)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 9 (1967), S. 126-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The existence of characteristic regional differences in the binding capacity of tissue for catecholamines was demonstrated by incubating sections of rat brain with tritiated norepinephrine or epinephrine or dopamine, and by radioautography. Microscopically, catecholamine binding occurred diffusely in the neuropil, or in pericellular aggregates upon nerve cells, in a pattern highly suggestive of synaptic buttons. A neuroanatomical account of the regional distribution patterns of norepinephrine binding in rat brain showed similarity to the known regional distribution of norepinephrine. However, there were quantitative and qualitative differences between the distribution of the binding mechanism and that of norepinephrine. Minor differences were found between the binding of norepinephrine and epinephrine; little binding occurred for dopamine. The binding mechanism was not facilitated by ATP, and was resistant to reserpine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305856
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Surface lesions of corpus callosum (1968)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 10 (1968), S. 151-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Corpus callosum ; Brain injury ; Traumatic lesion ; Marchiafava-Bignami-disease ; Demyelination ; Pressure of arteries
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Oberflächliche Balkenläsionen werden beschrieben, die bisher offensichtlich nicht im Schrifttum aufscheinen. Sie wurden in 17 von 168 laufend untersuchten Gehirnen angetroffen. Beziehungen zu klinischen Symptomen oder den Körperobduktionsbefunden lagen nicht vor. Die Morphologie und Beziehungen dieser Läsionen zu den Nachbarstrukturen lassen sie als eine Folge mechanischer Balkenschädigung interpretieren, doch ist ihr genauer Entstehungsmechanismus bisher ungeklärt.
    Notizen: Summary Surface lesions of the corpus callosum, apparently hitherto unrecorded in the literature, are described. They were found in 17 cases among 168 consecutively examined brains. There was no correlation with clinical symptoms, or with general autopsy findings. Their morphology and relationship to neighboring structures suggest that they represent a form of physical trauma to the corpus callosum, but the exact mechanism of their production is not clear.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691309
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Entry of labeled monocytic cells into the central nervous system (1968)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 10 (1968), S. 359-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Monocytic cells of CNS ; Radioisotope labelling ; Blood cells entry into the CNS
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Der Eintritt zirkulierender Blutzellen in das Gehirn wurde mittels radioaktiv markierter Zellen aus dem Knochenmark von Spender-auf Empfängertiere untersucht. Die Zellen wurden in vitro oder in vivo mittles H3-Thymidin oder H3-Uridin markiert. Die markierten Zellen vom Charakter der Monocyten oder Makrophagen dringen nach den erhobenen Befunden in normales Hirngewebe ein und sammeln sich in verschiedenartigen Hirnläsionen an. Es ergaben sich Hinweise dafür, daß diese Zellen später in die Milz zurückkehren.
    Notizen: Summary The entry of circulating blood cells into the brain was studied by injecting radioactively labeled cells from the bone marrow of donor animals into recipient animals. The cells were labeledin vitro orin vivo, using H3 thymidine or H3 uridine. Labeled cells having features of monocytes or macrophages were shown to enter normal brain tissue and to aggregate at various types of brain lesions. There was indication that these cells later returned to the spleen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690711
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Axonal cytoskeleton at the nodes of Ranvier (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 20 (1991), S. 450-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The relationship between the degree of nodal narrowing and the changes in the structure of the axonal cytoskeleton was studied in 53 fibres of mouse sciatic nerve. Nodal narrowing increased with increasing fibre calibre to reach about 20% of the internodal area in the thicker fibres. The narrowing corresponded quantitatively to a decreased number of nodal neurofilaments. Nodal microtubule numbers varied greatly, and a majority of fibres had considerably (approximately 55%) more microtubules in their nodal profile than in the internode. Nodal profiles of different calibre showed an increase in the number of filaments and of microtubules with nodal calibre, although at rates different from those in the internode. The degree of observed axon non-circularities had no discernible effect on the restructuring of the axonal cytoskeleton at the node. A transnodal transport of the axonal cytoskeleton can occur with: (1) accelerated transnodal transport of filaments, (2) stationary internodal fraction of filaments, (3) depolymerization of filaments proximal to the node and repolymerization distally, or (4) different nodal and internodal polymerization equilibria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01252273
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Proximo-distal differences in myelin development in human optic fibers (1967)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 79 (1967), S. 259-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The observation that the myelin sheaths of human optic fibers seem to form first at the distal end of the tract with a progress of myelination toward the eye was tested by assays of cholesterol and cholesterol esters in segments of human optic nerves and tracts at various phases of development. It was found that the distal to proximal progress of myelination relates mainly to the fact that adult human optic fibers contain in their distal portion about twice the amount of cholesterol that occurs in the proximal portion. This gradient in cholesterol content along the fibers develops gradually in children. If the progress of cholesterol deposition is expressed as a percentage of the adult values, the proximo-distal differences are small, suggesting that myelination develops only slightly faster at the distal end.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369289
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