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  • 1990-1994  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 1622-1624 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion implantation of carbon in the AISI 52100 bearing steel yields a distinct reduction in friction and wear. This improvement is strongly dependent on the implanted fluence. The coefficient of friction decreases from 0.6 to 0.2 for doses 〉1×1018 cm−2 (energy 100 keV) and a wear reduction to nearly "zero wear'' was obtainable even under severe wear conditions. The counterpart (unimplanted AISI 52100 steel ball) shows a similar behavior, which demonstrates that the tribological system is totally changed. Mössbauer spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction revealed that hexagonal ε-carbide is formed on implantation. On the other hand, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry shows that for high doses a large fraction of the implanted carbon is not contained in this carbide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 157-162 (May 1994), p. 1299-1304 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer prospektiven Studie wurde durch Serien-Messungen der Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein (CRP) im Serum während 30 Knochenmarktransplantationen bei 28 Kindern und Jugendlichen der Wert der CRP-Spiegel-Bestimmung für die Beurteilung von Fieber nach allogener Knochenmarktransplantation ermittelt. Therapien und Maßnahmen im Rahmen der Knochenmarktransplantation lösten keinen signifikanten CRP-Anstieg aus. Ohne Vorkenntnis der CRP-Spiegel wurden 43 Fieberepisoden analysiert. Bakterielle Infektionen und Graft-versus-Host-Disease traten nur in 8/30 beziehungsweise 5/30 Fällen auf. Nur einmal stieg das CRP im Zusammenhang mit einer Graft-versus-host-disease an. Ein Antieg des CRP-Spiegels über 50 mg/l war kein sensitiver Parameter für eine bakterielle Infektion (4/8). Dagegen war eine bakterielle Infektion mit einer Spezifizität von 86% und einem negativen prädiktiven Wert von 88% ausgeschlossen, wenn bei Fieber ein CRP-Serumspiegel von weniger als 50 mg/l vorlag. Bei entsprechender Koordination der Spiegelmessungen und Interpretation im Kontext klinischer und mikrobiologischer Befunde können die CRP-Spiegel eine Hilfe im therapeutischen Management von Fieber nach Knochenmarktransplantation darstellen, wobei ein negativer CRP-Wert vor allem ein wertvoller Parameter für den Ausschluß einer bakteriellen Infektion ist.
    Notes: Summary The value of C-reactive protein (CRP) determinations in the analysis of fever after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was studied prospectively by serial measurements of serum CRP levels during 30 BMT episodes in 28 children and adolescents. The treatments and procedures accompanying BMT did not elicit a significant CRP response. Fourty-three febrile episodes were registered and analyzed, without previous knowledge of the results of CRP determinations. The incidence of bacterial infection and acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) was low, 8/30 and 5/30, respectively. Raised CRP levels occurred only once in association with GvHD. A CRP level higher than 50 mg/l was not sensitive as an indicator of bacterial infection (4/8). A CRP level below 50 mg/l in the presence of fever, however, excluded bacterial infection with a specificity of 86% and a negative predictive value of 88%. When timed properly and interpreted together with clinical and microbiological findings, CRP measurements can be a valuable aid in the management of fever after BMT, especially as a negative predictor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of suppression with antimicrobial agents of the intestinal microflora of paediatric bone marrow graft recipients on severe bacterial and fungal infections and on moderate to severe acute graft-versus-host disease was studied retrospectively. Data on 65 cases of bone marrow transplantation for either severe bone marrow failure or leukaemia, performed in a strict protective environment with either complete or selective gastrointestinal decontamination, were evaluated. All bone marrow grafts were from HLA-identical siblings and were not depleted of T-lymphocytes. Twenty percent of the recipients had one or more episodes of septicaemia during the granulocytopenic period after transplantation, mostly due to gram-positive bacteria. Only five children died due to infection, in each case caused by a microorganism originating from the endogenous flora. Complete gastrointestinal decontamination was superior to selective gastrointestinal decontamination in preventing infectious complications (p〈0.001). The same was the case for the prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease of grade II or higher, which was observed in 7 of 40 (17.5 %) completely decontaminated children versus 9 of 18 (50 %) selectively decontaminated children evaluable for graft-versus-host disease (p〈0.01). It is concluded that complete gastrointestinal decontamination in a strict protective environment is a feasible and very effective method for preventing severe infections and acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in children and adolescents; it resulted in a low transplantation-related mortality of 26 % and a good quality of survival in 69 % of the graft recipients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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