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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatitis C virus associated primary hepatocellular carcinoma in a noncirrhotic liver (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 49-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ; Non-cirrhotic liver ; Hepatitis B virus (HBV) ; Hepatitis C virus (HCV) ; Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The case of a 71-year-old man with a primary hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic liver is reported. There were no risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-like liver cirrhosis, alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking, exposure to vinyl chloride, thorotrast, aflatoxin or α1-antitrypsin deficiency. Serologically, the patient was positive for antibodies to the hepatitis B virus (anti-HBc, anti-HBs) and for anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies. Virologically, positive and negative strands of HCV RNA could be detected in the patient's serum and tumorous liver tissue by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction as a sign of persistent HCV replication. Histologically, the HCC was completely surrounded by liver tissue which showed the signs of nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Indeed, the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis remains to be clarified. However, this case supports the observation that HCC may also develop in patients with HCV infection without preexisting liver cirrhosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210964
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sustained elimination of hepatitis B virus from serum induced in a patient with chronic hepatitis B and advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 1030-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus ; Hepatitis B virus ; Interferon-α ; Corticosteroid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 48-year-old male patient was admitted with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (stage III, Centers for Disease Control 1993) and viremic hepatitis B. Blood CD4 count was 15/μl. Discontinuation of prednisolone, previously prescribed by the patient's family practitioner because of elevated liver enzymes, resulted in severe hepatitis (alanine aminotransferase 〉 300U/1). Administration of interferon-α, (9 × 106U s.c. 3 × weekly) was initiated. Serum markers of viral replication disappeared, and aminotransferase levels returned to normal within a few weeks. The patient's serum was found negative for HBsAg after 3 months. Immunohistochemical analysis of liver biopsies before and during interferon therapy showed disappearance of all hepatitis B virus antigens and a marked reduction in inflammatory activity. Hepatitis B virus seroconversion remained stable until the patient died from the syndrome 2 years later. This case shows that in spite of severe HIV-associated immune deficiency with CD4 counts constantly below 100/μl, interferon-α can lead to sustained serological and histological improvement of viremic hepatitis B. Previous administration and discontinuation of cortisone may have helped to reach this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00577750
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumor necrosis factor and interferon as prognostic markers in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (1991)
    Springer
    Infection 19 (1991), S. S93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Periphere Blutzellen von Patienten mit unterschiedlichen Stadien der HIV-Infektion wurden auf ihre Fähigkeit, alpha-oder gamma-Interferon oder Tumornekrosefaktor-alpha zu bilden, untersucht. Die endogene alpha-Interferon Produktion war im Walter-Reed-Stadium 2 (WR) bereits reduziert, während dies für gamma-Interferon erst im WR-Stadium 4 zutraf. Die endogene TNF Produktion stieg mit Fortschritt der HIV-Erkrankung an. Die Untersuchungen ergeben neue Informationen über die progressive Zerstörung des Immunsystemes durch HIV. TNF und das säurelabile alpha-Interferon können zusätzlich HIV Replikation und Krankheitsfortschritt begünstigen. Die vorgestellten Tests sind wegen ihres Zeitaufwandes nicht in der Routineanalyse der HIV Infektion, der Therapiekontrolle oder bei Interventionsstrategien sinnvoll. Weitere klinische Untersuchungen sind notwendig.
    Notes: Summary Peripheral blood cells were obtained from patients at different stages of their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It was found that the capacity to generate interferon alpha was reduced already at Walter Reed stage 2 (WR) while the interferon gamma capacity remained largely unaffected until WR stage 4. Endogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha production increased as the HIV disease progressed. The data obtained add to our knowledge on destruction of the immune system by the HIV. Moreover TNF and acid labile interferon alpha might contribute to HIV replication and disease progression. Nevertheless the tests performed are too time-consuming to be introduced into routine analysis of HIV infection or for monitoring its therapy and can so far not be used for intervention strategies. Further studies are needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01644475
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human T helper cells reactive with somatic bacterial antigens belong to the Th1 subset (1994)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 183 (1994), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the cytokine secretion patterns of human T helper cells from healthy donors reactive with somatic antigens from various bacteria, the nematode Anisakis and tetanus toxoid. From the peripheral blood of four healthy donors we have established 70 T cell lines reactive with antigens from Yersinia, Salmonella, Morganella, Klebsiella, Serratia, Escherichia, Chlamydia, Shigella, Streptococcus, tetanus toxoid and Anisakis, respectively. Our results show that all T cells reactive with bacteria produce interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), but no interleukin (IL)-4 and no or very little IL-2 and IL-10 and, thus, belong to the Th1 subset, while T cells reactive with tetanus toxoid or Anisakis belong to the ThO subset with production of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α. In summary, our data further substantiate the concept of a functional diversity of human T helper cells with respect to their cytokine profiles. Furthermore, they indicate that a Th1 cytokine profile is not restricted to intracellular bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196051
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of anti-cytoskeleton antibody activities in synovial fluid with interleukin-6 in patients with osteoarthritis and inflammatory joint disease (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 68 (1990), S. 685-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Synovial fluid ; IL-6 ; Cytoskeleton ; Antibodies ; ELISA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Synovial fluids and sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, yersinia arthritis, Behçet's syndrome, Crohn's disease, and osteoarthritis were tested for antinuclear antibodies and antibodies to five cytoskeletal components in sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems and for IL-6 concentrations in a proliferation assay (IL-6 dependent hybridoma cell line B13.29, subclone B9). Statistically significant correlations between antibody activities and IL-6 levels were found for vimentin antibodies (r= 0.56; p〈0.05) and actin antibodies (r= 0.44;p〈0.05). In patients with chronic and active disease like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, optical densities measured by vimentin- and actin-ELISA were significantly different from those measured in patients with osteoarthritis. To date only a few reports exist concerning the incidence of antibodies in synovial fluids. We have shown to our knowledge for the first time that IL-6 seems to induce synovial fluid antibody activities restricted to cytoskeletal components of synoviocytes (i.e., vimentin and actin). Synovial fluid antibody activities against vimentin and actin appear to be markers of activity in patients with inflammatory joint disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01667017
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sinusoidal endothelial liver cells in vitro release endothelin — Augmentation by transforming growth factorβ and Kupffer cell-conditioned media (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 387-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Endothelin ; Liver ; Sinusoidal endothelial cells ; Transforming growth factorβ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Endothelin is the most potent vasoconstrictor peptide known today. Using a radioimmunoassay for endothelin, we measured immunoreactive endothelin in culture media of guinea pig sinusoidal endothelial liver cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. A time-dependent release of immunoreactive endothelin by confluent sinusoidal endothelial liver cells in culture was found. Sinusoidal endothelial liver cells produced similar amounts of immunoreactive endothelin as umbilical vein endothelial cells, about 900 pg/μg DNA per 24 h. In the presence of transforming growth factorβ a dose-dependent increase of immunoreactive endothelin release was measured. The maximal increase of 50% was found at a concentration of 1 ng transforming growth factor per ml. To a similar extent Kupffer cell-conditioned media augmented the release of immunoreactive endothelin by sinusoidal endothelial liver cells, especially when Kupffer cells had been stimulated by endotoxin. Endotoxin itself did not alter the release of immunoreactive endothelin. Endothelin released by sinusoidal endothelial liver cells might influence the pericytes of the liver, i.e., the Ito-cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01647411
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute hepatic failure: limitations of medical treatment and indications for liver transplantation (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 875-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Acute hepatic failure ; Liver transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185596
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interferon-α2a increases serum concentration of hyaluronic acid and type III procollagen aminoterminal propeptide in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (1994)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 39 (1994), S. 2007-2013 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: hyaluronic acid ; procollagen ; hepatitis B therapy ; interferon-α
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) has become an important drug for the treatment of chronic viral liver diseases. However, the action of IFN-α remains unclear. We investigated whether human recombinant IFN-α modulates serum concentrations of hyaluronic acid (HA) and type III procollagen aminoterminal propeptide (P-III-NP) in 56 patients with chronic hepatitis-B under IFN-α therapy. IFN-α increased the HA serum level in 44 of 46 patients and, after cessation of treatment, HA serum levels returned to the pretherapy levels. The increase of HA serum level was higher in patients with active cirrhosis (aC) than in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) and in patients with severe inflammation compared to those with moderate inflammation. Interestingly, HA serum concentration was unrelated to IFN dose and was of no predictive value for therapy response. In contrast, IFN-α increased significantly the P-III-NP serum level in patients with aC only. During follow-up, P-III-NP serum level decreased late in responders in parallel to the decrease of serum level of liver enzymes, in non-responders it was without significant change. The first dose of IFN induced a significant increase in HA serum level in each of 10 patients but in none of four healthy volunteers. In contrast, P-III-NP serum concentrations were not influenced by the first IFN-α dose. We conclude that: (1) immunstimulation with IFN-α induces a rapid increase of HA serum level in patients with chronic hepatitis B but not in normal persons; (2) IFN-α increases P-III-NP serum level only in patients with active liver cirrhosis; (3) measurement of HA and P-III-NP serum levels does not help predict response to IFN-α, and (4) HA serum level may be used as a compliance indicator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02088139
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