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  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Membrane vesicles, showing a 21 ± 2-fold enrichment in the activity of 5′-nucleotidase and a 11 ± 4-fold enrichment in the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme relative to homogenate, were prepared from the myenteric plexus-containing longitudinal muscle layer of guinea pig ileum. Incubation of the vesicles with substance P and neurokinin A led to degradation of the peptides, and metabolites were isolated by reverse-phase HPLC and identified by amino acid composition. Cleavages of substance P between Glu6-Phe7, Phe7-Phe8, and Gly9-Leu10 and of neurokinin A between Gly8-Leu9 were observed and could be inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by phosphoramidon, an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase 24.11. Formation of these metabolites was not completely inhibited by this agent, indicating that a phosphoramidon-insensitive form of endopeptidase 24.11 was present in the gut. Substance P was resistant to degradation by aminopeptidases, but neurokinin A was a substrate for bestatin-sensitive aminopeptidase(s), so that the neurokinin A (3–10) fragment represented the predominant metabolite in the chromatograms. The rate of formation of all the metabolites was not inhibited by ena-lapril and not enhanced by an increased Cl− concentration, indicating that angiotensin-converting enzyme was unimportant in the degradation process. Degradation of neurokinin A by the vesicles (Km 30 μM; Vmax 7.2 ±0.8 nmol min−1 mg of protein−1) was more rapid than degradation of substance P (Km 25 μM; Vmax 4.4 ± 0.4 nmol min−1 mg of protein−1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 6123-6127 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photon-enhanced attachment can be used as a conduction-control mechanism for diffuse discharge opening switches. This paper presents experimental results on photon-enhanced attachment based on vibrational excitation of vinyl chloride using a line-tunable CO2 laser. Strong resistance increases and discharge turnoff have been observed in low-current, externally sustained dc discharges. The influence of experimental parameters such as discharge pressure, attacher concentration, discharge voltage, and laser wavelength are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 120-125 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Monte Carlo calculations have been performed on the relaxation of initial secondary electrons in electron-beam-sustained discharges at low values of the reduced electric field strength, E/N. In pure nitrogen, thermalizing electrons contribute to a secondary maximum of the distribution function in the energy range between 3.5 and 8 eV where the cross section for inelastic collisions in nitrogen has a minimum. This maximum is not found if the secondary electrons are produced at low energies. Admixtures of attachers with an attachment cross section in this energy range cause significant attachment of the initial secondary electrons. The calculations also demonstrate that even in molecular buffer gases, the inelastic cross sections of the attacher admixture have to be considered to gain correct distribution functions and attachment rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 1372-1378 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron-beam-controlled diffuse discharges are promising candidates for high-power opening switches in inductive energy storage circuits. An additive of an attaching gas must be used to obtain short opening times when the electron beam is turned off. A high switch efficiency requires low loss operation during conduction. This paper presents methods to optimize gas mixtures for such discharges. Gas mixtures utilizing one or two attaching gases are used and the effect of gas additives which influence the drift velocity is investigated. Experiments on the Jsw-E/N characteristics, the dc E/N breakdown limit, and the glow-to-arc transition E/N limit depending on the energy loading of the discharge are presented and the implications of these results to opening switches are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 790-792 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present the results of numerical field calculation which supplement a recent article in which we described a new design concept for field-distortion triggered spark gaps. The calculations verify the shielding and field enhancement assumptions made in the article, and they provide insight into the interaction of the design tradeoffs associated with simultaneously maximizing the holdoff voltage and the triggering capability of the gap.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 2507-2511 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A common field distortion triggered spark gap utilizing geometric field enhancement at sharp edges usually operates in a cascade mode via the trigger electrode. A new trigger concept is proposed allowing strong field enhancement and direct breakdown between the two main electrodes. A test setup was designed to prove the feasibility of this concept. Experimental results on delay and jitter depending on percent breakdown voltage are presented. Best results achieved are a delay of 9 ns and a jitter of 2 ns at a self-breakdown voltage of 15 kV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 1618-1622 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The performance of externally controlled, high-pressure, diffuse discharges as switching elements in pulse power systems is strongly determined by the recombination and attachment processes in the fill gas. To obtain high control efficiency and fast response of the diffuse discharge switch the discharge must be attachment dominated with the attachment rate coefficient increasing with field strength. An electron-beam controlled diffuse discharge system was constructed to study the behavior of pulsed discharges in the submicrosecond range in gas mixtures containing N2 as a buffer gas and small additives of electronegative gases. The results of experiments in N2 plus N2O were compared with values obtained with a Monte Carlo code and a rate equation calculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 303-306 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: 15N-Glycine ; Apolipoprotein-B-Synthesis ; Low density lipoprotein ; Very low density lipoprotein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In vivo synthesis of apolipoprotein B 100 (ApoB) was recently determined in man using stable isotopes. With this procedure we analyzed (1) the effect of fasting on synthesis of ApoB from very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and (2) tracer enrichment in low density lipoprotein (LDL). After a 36-hour fasting period and in the post-absorptive state 4 healthy subjects were given a priming dose (8.7 µmol/kg) of15N glycine followed by a constant infusion (10 µmol/kg/h for 8 h) to achieve 5% tracer enrichment in the plasma pool of glycine. The K-values, i.e. fractional synthetic rates/hr of ApoB from VLDL were 0.53±0.26 vs. 0.43±0.16 (p〉0.05). Tracer enrichment in ApoB from LDL at the end of the infusions was 0.19% vs. 1.46% in ApoB from VLDL. The results indicate that (1) in young healthy postabsorptive individuals about 40% of ApoB from VLDL in plasma is synthesized per hour, (2) fasting does not materially affect fractional ApoB synthesis and (3) at 5%15N enrichment in plasma glycine, tracer enrichment in ApoB from LDL is at the lower limit of detection for the procedure employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adenoviruses (AV), isolated from 138 children during the year 1981 in the Hannover area, were studied by DNA restriction analysis with the enzymes BamHI, Bg1II, BstEII, EcoRI, HindIII, KpnI, and SmaI and compared with the respective prototypes. Varying fragment patterns were depicted and genome types analyzed. Prototype-like strains of AV1 and 5 were not found. Types 2, 5, 1, 3, and 7 showed decreasing genetic variation in that order. Altered restriction sites were physically mapped on the genome; they appeared to be randomly distributed. The high genetic variability of AV2 and 5 is remarkable for this study population, limited in time and space. Clinical and epidemiological data were also presented in relation to serotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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