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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 45 (1994), S. 733-745 
    ISSN: 1420-9039
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The velocity and pressure fields of a Newtonian fluid with homogeneous and constant physical properties flowing around a sphere on the axis of a cylindrical tube with no slip, free slip and partial slip at the sphere surface and no slip at the cylinder wall have been calculated by solving the Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation using the finite element technique with the penalty function method. Terminal rise velocities of spherical air bubbles in water have been calculated as function of the bubble radius and some conclusions have been drawn about the nature of the interface. Finally, the influence of the presence of a cylindrical wall on the drag force has been determined and a new empirical equation is derived for the wall correction factor for a sphere rising with free slip at its surface at low Reynolds number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Paris : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Revue de littérature comparée. 66:2 (1992:avril/juin) 227 
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 46 (1994), S. 175-177 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Grapefruit juice ; Coumarin ; Flavonoids ; Pharmacokinetics ; cytochrome P450 ; metabolism inhibition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of grapefruit juice on the urinary excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin after oral administration of 10 mg coumarin, as an index of cytochrome P450 dependent coumarin metabolism, has been investigated in an open, randomised cross over study in 13 healthy volunteers (7 female, 6 male). The percentage of 7-hydroxycoumarin found in urine was significantly decreased up to 8 h after simultaneous intake of 300 ml grapefruit juice. If the same volume of juice was swallowed 30 min prior to the administration of coumarin, 7-hydroxycoumarin excretion was delayed by up to 6 h. MRTexcr. of coumarin was 70 % extended by coadministration of grapefruit juice. It appears that grapefruit flavonoids inhibit cytochrome P450 2A dependent metabolic pathways. The mechanism of cytochrome P450 inhibition by these flavonoids is still poorly understood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 41 (1991), S. 475-480 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Cytochrome P450 ; liver disease ; in vitro ; in vivo ; 7-ethoxycomarin O-deethylase ; caffeine ; metamizol ; smoking ; biotransformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activity of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD) has been measured in liver biopsy samples from 23 patients (smokers and non-smokers) with different degrees of structural liver damage. The results, which reflect in vitro cytochrome P450-dependent biotransformation, were correlated with various measures of the P450-dependent in vivo elimination of caffeine and metamizol. The relatively non-specific, low affinity component of ECOD activity was significantly correlated with the kinetics of metamizol (mean residence time, apparent clearance, half-life, area under the concentration-time curve, and metabolite excretion in the urine). Thus, metamizol elimination, which is mainly due to P450 IIB, and the low affinity component of ECOD both reflect, at least in part, the activity of the same form of P450. In contrast, caffeine biotransformation, which is via P450 IA, was not correlated with ECOD activity. There was no relation between the kinetics of metamizol and caffeine, perhaps because of the inducing effect that smoking has on caffeine elimination. In patients with liver disease, smoking appears to alter the elimination of caffeine more than the degree of liver disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 9 (1993), S. 591-598 
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Malignant melanoma ; Skin cancer ; Epidemiology ; Educational work
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The growing incidence of all kinds of skin cancer is a worldwide phenomenon observed in the last decades. Malignant melanoma is of special concern because of its high death rate when in an advanced stage, poor therapeutic response and fast growing incidence. Malignant melanoma is primarily located on the skin and therefore well suited for early cancer detection. The “Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft” carried out a highly successful information campaign in Germany. Under this roof we organised different campaigns. Following considerable success in a campaign in 1989, a total of 1467 patients were examined and advised in the course of a local initiative (Education Campaign “Black cancer”) in the city of Bochum (∼ 400,000 inhabitants) in the summer of 1991. In addition to full body examinations, important data were collected concerning the degree of knowledge about skin cancer, epidemiology, and the risk of skin cancer in general. As a result of the clinical examinations, 73 patients with strongly suspected skin cancer have been treated. Within this group, 14 malignant melanomas (1.0%) as well as 34 basal cell carcinomas (1.9%) were diagnosed. These numbers highly exceed the assumed risk incidence of skin cancer in Germany. Even on the assumption that the population was selective it is to be feared that a high number of individuals with skin cancer remain undetected and untreated. The majority of persons seeking advice had been motivated by the local media. The response and results of this local campaign indicate that further preventive measures for the general population in Europe are conceivable, meaningful and urgently needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 378 (1993), S. 297-303 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Carotid endarteriectomy ; Carotid stenosis ; Risk factors ; Cerebrovascular disorders ; Geriatrics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Bedeutung des Alters als prognostischer Faktor im Rahmen der Karotischirurgie wurde anhand der vom 12.08.1986 bis 31.10.1991 an der Chirurgischen Universitätsklinik Erlangen durchgeführten primären Karotisrekonstruktionen untersucht. In diesem Zeitraum wurden 594 Operationen an 546 Patienten unter Ableitung von somatosensibel evozierten Potentialen (SEP) vorgenommen. Die Gruppe der über 75jährigen bestand aus 139 Patienten (150 Operationen), deren Durchschnittsalter bei 78,2 Jahren lag. Demgegenüber betrug das Durchschnittsalter der jüngeren Patienten 64,4 Jahre. Bezüglich der präoperativen neurologischen Stadienverteilung zeigte sich kein Unterschied zwischen den Altersgruppen. Allerdings ließ sich eine andere Verteilung sowohl der Risikofaktoren als auch der Begleiterkrankungen nachweisen. Bezogen auf die ersten 30 postoperativen Tage betrug die Mortalitätsrate 1,7% bzw. 0,7% in der Gruppe der unter bzw. über 75jäahrigen. Die entsprechenden Apoplexraten lagen bei 1,7% bzw. 0,7%. Es zeigte sich kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen beiden Altersgruppen. Der Nachbeobachtungszeitraum lag zwischen einem und 68 Monaten. Die kumulierten Fünfjahresüberlebensraten betrugen 72,2% bzw. 68,2%. Kardiale Todesfälle standen unabhängig vom Alter an erster Stelle; bei den Jüngeren in erster Linie tödlich verlaufende Herzinfarkte, bei den Älteren andere kardiale Ursachen. Die kumulierten Fünfjahresapoplexfreiheitsraten lauten 81,0% bzw. 91,3%. Es war ein tendenziell schlechteres Abschneiden der älteren Patienten in den Stadien IIb und IV festzustellen.
    Notes: Abstract The significance of age as a prognostic factor was evaluated in patients undergoing carotid artery surgery between 12.8.86 and 31.10.92 in the Department of Vascular Surgery, Erlangen. 594 operations were performed on 546 consecutive patients using somatosensory evoked potentials as routine monitoring. Patients were divided into an older group of 139 (150 operations) with a mean age of 78.2 years and a younger group of 407 (444 operations) with a mean age of 64.4 years. There was no statistical difference in preoperative neurological status and number of risk factors, although there were different distributions of risk factors and concurrent illnesses. Thirty-day mortality rates were 1.7% for younger and 0.7% for older patients, and the incidence of postoperative stroke was 1.7% and 0.7% respectively (not statistically significant). Cumulative 5-year survival was 72.2% and 68.2% respectively. Cardiac diseases were the main cause of death in both groups, mainly fatal cardiac ischemia in younger patients and non-ischemic disease in the older patients. The 5-year stroke-free survival rate was 81 % and 91.3 % respectively (not significant). There was a trend towards a worse outcome for older patients with stages IIb and IV disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 338 (1991), S. 23-49 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 27.30.−t ; 21.10.Hw ; 21.60.Cs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Gamma-decay modes and spin(-parity) assignments of levels in25Mg have been systematically investigated up to 10 MeV excitation energy by particle-γ-ray angularcorrelation measurements with the24Mg(d, pγ) reaction at 6.5 MeV bombarding energy and with the22Ne(α,nγ) reaction at 11.8, 12.5, 14.4 and 15.5 MeV bombarding energy. A level scheme has been established which is comprehensive up to 8.3 MeV excitation energy forI≦9/2 and up to 10 MeV for 9/2〈I≦15/2. The excitation energies and electromagnetic properties of more than 70 states for which positive parity has been established or is most probable are compared with the results of shell-model calculations which use the complete configuration space of theO d 5/2 — 1s 1/2-O d 3/2 shell and the unifieds-d shell Hamiltonian. The agreement is good to excellent. The first intruder states are located near 6.8 MeV excitation energy. The collective properties of25Mg beyond the well established rotational bands are investigated using both the new experimental information and theB(E2)'s obtained from the shell model. The spectrum of25Mg is completely rotational for the first five to six MeV above the yrast line. Shell modelB (M 1)'s reflect the Nilsson model structure of25Mg in great detail. The prospectiveI π=9/2−, 13/2−, and 15/2− members of the established negative-parity,K=1/2 band are found in levels atE x=7801, 9410, and 8896 keV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 33 (1994), S. 355-359 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Microbially produced poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) and a copolymer were investigated by measuring tensile strength, Young's modulus and molar mass after different periods of thermal treatment at temperatures slightly above their melting temperatures in order to describe the changes of molecular and mechanical properties. The tensile strength turns out to be strongly influenced by time and temperature of heat treatment. After a heat treatment for 10 min at 190 °C the tensile strength drops to 30% of its initial value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 20 (1991), S. 305-308 
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 78.40−q ; 36.40.d ; 42.10.−s
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The optical response of many-cluster systems (cluster matter) depends strongly on the mean filling factor and on its local variations. This is shown from Au clusters of various sizes which form coagulation systems. Measured spectra of the extinction, the absorbance, the integral scattering, the angle resolved scattering, the regular reflection and corresponding TEM micrographs are presented. It is demonstrated that by varyingf from 10−6 to 0.5 the incoherent Mie scattering is transformed into regular geometric-optical transmission and reflection (“Oseen-transition”) while the spectral features even of the most densely packed samples still differ strongly from those of a bulk Au film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: GC/MS ; Polychlorodibenzodioxins ; Polychlorodibenzofurans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The analysis of polychlorodibenzodioxins and polychlorodibenzofurans on a novel multidimensional (CGC-CGC-MS) configuration is presented. The system is based on flow controlled column switching, allowing the simultaneous isomeric separation of tetrachloro-, pentachloro- and hexachloro-substituted dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans on a polar column and the analysis of heptachloro- and octachloro-substituted dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans on an apolar column. PTV injection in the solvent vent mode allows analysis of large sample sizes approaching in this way the sensitivity of CGC—high resolution MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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