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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localisation of β-oxidation enzymes in peroxisomes of rice coleoptiles (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 76 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Enzymes of the β-oxidation pathway in rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Arborio) coleoptiles were investigated. The coleoptiles contain acyl-CoA oxidase (EC 1.3.99.3), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35), enoyl-CoA hydratase (EC 4.2.1.17) and thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9). Analysis of coleoptile homogenates by sucrose density fractionation showed a preferential distribution of these enzymes in the unspecialized peroxisomes. The enzymatic activity found in the mitochondrial fraction was due to peroxisomal contamination since electron micrographs show the peroxisomes to be intact and pure whereas the mitochondrial fraction was contaminated by other organelles. It appears that the β-oxidation pathway is localized in the unspecialized peroxisomes of rice coleoptiles, extending the number of plant species in which such a localization has been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1989.tb05623.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cotyledonal chloroplasts in the hypogeal seeds of clementine (1987)
    Springer
    Planta 170 (1987), S. 300-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chloroembryophyte ; Chloroplast (differential development) ; Citrus ; Embryo (chloroplasts) ; Seed germination ; Thylakoid (polypeptides)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Clementine (Citrus nobilisxCitrus aurantium amara pumila) is a chloroembryophyte with green quiescent embryos and hypogeal germination. The cotyledonal chloroplasts have been studied during germination in the dark and under two different irradiances 120 and 240 μmol·m-2·s-1 throughout a period of three weeks. The plastids of the outer adaxial and inner regions develop differently. In the light, the former differentiate a photosynthetically active thylakoid system with an ultrastructural organization and a polypeptide composition resembling that of leaf chloroplasts. The “inner” chloroplasts maintain an organization reminiscent of chloroplasts of the quiescent embryo and never get beyond the photosynthesis/respiration compensation point; their differentiation pattern appears essentially the same under the two different irradiances. These observations and the germination in the dark indicate that the above differentiation is not strictly photodependent. The greening ability of the cotyledons provides, on occasion, an additional photosynthetic supply to this plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395020
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and biochemical aspects of peach fruit abscission (Prunus persica L. Batsch) (1985)
    Springer
    Planta 164 (1985), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscission (fruit) ; Cellulase ; Fruit abscission ; Polygalacturonase ; Prunus (abscission)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The physiological drop of immature fruits was studied in relation to the activation of the abscission zone located between the fruit and the receptacle. Light- and electron-microscopy observations demonstrated that this zone consisted of two types of parenchymatous cells: in the distal region, closer to the fruit, were groups of small thick-walled cells with few intercellular spaces; in the proximal region, closer to the pedicel, the stillgrouped cells were larger, polyphenolic-rich, and thick-walled but with many wide intercellular spaces. Separation of the fruit occurred by dissolution of the middle lamella of the cells of this zone followed by an increase in the size of the intercellular spaces. Lysis of the middle lamella began at the corners of the cells and spread from there across the entire wall surface. Structural changes were paralleled by an increase in soluble proteins, endo-cellulase and exo-polygalacturonase activity. Isoelectric focusing indicated that both enzymes were present as isoenzymes whose patterns were affected by embryoctomy and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391019
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural study of maize leaf etioplasts throughout their entire life-cycle (1986)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 130 (1986), S. 98-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Zea mays L. ; Etioplasts ; Etioplast differentiation ; Etioplast senescence ; Optical diffraction ; Prolamellar body arrangement ; Prothylakoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The entire life-cycle of maize leaf etioplasts has been followed. Prolamellar bodies with different types of tubular membrane arrangement can be found in the juvenile stages of the organelles, while in mature etioplasts nearly all the prolamellar bodies exhibit an “hexagonal ring” arrangement, which, by optical diffraction, appears to be the most regular and compact possible. The prothylakoid membranes also undergo changes during organelle differentiation, and their different organization and arrangement produce a clear dimorphism between the etioplasts of mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. In senescent etioplasts the prothylakoids are more affected, while the prolamellar bodies appear rather stable, also in situations where protochlorophyll(ide) content is very low. The formation of clusters of osmiophilic globules is coupled with the breakdown of the etioplast membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276591
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural study of different types of callus from leaf expiants ofAesculus hippocastanum L. (1987)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 138 (1987), S. 89-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Aesculus hippocastanum ; Callus cultures ; Callus ultrastructure ; Embryogenic callus ; Non-embryogenic callus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The cell ultrastructure in three types of callus obtained from leaf explants ofAesculus hippocastanum L. has been studied. Remarkable differences have been shown between the cells of the forerunner E1 callus and those of the callus arising from it, according to the culture conditions. The peculiar characteristics of E1 are the scarcity of intercellular spaces and the occurrence of autophagic vacuoles in the cells. An embryogenic friable callus (E2) is formed in time when E1 is maintained on solid culture medium. The E2 cells show cytological features typical of a higher metabolic level and contain starch. Diffused middle lamella digestion leads to the detachment of small embryogenic cell aggregates consisting of vacuolated parenchymatous-like cells and small meristematic cells which may be regarded as embryoids initials. Shaking E1 in the same liquid medium and subsequent culture on solid medium lead to the differentiation of a non-embryogenic callus (NE), whose cells are very large and highly vacuolated, devoid of starch and with organelle-rich cytoplasm. The NE callus shows a high degree of growth, but does not attain embryogenic competence in time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281017
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrathylakoidal crystal appearance during the vital cycle of spinach chloroplasts (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 126 (1985), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Spinacia oleracea L. ; Chloroplast ontogenesis ; Chloroplast senescence ; Spinach chloroplasts ; Intrathylakoidal crystals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The entire vital cycle of chloroplasts was followed in spinach leaves, in order to determine the plastidial situations leading to the build-up of intrathylakoidal crystals. This kind of inclusion was noticed in the juvenile ontogenetic stages as well as in the senescent chloroplast stage, while intrathylakoidal crystals were not present in the mature organelles. The appearance of such crystals, which are known to consist of ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase, is interpreted as a consequence of an imbalance between enzyme level and membrane function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01287682
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