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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disease resistance in farm animals (1991)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 923-934 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Disease resistance ; genetic variations ; Mx system ; breeding techniques ; transgenes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Genetic variations in disease resistance of farm animals can be observed at all levels of defence against infectious agents. In most cases susceptibility to infections has polygenic origins. In domestic animals only a few instances of a single genetic locus responsible for disease resistance are known. A well-examined example is the Mx1 gene product of certain mice strains conferring selective resistance to influenza virus infections. Attempts to improve disease resistance by gene transfer of different gene constructs into farm animals include the use of monoclonal antibody gene constructs, transgenes consisting of antisense RNA genes directed against viruses and Mx1 cDNA containing transgenes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01929883
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The islet-acinar axis of the pancreas: Is there a role for glucagon or a glucagon-like peptide? (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 50 (1994), S. 442-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Glucagon ; endocrine pancreas ; exocrine pancreas ; islet-acinar axis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intravenous glucagon inhibits exocrine pancreatic secretion in vivo, but exogenous glucagon does not affect exocrine secretion in vitro. Recent work, however, suggested that endogenous glucagon may be involved in the regulation of exocrine secretion even in vitro. We therefore investigated the effects of exogenous and endogenous glucagon on exocrine secretion by the isolated perfused rat pancreas in the presence of 1.8 mM glucose. Exogenous glucagon did not affect CCK-stimulated amylase output. 20 mM arginine stimulated glucagon release, but did not affect basal enzyme secretion. CCK-stimulated amylase output, however, was significantly inhibited in the presence of arginine. This inhibitory effect of arginine on exocrine pancreatic secretion could be blocked by glucagon antibodies, but not by nonspecific gammaglobulins. Thus exogenous glucagon failed to affect exocrine pancreatic secretion in vitro, but endogenously released glucagon or a glucagon-like peptide inhibited amylase release in the isolated perfused pancreas. We conclude that glucagon or a glucagon-like peptide may be a mediator in the islet-acinar axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01920743
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thrombogenic factors are related to urinary albumin excretion rate in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 1045-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; coagulation factors ; lipid peroxides ; endothelial cell ; cardiovascular risk ; diabetic nephropathy ; urinary albumin excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Parameters of haemostasis, endothelial cell markers and lipid peroxide levels were studied in 64 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and 94 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients according to their urinary albumin excretion rate in comparison with age-matched control subjects. We determined plasma levels of fibrinogen (Clauss' method), coagulation factor VII:activity (clotting assay), factor VII antigen, protein C and S antigen, von Willebrand factor antigen,d-dimer concentration (ELISA), and lipid peroxide levels (thiobarbituric acid) in relation to urinary albumin excretion rate (RIA). Significant positive correlations were found between urinary albumin excretion rate and plasma fibrinogen (p〈0.005,p〈0.02), factor VII activity (p〈0.0002,p〈0.002), factor VII antigen (p〈0.0001,p〈0.001), protein C (p〈0.003,p〈0.05), and lipid peroxides (p〈0.02,p〈0.004) in Type 1 as well as in Type 2 diabetes. Von Willebrand factor (p〈0.001) and protein S (p〈0.0005) correlated with albuminuria only in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Although most of the haemostatic abnormalities are already found in normoalbuminuric patients, the significant positive correlations to urinary albumin excretion indicate that endothelial cell damage and coagulation disorders deteriorate with the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374497
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ornithine decarboxylase in reversible cerebral ischemia: an immunohistochemical study (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 83 (1991), S. 39-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Brain ; Cerebral ischemia ; Gerbil ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hippocampus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Anesthetized Mongolian gerbils were subjected to 5-min ischemia and 8 h of recirculation. Vibratiom sections were taken for studying changes in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) immunoreactivity using an antiserum to ODC, and tissue samples were taken for measuring ODC activity. After 5-min ischemia and 8-h recirculation ODC activity increased 11.5-, 5.9-, and 7.9-fold in the cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus, respectively (P≤0.05 to 0.01). In the cortex, striatum and hippocampus of control animals immunoreactivity was low but clearly above the detection limit. The reaction was confined to neurons. After 5-min ischemia and 8-h recirculation a sharp increase in immunoreactivity was observed confined to neurons, indicating that the postischemic activation of polyamine metabolism is a neuronal response to ischemia. The immunoreactivity was markedly increased in the perinuclear cytoplasm and the dendrites. In the striatum the density of neurons exhibiting a sharp increase in immunoreactivity was more pronounced in the lateral than in the ventral part. In the hippocampus a strong reaction was present in all subfields but the CA1 subfield was particularly affected. The present study demonstrates for the first time that biosynthesis of a protein is markedly activated during the first 24 h of recirculation after 5-min cerebral ischemia of gerbils even in the vulnerable CA1 subfield, in which the overall protein synthesis is sharply reduced at the same time. Studying polyamine metabolism after ischemia may, thus, provide new information about the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for the altered gene expression after metabolic stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294428
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative long-term experience with immunoadsorption and dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption for extracorporeal elimination of low-density lipoproteins (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 660-668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Low-density lipoprotein apheresis ; Immunoadsorption ; Dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption ; Familial hypercholesterolemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis methods allowing a specific extracorporeal removal of atherogenic lipoproteins from plasma were compared concerning their efficacy and safety in the long-term therapy of severe familial hypercholesterolemia. Five patients were treated with immunoadsorption (IMA) at weekly intervals over 3 years each, and three patients received weekly therapy with dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption (DSA) for up to 2 years. The mean plasma volume processed per session to decrease total cholesterol to a target level of 100–150 mg/dl at the end of LDL apheresis was significantly lower in DSA than in IMA: 143% vs. 180% of the individual plasma volume. Both LDL apheresis procedures achieved a mean acute reduction of plasma LDL cholesterol by more than 70%. The average interval concentrations of plasma LDL cholesterol obtained without concomitant lipid-lowering medication were 151 ± 26 mg/dl compared to 351 ± 65 mg/dl at baseline in the IMA-treated patients and 139 ± 18 mg/dl compared to 359 ± 48 mg/dl at baseline in the DSA-treated patients. Two patients from the DSA group died after 2 years of study participation due to a stroke and a sudden cardiac death several days after the last plasma therapy. Treatment-related side effects were infrequent. Long-term therapy with IMA and DSA was associated with symptomatic improvement of coronary artery disease and mobilization of tissue cholesterol deposits. Analysis of coronary angiograms after 3 years of weekly LDL apheresis with IMA revealed in five patients nearly identical atherosclerotic lesions without definite regression or progression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212983
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneity in the immunolocalization of cytokeratin-specific monoclonal antibodies in the rat lung: evaluation of three different alveolar epithelial cell types (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 100 (1993), S. 65-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of individual cytokeratin polypeptides in the adult rat lung parenchyma was investigated by immunohistochemistry with 44 monoclonal and 2 polyclonal antibodies. Simple epithelial cytokeratins 7, 8, 18 and 19 were found to be expressed differently in alveolar and bronchial epithelial cells. Three distinct types of alveolar cells were detected according to their pattern of immunoreactivity: type II cells strongly expressing cytokeratins 8 and 18 and weakly expressing cytokeratins 7 and 19 in the cell periphery; type I cells predominantly positive for cytokeratins 7 and 19 and weakly for cytokeratin 8; and a newly defined third cell type III (alveolar brush cell) with cytokeratin 18 abundantly expressed but organized in an unusual intracellular (“globular”) structure. The latter cell type failed to bind the type II specific Maclura pomifera lectin, and contained no surfactant proteins. Bronchial epithelial cells exhibited a more or less uniform staining pattern for cytokeratins 8, 18 and 19 and focally for cytokeratins 4 and 7.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268879
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical analysis of pulse formation in solid-state lasers mode-locked with a linear external cavity (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 54 (1992), S. 136-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55R ; 42.60F ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We analyse pulse formation in solid-state lasers mode-locked with a linear external cavity with translating mirror. Based on a numerical simulation the mode-locking mechanism is found to be that of an active mode-locking due to the explicitly time-dependent phase shift by the external cavity involving a slowly moving mirror and a non-zero temporal mismatch to the master cavity. Additional pulse shortening and stabilization is performed by the additive pulse mode-locking mechanism arising from self-phase modulation due to a Kerr-type non-resonant nonlinearity in the host crystal of the laser amplifier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331886
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering of Electrons by Dislocations: Theory and Application (1993)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 35-36 (Sept. 1993), p. 557-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/25/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.35-36.557.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte carlo studies of phase transitions in polymer blends and block copolymer melts (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 653-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Macromolecular and polymer solutions (solubility, swelling, etc.) ; polymer melts ; Critical point phenomena ; Liquid-liquid transitions ; Monte Carlo and statistical methods ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary The unmixing transition of both symmetrical polymer blends AB (i.e. chain lengthsN A=N B=N) and asymmetrical ones (N B/N A=2,3) is studied by large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model. Combination of semi-grand-canonical simulation techniques, «histogram reweighting» and finitesize scaling allows an accurate location of the coexistence curve in the critical region. The variation of the critical temperature with chain length (N) is studied and compared to theoretical predictions. For the symmetrical case, use of chain lengths up toN=512 allows a rough estimation of crossover scaling functions for the crossover from Ising to mean-field exponents. The order-disorder transitions in melts of both symmetric (compositionf=N A/(N A+N B)=1/2) and asymmetric (f=3/4) block copolymers is studied for very short chains (16≤N≤60). The interplay between structure and chain configuration is emphasized. Qualitative evidence for «dumbell formation» of chains and vacancy enrichment in A-B-interfaces and near hard walls is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02456709
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bolus Application of a Novel Recombinant Plasminogen Activator in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients: Pharmacokinetics and Effects on the Hemostatic System (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 667 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb51641.x
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