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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new treatment for endometrial cancer with gonadotrophin releasing-hormone analogue (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 98 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective— To test the antitumour effect of gonadotrophin releasing-hormone (GnRH) analogues in women with recurrent endometrial cancer.Design— An open phase II observational trial of GnRH analogues. Serial measurements of gonadotrophins, sex hormones and tumour dimensions were made together with repeat biopsy when possible to assess the response to treatment.Setting— The outpatient clinics of the Department of Medical Oncology at The Royal London, Royal Marsden and St Bartholomew's hospitals.Subjects— 17 patients with endometrial cancer which had recurred after surgery, radiotherapy and progesterone treatment and was symptomatic, progressive and assessable for response.Intervention— Monthly subcutaneous injection of GnRH analogue.Main outcome measures— Reduction in serum gonadotrophins and reduction in tumour dimensions.Results— Six out of 17 patients (35%, 95% CI 12.6–58%) achieved a complete or partial remission which continues for a median of 20 months with no adverse effects.Conclusion— GnRH analogues have a significant antitumour effect in recurrent endometrial cancer which warrants further examination in comparison with progestogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1991.tb15343.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preservation of sexual function after salvage retroperitoneal node dissection following chemotherapy for testicular tumors (1992)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 10 (1992), S. 59-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Salvage radical retroperitoneal node dissection for large residual masses remaining after chemotherapy for testicular cancer was performed in 41 patients. In 10 instances it was possible to carry out a radical removal and attempt to preserve the sympathetic chain on one side. Ejaculation was preserved in 8 of these cases. Where removal of the mass was complete (33 cases) active cancer was present in 6, only one of whom developed tumor recurrence. Salvage node dissection is worthwhile, and in about 25% of cases can be performed with preservation of ejaculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186093
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bleomycin lung: the effect of different chemotherapeutic regimens (1992)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 30 (1992), S. 158-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A review of hard-copy computed tomography (CT) images of patients who had undergone chemotherapy for testicular teratoma revealed that the incidence of lung toxicity appeared to be lower in those who had received bleomycin by slow infusion [EBCi (3) regimen, etoposide/bleomycin/cisplatin] rather than by intravenous bolus [PVB regimen, cisplatin/vinblastine/bleomycin; BEP (5) regimen, bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin]. This difference reached statistical significance only for PVB vs EBCi (3) (t=2.63,P〈0.01). Nevertheless, in view of continuing reports of mortality resulting from bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in patients receiving the drug by i. v. bolus, further exploration of these results is clearly justified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686411
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical and immunological effect of intravesical interleukin-2 on superficial bladder cancer (1994)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 39 (1994), S. 68-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words: IL-2 – Bladder cancer – CD3 and HLA antigens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Using immunocytochemical techniques the pattern of T cell markers and MHC antigens on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and tumour biopsies of patients with superficial bladder cancer before and after intravesical human recombinant interleukin-2 (rhuIL-2) therapy (three cases at 1 MIU, four cases at 18 MIU and two cases at 54 MIU), was investigated. There was a slight but significant increase in the total number of circulating leucocytes, harvested from blood using density gradient technique, after intravesical rhuIL-2 treatment. Thus the mean ± SD of seven cases before and after (more than 30 days of) IL-2 were 1.24±0.32×109/l and 1.50±0.46×109/l respectively (t-test, P = 0.032). However, this was substantially less than in samples collected after subcutaneously (six cases) and intravenously (seven cases) administering rhuIL-2, the results of which were 1.09±0.46×109/l versus 2.22±0.68×109/l (P = 0.016) and 0.84×109/l versus 2.3×109/l (P = 0.004) respectively. There was no demonstrable alteration in the percentage of cells positive for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25 or CD56 in peripheral blood or urine populations in six patients treated with intravesical IL-2, or the pattern of MHC class I or II expression on tumour biopsies before and after treatment. Though this could have been a reflection of the fact that most of the cases had normal class I expression, there was one tumour with complete loss and one tumour with very low expression among the three cases showing stroma positivity for HLA-A3 antigens. Neither of these was altered by IL-2 treatment, nor was class II antigen expression, which was positive in five of nine cases before treatment. Given the lack of the expected major immunological changes and the poor clinical responses (one of nine complete responses lasted 3 months), it is concluded that the schedule has not produced an adequate dose intensity to induce lymphocyte activation and alternative schedules based on those developed from systemic treatment need exploration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01517183
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical and immunological effect of intravesical interleukin-2 on superficial bladder cancer (1994)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 39 (1994), S. 68-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: IL-2 ; Bladder cancer ; CD3 and HLA antigens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using immunocytochemical techniques the pattern of T cell markers and MHC antigens on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and tumour biopsies of patients with superficial bladder cancer before and after intravesical human recombinant interleukin-2 (rhuIL-2) therapy (three cases at 1 MIU, four cases at 18 MIU and two cases at 54 MIU), was investigated. There was a slight but significant increase in the total number of circulating leucocytes, harvested from blood using density gradient technique, after intravesical rhuIL-2 treatment. Thus the mean ±SD of seven cases before and after (more than 30 days of) IL-2 were 1.24±0.32×109/l and 1.50±0.46×109/l respectively (t-test,P=0.032). However, this was substantially less than in samples collected after subcutaneously (six cases) and intravenously (seven cases) administering rhuIL-2, the results of which were 1.09±0.46×109/l versus 2.22±0.68×109/l (P=0.016) and 0.84×109/l versus 2.3×109/l (P=0.004) respectively. There was no demonstrable alteration in the percentage of cells positive for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25 or CD56 in peripheral blood or urine populations in six patients treated with intravesical IL-2, or the pattern of MHC class I or II expression on tumour biopsies before and after treatment. Though this could have been a reflection of the fact that most of the cases had normal class I expression, there was one tumour with complete loss and one tumour with very low expression among the three cases showing stroma positivity for HLA-A3 antigens. Neither of these was altered by IL-2 treatment, nor was class II antigen expression, which was positive in five of nine cases before treatment. Given the lack of the expected major immunological changes and the poor clinical responses (one of nine complete responses lasted 3 months), it is concluded that the schedule has not produced an adequate dose intensity to induce lymphocyte activation and alternative schedules based on those developed from systemic treatment need exploration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01517183
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes from peripheral blood of leukaemic patients (1993)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 37 (1993), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Leukaemia ; IL-2 ; TIL ; LAK
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 13 patients with acute leukaemia were used to establish long-term interleukin-2-dependent cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Cells were grown in RPMI medium containing interleukin-2 (IL-2, 100 U/ml) and 2.5% conditioned medium prepared by activating normal lymphocytes with phytohaemagglutinin. Proliferation of IL-2-dependent CD3-positive lymphocytes was seen in 1 of 2 acute lymphocytic leukaemia cases (ALL), 1 of 4 acute myelogeneous leukaemia cases (AML) (M1) and 8 of 8 more differentiated AML. In 2 cases with detectable leukaemic cell markers (1 ALL and 1 AML) passageable cells were developed, that expressed normal T cell phenotypes (namely CD3, CD4, and CD8) at the expense of leukaemic cells. In 1 of 2 cases, long-term IL-2-cultured cells showed specific cytotoxic activity against autologous leukemic cells. The percentage killing against autologous and two allogeneic target cell lines at a 50/1 effector/target (E/T) ratio was 42%, 9% and 19% respectively. Similarly the cytotoxic activity of IL-2 activated from 4 different individuals against conventional tumour targets K562 and Daudi at a ratio of 50/1 was 29%–68% (median=55%) and 34%–78% (median=61%) respectively. It was also found that this killing potential of the activated cells was maintained for as long as culture was continued (median 23 days, range 17–75 days). The mechanism(s) of T cell proliferation at the expense of leukaemic blast cells in the case of a minority of leukaemic patients and the possible clinical therapeutic potential of these cells following in vitro IL-2 activation deserve further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01516941
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    C0 2 emissions (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 359 (1992), S. 9-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Being reminded by leading arti-cles in Nature that the recent Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro that was being sponsored by the United Nations (UN) and remembering that there have long been complaints that the West shoulders an excessive proportion of the costs of running that organization ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/359009b0
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