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  • 1985-1989  (947)
  • 1880-1889  (207)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Antidiuretic hormone ; Thick ascending limb ; Renal medulla ; Morphometry ; Water intake ; Urinary concentrating mechanism ; Kidney adaptation ; Kidney hypertrophy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Previous experiments in Brattleboro rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus revealed that absence of ADH led to several alterations in kidney anatomy, which could be reversed by chronic ADH treatment. Present experiments were undertaken to determine if similar alterations were observable in normal Wistar rats when endogenous ADH level was varied by manipulating water intake or when exogenous ADH was infused. Water intake was increased by giving food with a high water content ad libitum and offering 5% glucose solution to drink (HWI rats), or decreased by reducing water intake to 1/3 of spontaneous intake (RWI rats). An additional group received chronic ADH infusion with Alzet osmotic minipumps (ADH rats). Results were compared to those obtained in control rats (CON) drinking ad libitum. RWI, CON, and ADH rats ate dry pellets ad libitum. After 6 weeks on these regimens kidneys were perfusion fixed and serial sections were cut for morphometric measurements by light microscopy. Results in the four groups showed that kidney weight relative to body weight was influenced by the operation of urinary concentrating mechanism, with HWI〈CON〈RWI〈ADH. The increase in kidney weight in rats with high urine concentration was not homogeneously distributed throughout the different kidney zones and the different nephron segments. The inner stripe of the outer medulla (IS) increased more in relative height and volume than other kidney zones and, within this zone, the volume of epithelium of thick ascending limb of Henle's loops (TAL) increased more than expected from the whole kidney weight increase. In outer stripe of outer medulla (OS) and in cortex (C), TAL hypertrophy was equal to or lower than expected from whole kidney weight increase. Collecting duct epithelium in C, OS, and IS increased in proportion to whole kidney weight. The MTAL hyperthrophy in IS was due to an increase in size of preexisting cells, except in the ADH group where an increase in cell number was also observed. Internephron heterogeneity with regard to glomerular size was greater in RWI and ADH than in CON and HWI rats. The marked hypertrophy of the deep TAL in the IS of rats in which urine concentration was stimulated could be related to an increase in salt transport in this nephron segment, triggered both by a direct stimulation by ADH, and by an increased salt recycling. The elongation of the inner stripe provides a greater length for the operation of the countercurrent multiplier system responsible for building up of the osmotic pressure gradient in the medulla. These observations show that the mammalian kidney is able to adapt to chronic alterations in water intake and urine concentration status.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 32 (1884), S. 52-58 
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 46 (1985), S. 241-246 
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Comparative studies of lateral cephalometric radiographs of 81 patients exhibiting normal craniofacial structures withAngle class I and of 120 patients with skeletal mandibular prognathism (Angle class III) reveal a diagnostically significant difference in the «total length of the mandible C» (i. e. the distance between the mandibular condyle and the symphysis). The angle formed by the «mandibular axis C» and NSe however, does not differ significantly in these two groups of patients. The elongation of the total length of the mandible C in patients with mandibular prognathism is due mainly to an enlargement of the gonion angle and elongation of the mandibular body. Cephalometrically, the total length of the mandible therefore provides more reliable information on the mandibular situation than the single data of the mandibular body, ramus and angle.
    Kurzfassung: Résumé Une étude comparative des téléradiographies de profil entre 81 témoins de la classe Id'Angle, ayant des relations maxillo-faciales normales, et 120 patients présentant une prognathie mandibulaire (classe III d'Angle), démontre que la «longueur absolue C» (distance entre le condyle et la symphyse) présente des valeurs différentes et significatives pour le diagnostic. Inversément à ce qu'on pouvait supposer, il n'existe pas de différence entre les deux groupes témoins, pour «l'angle C» (angle entre la longueur absolute C et NSe). Chez les patients de la classe III la trop grande longueur de la mandibule résulte d'un angle goniaque plus grand et d'une branche horizontale plus longue. La «longueur totale C» constitue en céphalométrie une mesure plus précise pour l'analyse de la mandibule, que l'addition des différentes longueurs de la mandibule (branches montante et horizontale) ainsi que de l'angle goniaque.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Die vergleichende Untersuchung seitlicher Fernröntgenbilder von 81 Probanden mitAngle-Klasse I und regulärem Gesichtsschädelaufbau und 120 Patienten, die eine skelettale Progenie bei einerAngle-Klasse-III-Okklusion hatten, ergab, daß die “Gesamtlänge C” des Unterkiefers (Abstand zwischen dem Kondylus und dem knöchernen Kinn) diagnostisch verwertbare signifikante Unterschiede aufweist. Entgegen der Erwartung erlaubt die Größe des sogenannten “Achsenwinkels C” (Winkel zwischen Gesamtlänge C und NSe) keine Unterscheidung zwischen diesen beiden Patientengruppen. Die größere Gesamtlänge des Unterkiefers bei Progenie resultiert im wesentlichen aus einer Vergrößerung des Gonionwinkels und der Verlängerung des horizontalen Astes. Die “Gesamtlänge” repräsentiert die Verhältnisse des Unterkiefers kephalometrisch offensichtlich besser als die Berücksichtigung der einzelnen Daten für den Unterkieferkörper, den aufsteigenden Ast und den Gonionwinkel.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): CH Acidity ; Rhenium complexes ; Allylidene ; Butatriene ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: α-CH Acidity of Allylidene Complexes: Organorhenium Derivatives of 1,2,3-Butatriene by Dehydrochlorination of Rhena(V) Allylidenes. Synthesis and StructureThe rhena(V) allylidene complex (η5-C5Me5)ReCl2 [η1:η3-(CH3)-CC(Cl)CH2] (2) is quantitatively converted into the novel organorhenium 1,2,3-butatriene derivative (η5-C5Me5)ReCl2[η3-H2CC(C5H5N)CCH2] (3) by lithium hydroxide in the presence of excess pyridine. This result shows so far not investigated CH acidity of methyl groups, that are substituting π-bonded allylidene frameworks at the α-position. According to an X-ray structure analysis, the coordination geometry of the 1,2,3-butatriene ligand is very similar to related allyl complexes of the (η5-C5Me5)ReCl2 fragment.
    Notizen: Der Rhena(V)-allyliden-Komplex (η5-C5Me5)ReCl2 [η1:η3-(CH3)-CC(Cl)CH2] (2) wird durch Lithiumhydroxid in Gegenwart von überschüssigem Pyridin quantitativ zu dem neuartigen rhenium-organischen 1,2,3-Butatrien-Derivat (η5-C5Me5)ReCl2[η3-H2CC(C5H5N)CCH2] (3) dehydrohalogeniert. Dieses Ergebnis weist auf die bisher nicht beachtete CH-Acidität von Methylgruppen hin, die ein π-gebundenes Allyliden-Gerüst α-ständig substituieren. Einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse zufolge ist der von 1,2,3-Butatrien abgeleitete Ligand allylartig an das (η5-C5Me5)ReCl2-Fragment gebunden.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 13 (1880), S. 2204-2207 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 14 (1881), S. 1942-1944 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 48 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Bovine chromaffin granules from adrenal medulla contain three acidic secretory proteins: chromogranins A, B, and C. For isolation of these proteins, methods based mainly on high performance liquid chromatography were developed. After removal of contaminating glycoproteins by lectin affinity chromatography, chromogranins were separated by high performance anion-exchange, gel-filtration, and reverse phase liquid chromatography. As a final purification step sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis was performed. Amino acid analysis of isolated bovine chromogranins revealed a similar composition of all three proteins, with glutamic acid being the most prominent amino acid. The methods developed for bovine proteins also proved suitable for isolating rat chromogranins A and B from a transplantable pheochromocytoma. Chromogranin C was not present in sufficient amounts to be isolated from this tissue. The chromogranins purified by these methods were used to raise specific antibodies in rabbits. The use of purified chromogranins together with specific antisera may be valuable in understanding the still undiscovered function of these proteins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 47 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Plasma membrane proteolipid protein (PMPLP) synthesis was examined in embryonic rat neurons and neonatal rat glial cells during differentiation in culture. Glial cultures were treated with 1 mM N6,O2, dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) following confluency to induce differentiation, which resulted in the elaboration of long cellular processes. However, no changes in the biosynthetic level of PMPLP was observed during the differentiation of these cells. Neurons differentiated spontaneously in culture, forming cellular aggregates immediately following plating and elaborating a network of neurites over 7 days. The differentiation of neurons was accompanied by a sevenfold increase in PM-PLP synthesis with increases in biosynthetic rate observed betvyeen days 1 and 3 and between days 3 and 7 in culture. Ultrastructural examination of neurons indicated that the Golgi apparatus was also developing during this period of time, with an increase in both the number of lamellae and generation of vesicles. The transport of PM-PLP to the plasma membrane was therefore examined in neurons at day 7 in culture by pulse labeling experiments with monensin and colchicine. Monensin (1 μM) was found to inhibit the appearance of radiolabeled PM-PLP in the plasma membrane by 63%, indicating that a functional Golgi apparatus is required for transport of PM-PLP to its target membrane. Colchicine (125 μM) also inhibited the appearance of newly synthesized PM-PLP in the plasma membrane by 〉40%, suggesting that microtubules may also be required for PM-PLP transport to the plasma membrane.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 51 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: The ATP-dependent glutamate uptake system in synaptic vesicles prepared from mouse cerebellum was characterized, and the levels of glutamate uptake were investigated in the cerebellar mutant mice, staggerer and weaver, whose main defect is the loss of cerebellar granule cells, and the nervous mutant, whose main defect is the loss of Purkinje cells. The ATP-dependent glutamate uptake is stimulated by low concentrations of chloride, is insensitive to aspartate, and is inhibited by agents known to dissipate the electrochemical proton gradient. These properties are similar to those of the glutamate uptake system observed in the highly purified synaptic vesicles prepared from bovine cortex. The ATP-dependent glutamate uptake system is reduced by 68% in the staggerer and 57–67% in the weaver mutant; these reductions parallel the substantial loss of granule cells in those mutants. In contrast, the cerebellar levels of glutamate uptake are not altered significantly in the nervous mutant, which has lost Purkinje cells, but not granule cells. In view of evidence that granule cells are glutamatergic neurons and Purkinje cells are GABAergic neurons, these observations support the notion that the ATP-dependent glutamate uptake system is present in synaptic vesicles of glutamatergic neurons.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 51 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Poly(N-acetyllactosaminyl) oligosaccharides have been identified, on the basis of their susceptibility to endo-β-galactosidase, in a large-molecular-size glycopeptide fraction derived from chromaffin granule membrane glycoproteins. The glycoproteins containing poly(N-acetyl-lactosaminyl) oligosaccharides were selectively labeled by treatment of chromaffin granule membranes with endo-β-galactosidase to expose N-acetylglucosamine residues, followed by incubation with galactosyltransferase and UDP-[14C]galactose. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and fluorography demonstrated specific labeling in the 41–47 kilodalton (kD) region and in a distinct band at 90 kDa. Two-dimensional SDS-PAGE revealed that the poly(N-acetyllactosaminyl) oligosaccharides are predominantly present in glycoprotein IV, together with lesser labeling of glycoproteins II and III, whereas they are absent from dopamine β-hydroxylase and carboxypeptidase H, which are the major glycoproteins of chromaffin granule membranes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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