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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium-potassium-ATPase activity in the dorsal root ganglia of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 104-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Sodium-potassium-ATPase ; dorsal root ganglia ; streptozotocin diabetes ; diabetic neuropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sodium-potassium-ATPase activity was measured in excised dorsal root ganglia of streptozotocin-diabetic rats, 2 months after induction of diabetes. In comparison with agematched controls, there was a decrease in both the total and ouabain-insensitive activity, indicating an overall reduction in ouabain-sensitive activity of 46%. This decrease may explain the reduced amino-acid uptake exhibited by diabetic sensory ganglia and could be relevant to the development of diabetic neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279925
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral nerve intramembranous particle density and distribution in chronic streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1986), S. 62-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Peripheral nerve ; Experimental diabetes ; Intramembranous particles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Freeze-fracture studies have been made on the sciatic nerve of rats with chronic streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. The density of intramembranous particles was reduced in both the P and E faces of the axolemma of myelinated and unmyelinated axons, in myelin and in the perineurial cells. This may reflect a general reduction in protein synthesis, or excessive protein degradation, related to the diabetic state. The perineurial cells also showed gap junctions which are not normally present in adult rat peripheral nerve. These may represent a reaction to changes in perineurial activity consequent to alterations in the endoneurial tissue fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687948
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute painful diabetic neuropathy precipitated by strict glycaemic control (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1986), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Painful diabetic neuropathy ; Insulin treatment ; Nerve regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of acute painful diabetic neuropathy that followed the establishment of strict glycaemic control using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion is described. Sural nerve biopsy shortly after the onset of the acute painful syndrome showed no evidence of active nerve fibre degeneration; instead, the appearances were those of a chronic neuropathy with prominent regenerative activity. The suggestion is made that adequate diabetic control promoted regeneration and that the pain may have been related to the ectopic generation of impulses in regenerating axon sprouts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685978
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic relapsing experimental allergic neuritis in Lewis rats: Effects of thymectomy and splenectomy (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 70 (1986), S. 22-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chronic relapsing experimental allergic neuritis ; Thymectomy ; Splenectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) was induced in Lewis rats aged 4 months by the inoculation of whole bovine dorsal root with Freund's complete adjuvant. Prolonged follow-up demonstrated that a relapsing course is a regular feature of the disorder in animals at this age. Although the initial disease episode was the most severe, clinical recovery from subsequent relapses was less satisfactory, this probably being related to persistent morphological abnormalities in the peripheral nervous system. Antecedent thymectomy, splenectomy, or the two combined, had little effect on the clinical course of the disorder, apart from reducing the duration of relapses. This was only statistically significant following combined thymectomy/splenectomy. Histological abnormalities, however, tended to be less severe in the operated as compared with normal control or sham-operated animals with EAN. The animals must have attained an immunocompetent state at the time of thymectomy and/or splenectomy. The capacity to develop EAN presumably resides in the draining lymph nodes and the occurrence of relapses is due to the continuing presence of antigen at the injection sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689510
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A morphometric study of human fetal sural nerve (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 70 (1986), S. 60-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Fetal nerve ; Sural nerve ; Nerve development ; Myelination ; Nerve morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A morphometric study was performed on sural nerves from human fetuses at 15 to 36 weeks postovulation. There were no myelinated fibres at 15 and 16 weeks, but by 21 weeks there were 5,000/mm2, rising to 25,000/mm2 at 36 weeks. During the fetal period, the mean myelin lamellar count trebled and the g ratio (axon diameter: total fibre diameter) decreased from 0.90 to 0.75, although the axon diameter of myelinated fibres did not increase. The smallest myelinated axon diameter was 0.63 μm, whereas the largest unmyelinated axon in a 1:1 relationship with a Schwann cell was 2.83 μm, suggesting that axon size is unlikely to be the only stimulus for myelination. The density of unmyelinated axons that were the sole occupants of a Schwann cell fell considerably between 23 and 33 weeks, while the ratio of total unmyelinated axons to myelinated fibres decreased from 82:1 at 21 weeks to 6:1 at 36 weeks. Data for Schwann cell nuclear density and percentages of fibres cut through the nucleus are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689515
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in sorbitol,myo-inositol and lipid inositol in dorsal root and sympathetic ganglia from streptozotocin-diabetic rats (1986)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 29 (1986), S. 876-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Streptozotocin diabetes ; dorsal root and sympathetic ganglia ; sorbitol ; fructose ; myo-inositol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sorbitol, fructose,myo-inositol and lipid inositol concentrations were measured in excised dorsal root and sympathetic ganglia from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, both in the acute stage (1 and 2 weeks after the induction of diabetes) and chronically (after 2 months of diabetes). In comparison with age-matched controls,myo-inositol concentrations were decreased by 26–32% after 1 and 2 weeks but had returned to normal levels at 2 months. Lipid inositol concentrations were normal both in the acutely and chronically diabetic animals. Sorbitol was not detectable in ganglia from diabetic or control animals except for a small quantity (0.05 μmol/g wet weight) in dorsal root ganglia at the 2-month stage. Fructose was present in dorsal root ganglia (1.71–3.53 μmol/g wet weight) at all stages and in sympathetic ganglia (2.18 μmol/g wet weight) at the 8-week stage. The differences in these results from those obtained in peripheral nerve trunks are possibly related to the lack of a blood-nerve barrier in sensory and autonomic ganglia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00870143
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Focal cranial nerve involvement in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: clinical and MRI evidence of peripheral and central lesions (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 400-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy ; Cranial nerve lesions ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Nerve biopsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy are described in which cranial nerve involvement accompanied a more generalized neuropathy. Clinical, electrophysiological, radiological and nerve biopsy findings are presented. Cranial nerve lesions in this form of polyneuropathy may be related to lesions of the peripheral nerves or of the central nervous system, when they may be accompanied by MRI evidence of more widespread CNS demyelinating lesions. In cases of early onset, the occurrence of focal cranial nerve lesions may serve to distinguish chronic inflammatory from inherited demyelinating polyneuropathies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314898
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emery-dreifuss syndrome (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 233 (1986), S. 108-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy ; Scapuloperoneal syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A young adult male is described with muscular dystrophy of probable X-linked recessive inheritance. An onset of muscle weakness in late adolescence was preceded by contractures of the neck and elbows dating back to childhood. The distribution of muscle weakness was proximal in the upper limbs and both proximal and distal in the lower. The mixed pattern of muscle involvement in the legs favours the view that cases of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy with proximal weakness in both the upper and lower limbs and X-linked scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy represent the same disorder. A muscle biopsy in the present case showed unique appearances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313856
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pattern of myelinated fibre loss in the sural nerve in neuropathy related to Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (1988)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 31 (1988), S. 162-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic neuropathy ; hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy ; sural nerve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sural nerve biopsies were obtained from 17 diabetic patients with neuropathy. All patients except three had both a symmetric distal sensory and autonomic polyneuropathy related to Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus; 3 patients had a purely sensory polyneuropathy. Mean age was 34.5 years (range 18–53 years). The biopsies were compared with specimens from an age-matched control series. Myelinated fibre loss in the diabetic nerves was found to be nonuniform. Although patchy fibre loss has been considered to favour a vascular basis, an identical pattern of nonuniform loss was observed in a series of sural nerve biopsies from patients with Type I hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, a subgroup within the spectrum of peroneal muscular atrophy, mainly of autosomal dominant inheritance, and a condition in which a vascular causation can be discounted. Possible reasons for nonuniform fibre loss other than vascular disease are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276850
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormalities of the axonal cytoskeleton in giant axonal neuropathy (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 17 (1988), S. 197-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intermediate filaments accumulate abnormally in a variety of cell types in individuals with human inherited giant axonal neuropathy (GAN). A characteristic feature of this disorder is the occurrence of focal axonal enlargements filled with accumulations of neurofilaments. The minimum separations between neurofilaments in sural nerve axons of a patient with GAN were 12–30 nm compared with 24–60 nm in controls. The normal sidearm protrusions which cross-bridge adjacent filaments were rare in GAN. Average minimum neurofilament diameter was 12.4 nm in GAN compared with 10.1 nm in controls. Many axons were devoid of neurofilaments and contained an increased density of microtubules, many of which did not run longitudinally. This disorganization of microtubule alignment may reflect the lack of an associated neurofilament lattice. It is concluded that GAN involves abnormalities of neurofilament cross-linkage to one another and to adjacent microtubules. Mechanisms are discussed which could account for this inherited disorder of intermediate filament organization affecting various cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01674207
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