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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platinum-Gold Cluster Catalysts for D2(gas)/H2O(liquid) Isotope Exchange (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 33 (1994), S. 3852-3854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00096a002
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel variety of atypical pneumocystis carinii infection after long-term prophylactic pentamidine inhalation in an AIDS patient: large lower lobe pneumocystoma (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 310-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: HIV infection ; AIDS ; Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ; Pentamidine inhalation ; Prophylaxis ; Pneumocystoma ; Nodular infiltrates ; Pulmonary masses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Atypical pulmonary manifestations of Pneumocystis carinii infection and fair numbers of extrapulmonary and disseminated infections have lately been documented in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection treated prophylactically with inhalative pentamidine. We report the case of a 32-year-old homosexual patient who was assessed for complaints of night sweats, weight loss, and progressive malaise. The patient denied any respiratory tract symptoms such as cough, sputum production, pleuritic chest pain, or shortness of breath. Chest X-ray revealed two large round noncavitating lesions in the lower lobe of the right lung. Pneumocystomas were diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration. A 3-week course of intravenous high-dose cotrimoxazole resulted in amelioration of symptoms but no change in the radiographic appearance of the pulmonary lesions. Four months later the patient is alive and stable and is being treated with pentamidine inhalation of 300 mg per 2 weeks and two tablets of pyrimethamine sulfadoxine per week.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184733
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aluminum-coated optical fibers as efficient infrared timing fiducial photocathodes for synchronizing x-ray streak cameras (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 6935-6944 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The timing fiducial system at the Nova Two-Beam Facility allows time-resolved x-ray and optical streak camera data from laser-produced plasmas to be synchronized to within 30 ps. In this system, an Al-coated optical fiber is inserted into an aperture in the cathode plate of each streak camera. The coating acts as a photocathode for a low-energy pulse of 1ω (λ = 1.054 μm) light which is synchronized to the main Nova beam. The use of the fundamental (1ω) for this fiducial pulse has been found to offer significant advantages over the use of the 2ω second harmonic (λ = 0.53 μm). These advantages include brighter signals, greater reliability, and a higher relative damage threshold, allowing routine use without fiber replacement. The operation of the system is described, and experimental data and interpretations are discussed which suggest that the electron production in the Al film is due to thermionic emission. The results of detailed numerical simulations of the relevant thermal processes, undertaken to model the response of the coated fiber to 1ω laser pulses, are also presented, which give qualitative agreement with experimental data. Quantitative discrepancies between the modeling results and the experimental data are discussed, and suggestions for further research are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347631
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short wavelength x-ray laser research at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (1992)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 4 (1992), S. 2326-2337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Laboratory x-ray lasers are currently being studied by researchers worldwide. This paper reviews some of the recent work carried out at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Laser action has been demonstrated at wavelengths as short as 35.6 A(ring) while saturation of the small signal gain has been observed with longer wavelength schemes. Some of the most successful schemes to date have been collisionally pumped x-ray lasers that use the thermal electron distribution within a laser-produced plasma to excite electrons from closed shells in neon- and nickel-like ions to metastable levels in the next shell. Attempts to quantify and improve the longitudinal and transverse coherence of collisionally pumped x-ray lasers are motivated by the desire to produce sources for specific applications. Toward this goal there is a large effort underway to enhance the power output of the Ni-like Ta x-ray laser at 44.83 A(ring) as a source for x-ray imaging of live cells. Improving the efficiency of x-ray lasers in order to produce saturated output with smaller pump lasers is also a goal of this work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860203
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple method for overcoming spatial resolution limitations in soft x-ray spectrograph/detector systems : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 5122-5123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe a simple method for improving the spectral resolution of soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet spectrographs which use electro-optical detector/intensifiers. In this method, the spectrometer is focused onto a narrow slit which is angled near 90° with respect to the dispersive axis and placed just in front of the detector. Proper choice of the width and angle of the slit is shown to have the effect of expanding the spectrum along the length of the slit to the point where the spatial resolution limitations of the detector are overcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143459
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5,5-Dichloro-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b, f ]stannepine (1990)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 46 (1990), S. 2088-2091 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270190003985
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of gain and hyperfine splitting in the niobium X-ray laser (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 58 (1994), S. 3-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 31.30.Gs ; 32.70.Jz
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Neon-like niobium X-ray lasers have been studied using both slab and thin-foil target geometries. Niobium foils of various lengths were irradiated from both sides with two beams of the frequency-doubled Nova laser system using a line focus. We looked for gain by measuring spectrally integrated line intensities at different plasma lengths. Gain was observed in four neon-like niobium lines corresponding to 3s−3p transitions. The line profile of theJ = 0−1 line (λ = 145.9 Å) shows splitting due to the hyperfine effect. Improved contrast in the hyperfine structure is observed as the plasma length is increased. Hyperfine splitting may be relevant to other 3s−3p transitions in neon-like niobium as well as other neon-like X-ray laser systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081705
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray lasers as sources for resonance-fluorescence experiments (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 58 (1994), S. 7-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55.Vc ; 32.30.Rj ; 52.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We point out that existing Ne-like X-ray lasers have sufficient brightness to be used as pump sources in resonant pump-fluorescence experiments, and we discuss some of the potential benefits and limitations of such experiments. In preliminary experiments, we have measured the line overlap of the Ne-like yttrium X-ray laser near 155 Å with 4f−3d transitions in H-like Na and He-like Mg. These experiments used a high-resolution grating spectrometer, and calibrated the wavelength of the yttrium laser by comparison against lines of known wavelength. The results indicate that the wavelength of the yttrium laser is 154.985 ± 0.025 Å, a factor of 2–4 improvement in precision over previous calibrations. We find that the yttrium laser is ≈ 100 mÅ to the long-wavelength side of both the He-like Mg line and the H-like Na line, so that neither resonance is perfect; however, Stark broadening could improve the overlap in the latter scheme, and bulk Doppler shifting could improve both resonances. We also find a good resonance between the yttrium laser and an un-identified transition which we tentatively attribute to copper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081706
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First observation of lasing at 231 Å in neon-like nickel using the prepulse technique (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 57 (1993), S. 309-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60.By ; 32.30.Rj
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report lasing for the first time in nickel on the neon-like J=0→1, 3p→3s transition at 231 Å as well as several weaker transitions including the J=2»1 lines at 298 Å and 304 Å. Amplification is seen only when the prepulse technique of using a low intensity prepulse before the main optical drive pulse is used to illuminate the nickel target. The prepulse technique is also shown to produce lasing in copper and dramatically improve the output of the germanium laser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332454
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A funding system for community mental health services (1992)
    Springer
    Administration and policy in mental health and mental health services research 20 (1992), S. 101-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3289
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Allocation of funds to community-based providers of mental health services is a critical activity of state mental health authorities. Despite its importance, there has been very little empirical research and few published articles on formula-based, funding allocation methods. In this article, a description is presented of the system used in Virginia to fund community services.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00706076
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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