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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Synovial fluid ; IL-6 ; Cytoskeleton ; Antibodies ; ELISA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Synovial fluids and sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, yersinia arthritis, Behçet's syndrome, Crohn's disease, and osteoarthritis were tested for antinuclear antibodies and antibodies to five cytoskeletal components in sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems and for IL-6 concentrations in a proliferation assay (IL-6 dependent hybridoma cell line B13.29, subclone B9). Statistically significant correlations between antibody activities and IL-6 levels were found for vimentin antibodies (r= 0.56; p〈0.05) and actin antibodies (r= 0.44;p〈0.05). In patients with chronic and active disease like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, optical densities measured by vimentin- and actin-ELISA were significantly different from those measured in patients with osteoarthritis. To date only a few reports exist concerning the incidence of antibodies in synovial fluids. We have shown to our knowledge for the first time that IL-6 seems to induce synovial fluid antibody activities restricted to cytoskeletal components of synoviocytes (i.e., vimentin and actin). Synovial fluid antibody activities against vimentin and actin appear to be markers of activity in patients with inflammatory joint disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Endothelin ; Liver ; Sinusoidal endothelial cells ; Transforming growth factorβ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Endothelin is the most potent vasoconstrictor peptide known today. Using a radioimmunoassay for endothelin, we measured immunoreactive endothelin in culture media of guinea pig sinusoidal endothelial liver cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. A time-dependent release of immunoreactive endothelin by confluent sinusoidal endothelial liver cells in culture was found. Sinusoidal endothelial liver cells produced similar amounts of immunoreactive endothelin as umbilical vein endothelial cells, about 900 pg/μg DNA per 24 h. In the presence of transforming growth factorβ a dose-dependent increase of immunoreactive endothelin release was measured. The maximal increase of 50% was found at a concentration of 1 ng transforming growth factor per ml. To a similar extent Kupffer cell-conditioned media augmented the release of immunoreactive endothelin by sinusoidal endothelial liver cells, especially when Kupffer cells had been stimulated by endotoxin. Endotoxin itself did not alter the release of immunoreactive endothelin. Endothelin released by sinusoidal endothelial liver cells might influence the pericytes of the liver, i.e., the Ito-cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ; Non-cirrhotic liver ; Hepatitis B virus (HBV) ; Hepatitis C virus (HCV) ; Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The case of a 71-year-old man with a primary hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic liver is reported. There were no risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-like liver cirrhosis, alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking, exposure to vinyl chloride, thorotrast, aflatoxin or α1-antitrypsin deficiency. Serologically, the patient was positive for antibodies to the hepatitis B virus (anti-HBc, anti-HBs) and for anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies. Virologically, positive and negative strands of HCV RNA could be detected in the patient's serum and tumorous liver tissue by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction as a sign of persistent HCV replication. Histologically, the HCC was completely surrounded by liver tissue which showed the signs of nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Indeed, the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis remains to be clarified. However, this case supports the observation that HCC may also develop in patients with HCV infection without preexisting liver cirrhosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 875-881 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Acute hepatic failure ; Liver transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus ; Hepatitis B virus ; Interferon-α ; Corticosteroid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 48-year-old male patient was admitted with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (stage III, Centers for Disease Control 1993) and viremic hepatitis B. Blood CD4 count was 15/μl. Discontinuation of prednisolone, previously prescribed by the patient's family practitioner because of elevated liver enzymes, resulted in severe hepatitis (alanine aminotransferase 〉 300U/1). Administration of interferon-α, (9 × 106U s.c. 3 × weekly) was initiated. Serum markers of viral replication disappeared, and aminotransferase levels returned to normal within a few weeks. The patient's serum was found negative for HBsAg after 3 months. Immunohistochemical analysis of liver biopsies before and during interferon therapy showed disappearance of all hepatitis B virus antigens and a marked reduction in inflammatory activity. Hepatitis B virus seroconversion remained stable until the patient died from the syndrome 2 years later. This case shows that in spite of severe HIV-associated immune deficiency with CD4 counts constantly below 100/μl, interferon-α can lead to sustained serological and histological improvement of viremic hepatitis B. Previous administration and discontinuation of cortisone may have helped to reach this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 345 (1968), S. 365-376 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen gehen von dem früher geführten Nachweis eines im immunologischen Sinne organspezifischen und weitgehend speciesexclusiven Proteins der Leber aus. Entsprechende Proteinpräparationen aus menschlichen Lebern wurden zur Sensibilisierung von Kaninchen eingesetzt. 1. Bei langdauernder Sensibilisierung (über 1 Jahr) mit kleinen Dosen gelang beim erwachsenen Kaninchen die Induktion einer Immuntoleranz, die durch Applikation von hitzeund sulfanilsäurealteriertem Protein durchbrochen werden konnte; gleichzeitig konnte eine Hypersensibilität vom verzögerten Typ induziert werden. Histologisch fand sich bei allen Tieren eine aktive chronische Hepatitis; die übrigen Organe (Herz, Lunge, Skeletmuskulatur, Schilddrüse und Niere) waren frei von pathologischen Veränderungen. 2. Bei kurzzeitiger Sensibilisierung (3 Monate) mit hohen Dosen fand sich histologisch lediglich eine dichtzellige lymphocytäre Infiltration der Periportalfelder der Leber; nur bei einem Tier bestanden geringe Hinweiszeichen auf eine beginnende chronische Lebererkrankung. In der Diskussion wird auf die serologisch nachweisbare Antigenverwandtschaft der entsprechenden Proteine von humaner und Kaninchenleber hingewiesen. Für die Entwicklung einer chronisch-progredienten Organerkrankung scheint die Ausbildung einer Hypersensitivität vom verzögerten Typ im Rahmen einer langdauernden Stimulierung wesentlich zu sein.
    Notes: Summary These investigations are concerned with species- and organspecific liver proteins, demonstrated in earlier studies. Rabbits were sensitized utilizing similar protein-preparations obtained from human liver. 1. With long-term sensitizations (approximately one year) immuntolerances were induced in adult rabbits by chronic administration of small doses of protein. The state of immun tolerance could be disturbed by applying of heat- and sulfanilic acid-altered protein, which at the same time could be shown to have induced hypersensitivity of delayed type. — Histologically active chronic hepatitis was found in all animals. Other organs such as heart, lung, skeletal muscle, thyroid gland and kidney were not affected. 2. In short-term sensitizations with a high dosis of liver protein only dense lymphocytic infiltrations in the periportal areas were found histologically. In one animal only early changes of a chronic hepatitis were seen. Antigenic relations between human and rabbit liver proteins, as demonstrated earlier by serological techniques, are discussed in detail. Hypersensitivity of the delayed type would seem to play an important role in the development of active chronic hepatitis. This condition can be produced with long-term stimulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen über Herkunft und Beschaffenheit des Hemmkörpers der PGI von Kranken mit florider Psoriasis vulgaris haben ergeben, daß es sich um ein nur in der Zelle, in diesem Falle im Erythrocyten, nicht aber im Serum solcher Kranker vorliegendes Protein handelt.
    Notes: Summary The investigations on origin and nature of the phosphoglucose isomerase inhibiting factor of patients with floride psoriasis vulgaris point aut that it is a matter of a protein localized only in the cell, in this case in the erythrocyte, but not in the serum of such patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 233 (1968), S. 59-62 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen über das Vorkommen antinucleärer Faktoren (ANF) bei 28 Patienten mit Psoriasis vulgaris [20] und Psoriasis arthropathica [8] haben ein negatives Ergebnis erbracht. Bei keinem der Fälle wurden unter Anwendung verschiedener serologischer und immunhämatologischer Techniken antinucleäre Faktoren nachgewiesen. Als Vergleichskollektive dienten 24 Patienten mit LED, 12 Patienten mit progressiver Sklerodermie und 68 klinisch gesunde Blutspender.
    Notes: Summary Investigation concerning the occurrence of antinuclear factors in 28 patients with psoriasis vulgaris [20] and psoriasis arthropathica [8] yielded a negative result. In none of the cases using different serological and immunehaematological methods antinuclear factors could be detected. The control-collective included 24 patients with disseminated lupus erythematosus, 12 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis and 68 clinically healthy blood-donors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 47 (1969), S. 379-382 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The effect of Azathioprine (AP, “Imuran”) during a peroral application on the antibody response of the immediately type was investigated by rabbit experiments. The primary immunological response was found to be only particulary suppressed by doses of 4 mg AP/kg/day. Doses of 6 mg AP/kg/day suppress the primary response completely. This dose had no great influence on the secundary response. That was possible only when given toxical doses of 15 mg AP/kg/day. The suppressive effectiveness of AP at a lower dose than 6 mg/kg/day increases with the antigenic stimulation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von AP bei peroraler Applikation auf die Ak-Antwort vom Soforttyp wurde im Kaninchenexperiment geprüft. Die primärimmunologische Antwort ließ sich durch 4 mg AP/kg/Tag nur teilweise supprimieren. 6 mg waren voll wirksam hinsichtlich der Unterdrückung der Primärreaktion. Die Sekundärreaktion wurde von dieser AP-Dosis nicht wesentlich beeinflußt. Dies gelang erst mit toxischen Dosen von 15 mg AP/kg/Tag. Die Wirksamkeit von AP unterhalb von 6 mg/kg/Tag wächst mit dem Antigenstimulus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 43 (1965), S. 892-898 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary One case of LED and myastenia gravis (Patient aged 33 years), two cases of LED and Thyroiditis (patients aged 42 and 35 years), and immunopathological phenomena of 13 patients with LED were reported. — 3 of 4 patients with LED and positive rheumatoid factors had in the preclinical phase of LED a history of rheumatoid arthritis. — There are leukocytagglutinins in 3 and plateletagglutinins in 2 patients. Both agglutinins were present in these patients. The cytopenia therefore seemed to be caused by autoantibodies. — Factors against species-unspecific cytoplasmatic fractions of rat and pig liver were found by complement fixation-test only in one case using the microsome and mitochondria fractions as antigen. — Thyroid-antibodies were directed against human thyreoglobulin in one case, and against the microsome fractions of normal and pathological human thyroid as well as thyreoglobulin of colloid goitre in another one. — The rare observation of LED and myastenia gravis gave rise to the discussion of the relation between autoimmun diseases and thymus function.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Über immunpathologische Begleiterkrankungen und -phänomene beim LED wird anhand eines Falles von LED und Myasthenia gravis (33jährige Patientin), 2 Fällen von LED und Thyreoiditis (42- bzw. 35jährige Patientinnen) und 7 bzw. 13 weiteren LED-Patienten berichtet. — Von 4 LED-Patienten mit positiven Rheumafaktoren waren 3 aus einer chronischen Polyarthritis rheumatica hervorgegangen. — Die nachgewiesenen Leuko- bzw. Thrombocytenagglutinine bei 3 bzw. 2 Patienten traten in 2 Fällen im Sinne autoantikörperbedingter Cytopenien kombiniert auf. — Faktoren gegen speciesunspezifische cytoplasmatische Fraktionen von Ratten-und Schweineleber waren mit der KBR nur in einem Falle unter Verwendung der Mikrosomen bzw. Mitochondrienfraktion als Antigen nachweisbar. — Die Schilddrüsenantikörper waren in dem einen Fall gegen menschliches Thyreoglobulin, im anderen Fall gegen die Mikrosomenfraktionen gesunder und kranker menschlicher Schilddrüsen sowie Thyreoglobulin einer Kolloidstruma gerichtet. — Die seltene Beobachtung eines LED, kombiniert mit Myasthenia gravis war Anlaß, die Beziehungen von Autoimmunleiden zur Thymusfunktion zu diskutieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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