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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein prevents oral tolerance and enhances allergic sensitization (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background Food allergies are an important cause of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. Oral tolerance can be considered the default immune response to dietary antigens, with immune deviation resulting in allergic sensitization. However, primary sensitization to food allergens may not solely be through the gastrointestinal mucosa, as strong T-helper type 2 (Th2)-biased immunity can result from exposure to protein allergens on barrier-disrupted skin.Objective The purpose of this study was to examine whether exposure to allergens through the skin may interfere with the normal development of oral tolerance and promote allergic sensitization to food proteins.Methods Female BALB/c mice were exposed epicutaneously to peanut protein and induction of systemic oral tolerance through high dose feeds of peanut protein was subsequently assessed. Other mice were rendered tolerant prior to epicutaneous peanut exposure. Sensitivity to peanut was determined by assessing delayed-type hypersensitivity, proliferative, cytokine and antibody responses.Results Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein induced potent Th2-type immunity with high levels of IL-4 and serum IgE. Primary skin exposure prevented the subsequent induction of oral tolerance to peanut in an antigen-specific manner. Upon oral challenge, mice became further sensitized and developed strong peanut-specific IL-4 and IgE responses. Furthermore, animals with existing tolerance to peanut were partly sensitized following epicutaneous exposure.Conclusion Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein can prevent induction of oral tolerance, and may even modify existing tolerance to peanut. Epidermal exposure to protein allergens selectively drives Th2-type responses, and as such may promote sensitization to food proteins upon gastrointestinal exposure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02260.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Patterns of food allergen-specific cytokine production by T lymphocytes of children with multiple allergies (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background The contribution of different T cell subsets to the overall measured cytokine response to food allergens is largely unexplored.Method The patterns of cytokine production of peripheral blood-derived T cells after allergen stimulation were studied in 22 children with multiple food allergies and in 20 non-allergic children as controls, using flow cytometry.Results Proportions of T cells of food-sensitized children spontaneously secreting IFN-γ and IL-10 (without antigen stimulation) were lower than non-atopic children and adult controls (P〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:09547894:CEA2355:les" location="les.gif"/〉0.001). The proportions of IL-4-producing cells in vitro were significantly increased (P〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:09547894:CEA2355:les" location="les.gif"/〉0.04) and IFN-γ-producing cells were significantly reduced (P〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:09547894:CEA2355:les" location="les.gif"/〉0.05) in sensitized children after incubation with and without dendritic cell presentation of peanut extract, β-lactoglobulin and ovalbumin. The reverse pattern was found in non-sensitized children and adult controls. IL-4 secretion in allergic children to sensitizing allergens was mainly restricted to the CD4+ CD45 RO+ population while in non-atopic controls both CD4+ and CD8+ CD45 RO+ cells produced mostly IFN-γ. Food-specific IgE values did not correspond with cytokine responses but IL-4 production and IFN-γ reduction relative to normal children were closely associated with total IgE levels.Conclusion Food-allergic children's IL-4 cytokine response to their relevant allergens is predominantly from a memory population of CD4+ CD45 RO+ cells, whereas IL-4 and IFN-γ secretion of non-allergic controls was predominantly from mixed CD4+ and CD8+ CD45 RO+ populations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02355.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A distinct subset of chemokines dominates the mucosal chemokine response in inflammatory bowel disease (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by intense mucosal recruitment of activated leukocytes. Chemokines determine inflammatory leukocyte recruitment and retention.Aim : To compare expression of the entire chemokine family within colonic mucosa from IBD patients and uninflamed controls.Methods : A microarray of cDNAs, representing every member of this superfamily and their cognate receptors, was hybridised with probes derived from colonoscopic biopsies.Results : A distinct subset of chemokines, consisting of CXCLs 1–3 and 8 and CCL20, was upregulated in active colonic IBD, compared with uninflamed areas or tissue from controls. Increased expression of their cognate receptors, CXCR1, CXCR2 and CCR6, was confirmed by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. An identical chemokine response was induced in Caco-2 cells by stimulation with interleukin (IL)-1β, but not tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). By contrast, IL-1β and TNF-α were synergistic in an HT29 cell line and primary keratinocytes.Conclusions : IL-1β and TNF-α appear to be the pivotal mediators of a previously unidentified coordinated epithelial chemokine response that dominates the mucosal chemokine environment in inflamed IBD tissue.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02262.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Conserved lipoprotein H.8 of pathogenic Neisseria consists entirely of pentapeptide repeats (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The pathogenic Neisseria, N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis, possess an outer membrane protein (OMP), designated H.8, with a conserved monoclonal antibody (MAb)-binding epitope. We determined the DNA sequence of a gonococcal H.8 gene, and confirmed the relationship between the cloned gene and the H.8 OMP by constructing a gonococcal mutant lacking H.8. The predicted H.8 OMP is a lipoprotein 71 amino acids in length, composed of 13 repeats of a consensus sequence AAEAP with perfect 5-residue periodicity. The AAEAP units form a repeating epitope that comprises the entire predicted sequence of the protein.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00102.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fatal graft versus host disease after platelet transfusions in a child with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 148 (1989), S. 312-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Transfusion ; Severe combined immunodeficiency ; PNP deficiency ; Graft versus host disease
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Fatal graft versus host disease (GVHD) developed in a child with purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency following an unirradiated platelet transfusion. IV treatment with an anti-T-cell monoclonal antibody (CD7) led to a transient improvement of his GVHD (Grade IV) but did not prevent the fatal outcome. This report emphasizes the need for blood products to be irradiated when cell mediated immunodeficiency is suspected, even in patients with residual immunocompetence.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444121
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Neurodevelopmental delay and focal seizures as presenting symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus I infection (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 148 (1989), S. 315-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): HIV infection ; Immune deficiency ; Neuro-developmental delay ; CSF folate levels
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Three children presenting with neurological symptoms were subsequently diagnosed as being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus I (HIV). All children showed normal development for about 12–18 months of age but later developed psychomotor and developmental regression. One child presented with generalised hypotonia, another with focal seizures, and the third with spastic quadriplegia. Two of the children showed areas of abnormal brain density on computed tomography and in one case there was calcification of the basal ganglia. In two of the children cerebrospinal fluid contained reduced amounts of total folate and elevated concentrations of neopterin. The possibility of a link between the deranged folate metabolism and the neurological symptoms in HIV infections is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444122
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mitomycin-C induced improvement in superficial bladder tumors: A morphologic and immunohistochemical evaluation (1985)
    Springer
    Urological research 13 (1985), S. 51-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Schlagwort(e): Blood Group Antigens (BGA) ; Mitomycin-C ; Intravesical chemotherapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Twenty bladder biopsies from ten patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma were obtained prior to and following therapy with intravesical mitomycin-C. Each biopsy was evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically for A, B, H blood group antigen (BGA) expression. A, B and H blood group antigens were identified using monoclonal anti-A, B and H antibody and were localized with the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) technique. Particular attention was directed toward flat urothelial lesions and the urothelium adjacent to papillary tumors. Routine histologic evaluation showed improvement in posttherapy biopsies compared to corresponding pre-therapy biopsies in 7/10 cases but was equivocal in 3/10 cases. Immunohistochemical evaluation, however, showed improvement in all 10 cases, as judged by increased urothelial BGA expression. This increase in urothelial BGA expression after intravesical mitomycin-C therapy suggests a therapy induced improvement in dysplastic urothelium which was not uniformly evident on routine histologic examination.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261565
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