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  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive and Developmental Risks from Ethylene Oxide: A Probabilistic Characterization of Possible Regulatory Thresholds (2001)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc.
    Risk analysis 21 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Ethylene oxide is a gas produced in large quantities in the United States that is used primarily as a chemical intermediate in the production of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, nonionic surfactants, ethanolamines, glycol ethers, and other chemicals. It has been well established that ethylene oxide can induce cancer, genetic, reproductive and developmental, and acute health effects in animals. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is currently developing both a cancer potency factor and a reference concentration (RfC) for ethylene oxide. This study used the rich database on the reproductive and developmental effects of ethylene oxide to develop a probabilistic characterization of possible regulatory thresholds for ethylene oxide. This analysis was based on the standard regulatory approach for noncancer risk assessment, but involved several innovative elements, such as: (1) the use of advanced statistical methods to account for correlations in developmental outcomes among littermates and allow for simultaneous control of covariates (such as litter size); (2) the application of a probabilistic approach for characterizing the uncertainty in extrapolating the animal results to humans; and (3) the use of a quantitative approach to account for the variation in heterogeneity among the human population. This article presents several classes of results, including: (1) probabilistic characterizations of ED10s for two quantal reproductive outcomes—resorption and fetal death, (2) probabilistic characterizations of one developmental outcome—the dose expected to yield a 5% reduction in fetal (or pup) weight, (3) estimates of the RfCs that would result from using these values in the standard regulatory approach for noncancer risk assessment, and (4) a probabilistic characterization of the level of ethylene oxide exposure that would be expected to yield a 1/1000 increase in the risk of reproductive or developmental outcomes in exposed human populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0272-4332.214144
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First results of electron cooling experiments at LEAR (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 332 (1989), S. 171-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 29.20 ; 41.80.D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The first results are presented of electron cooling experiments in the Low-Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) at CERN, performed with a proton beam of about 50 and 21 MeV. The number of stored protons ranged from 107 to 3 × 109. Cooling times of the order 1 s and proton drag rates of up to 0.7 MeV/s were obtained. The capture of cooling electrons by protons producing hydrogen atoms was used to derive an effective electron temperature (0.25 eV). From the angular profile of the neutral hydrogen beam an upper limit of 3π mm.mrad could be deduced for the horizontal equilibrium proton-beam emittance. The lowest equilibrium momentum spread was 2 × 105 (FWHM), as derived from the analysis of the longitudinal Schottky signal. This Schottky signal exhibited an unusual behaviour with beam intensity and under certain conditions showed a doublepeak structure which was associated with collective beam noise. For very cold beams transverse instabilities were observed, which resulted in a rapid spill-off of protons and a stabilization at lower intensities. The threshold of these instabilities was raised by heating the proton or the electron beam. The cooling of a bunched proton beam was investigated. The reduction of the proton momentum spread led to bunch lengths of about 2 m, containing 3 × 108 protons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01289773
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intravenous digital subtraction angiography of orbital and ocular circulation (1985)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 8 (1985), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: digital subtraction angiography ; orbital and ocular circulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In serial experiments on cats, intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was utilized to observe orbital and ocular circulation. Images of the orbital arterial system as well as normal ocular vasculature were obtained, utilizing dosage of contrast material acceptable for human study. Images obtained after intraarterial DSA had no advantage over those obtained with intravenous DSA. After retrobulbar injection of 3 ml of saline, intravenous DSA demonstrated straightening of the external ophthalmic arteries showing the potential of this method for identifying orbital vascular pathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00136492
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid pulses from snowmelt at acidic cone pond, New Hampshire (1987)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 34 (1987), S. 325-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A study was undertaken to examine whether ‘acid pulses’ from snowmelt created permanent changes in a pond's chemistry. Water samples were collected from clearwater acidic Cone Pond in the White Mountain National Forest, New Hampshire. The pond, inlet, and outlet were intensively sampled throughout winter and early spring 1983–84. Thaws brought more H+ into upper waters of the pond, but most was gone within a week. In contrast, SO4 2− and Al showed dilution with increased streamflow into the pond, and NO3 − was only detected in ice, slush, and surface waters. Bottom waters were anoxic throughout the winter and had pH 6.0 compared to 4.7 for most of the water column. Alkalinity at the bottom rose from 0 in November 1983 to 190 μeq L−1 in April 1984. Between November and April the pond gained Al but lost SO4 2− and H+. Most of the Al gain came after ice-out when loading through the inlet increased, but during the final snowmelt a temporary increase in Al concentration was also seen throughout the water column.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193780
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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