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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wall vortex induced by and moving with a confined vortex pair (1989)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 1 (1989), S. 1280-1282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A wall vortex was found, which was induced by, and moved together with, a confined vortex pair, near the parallel plates between which the confined vortex pair was traveling. The generation of the wall vortex can be attributed to the boundary layer separation that was caused by the characteristic flow field of the vortex pair itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.857352
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma with (2″R)-4′-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (1987)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 20 (1987), S. 230-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eighty-four previously treated adult patients with acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma were treated with (2″R)-4′-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP). THP (10–55 mg/m2) was administered by i.v. bolus injection daily for acute leukemia, and according to three different schedules for malignant lymphoma: daily, weekly or once every 3–4 weeks. Complete and partial remission (CR and PR) were achieved by 1 (5%) and 3 of 19 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and by 2 (13%) and 3 of 15 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, respectively. All CRs were in the groups receiving 25 mg/m2 THP daily. CR and PR were achieved by 6 (14%) and 8 of 42 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and by 4 (50%) and 2 of 8 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), respectively. No particular sensitivity was found among the subtypes of NHL and HD. Response (CR+PR) was noted in 10 (40%) of 25 patients treated every 3–4 weeks, in 1 (17%) of 6 treated weekly, and in 9 (47%) of 19 treated daily. The major side effects were myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicities. Alopecia was observed in only 10 (12%) patients. ECG abnormalities were observed in 7 (10%) patients, all of whom had previously been treated with other anthracyclines. No severe cardiotoxicity was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00570491
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes with orally administered N4-palmitoyl-l-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (1986)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 17 (1986), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary N4-Palmitoyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (PLAC) was administered PO to 76 patients with acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), and myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). Of 20 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, 2 achieved complete remission, and the only patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia achieved partial remission. Remission was reached with PLAC 100–300 mg/day 25–66 days after the start of therapy. Among 22 patients with MDS, 1 patient achieved a good response and 8 achieved partial response. Responses were reached with PLAC 50–200 mg/day 7–153 days (median, 33 days) after the start of therapy. Improvement of polycythemia was observed in all 5 patients with polycythemia vera, and reduction of thrombocytosis was observed in 5 out of 6 patients with essential thrombocythemia and myelofibrosis. An antileukemia effect was noted in 1 of 5 with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Major side effects were gastrointestinal toxicities and myelosupression. In spite of the disadvantages, such as unpredictable absorption and a lower response rate to acute leukemia compared with its parent compound, this antileukemia Ara-C analogue that is administrable PO will be useful in the treatment of MDSs and MPDs, which do not necessarily require admission to hospital, and in the treatment of acute leukemia of the aged, a condition for which intensive chemotherapy is not appropriate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306747
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport Characteristics of Ceftibuten (7432-S), a New Oral Cephem, in Rat Intestinal Brush-Border Membrane Vesicles: Proton-Coupled and Stereoselective Transport of Ceftibuten (1989)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 6 (1989), S. 302-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: ceftibuten ; proton-coupled uphill transport ; rat intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles ; stereoselective transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The transport characteristics of ceftibuten in rat intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles were investigated by a rapid filtration technique. Ceftibuten uptake was markedly stimulated by an inwardly directed H+ gradient (pH 7.5 inside, pH 5.5 outside) in comparison with that in the absence of a H+ gradient. The uptake at 30 sec was four times greater than that observed at equilibrium (overshoot phenomenon), while the H+ gradient-stimulated uptake of ceftibuten was markedly reduced in the presence of FCCP, a protonophore. These results suggested H+-coupled uphill transport of ceftibuten. In contrast, an inwardly directed Na+ gradient had no effect on ceftibuten uptake. The valinomycin-induced K+ diffusion potential (inside positive) significantly stimulated the ceftibuten uptake, suggesting net transfer of the negative charge. In contrast to the cis-isomer ceftibuten, the trans isomer of ceftibuten is not readily absorbed from the intestine, and its uptake was found not to be affected by a H+ gradient. Since the lipophilicity of the trans isomer is similar to that of ceftibuten, the uptake process appears to be stereoselective. The initial uptake of ceftibuten and its analogue cefaclor was concentration dependent under a H+ gradient. The apparent K m value was 0.2 mM for ceftibuten and 3.0 mM for cefaclor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015994323639
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epimerization Kinetics of Moxalactam in Frozen Solution (1988)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 5 (1988), S. 266-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: moxalactam ; epimerization ; frozen solution ; ice ; activation energy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The epimerization rate constants of R- and S-epimers of moxalactam (LMOX) in a frozen aqueous solution decreased as the temperature decreased. The reaction proceeded in the unfrozen region remaining in the frozen solution, without being affected by the ice. The reaction stopped completely below the collapse temperature of the LMOX aqueous solution. The ratio of R- and S-epimers at equilibrium, which was equal to the ratio of the epimerization rate constant, increased as the temperature decreased. This change in the ratio at equilibrium could be ascribed to the difference in the activation energy between the two epimers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015918518922
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intra- and inter-nephron heterogeneity of gluconeogenesis in the rat: effects of chronic metabolic acidosis and potassium depletion (1986)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 407 (1986), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Renal gluconeogenesis ; Chronic metabolic acidosis ; Potassium depletion ; Microdissected nephron segment ; Superficial nephron ; Juxtamedullary nephron ; Nephron heterogeneity ; Substrate specificity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The intra- and inter-nephron heterogeneity of renal gluconeogenesis within rat proximal tubules and the effects of chronic metabolic acidosis and chronic potassium(K)-depletion were studied using isolated proximal tubules of rats by directly measuring glucose synthesized. The gluconeogenic activity from pyruvate and glutamine in control rats was almost limited to within the early proximal tubule (S1: 45.4±5.7 pmol/mm/60 min from pyruvate; 58.0±6.0 from glutamine). Very low, but detectable gluconeogenesis was observed in the middle portion of the proximal tubule (S2:9.9±2.2 from pyruvate; 4.8±1.1 from glutamine). The rate of glucose production in the terminal proximal tubule (S3) was negligible. Furthermore, gluconeogenesis from glutamine of superficial (SF) nephrons was significantly higher than that of juxtamedullary (JM) ones, whereas no difference was seen in gluconeogenesis from pyruvate. In acidotic and K-depleted rats, significant increase could be seen in S1 and S2, but the increase in S3 was not significant. By the serial determination in acidosis, the glucose production from both substrates was found to be the highest at the second 1 mm segment from the glomerulus, and it decreased downward along the proximal tubule. In acidosis, glucose production from both substrates in SF nephrons and that from glutamine in JM ones were elevated significantly compared with the control, but that from pyruvate in JM nephrons did not change. These results suggest that S1 of the SF nephron plays the most important role in gluconeogenesis in the control, whereas S1 of the JM nephron and S2 contribute to gluconeogenesis in acidotic and/or possibly K-depleted rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580712
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phase II study of (2″ R)-4′ -0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) in hematological malignancies (1987)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 5 (1987), S. 299-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: THP ; acute leukemia ; malignant lymphoma ; phase II study ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A phase II study of new anthracycline, THP, was conducted in 46 patients with hematological malignancies in a cooperative study. THP was given intravenously either at a dose of 13–34 mg/m2 for 3–5 consecutive days or 35–50 mg/m2 at 3–4 week intervals. Of 21 patients with acute leukemia, complete response (CR) was observed in 3 patients and partial response (PR) in 4. Of 22 patients with malignant lymphoma, CR was observed in 2 and PR in 6. The predominant toxicity was myelosuppression. Leukopenia was noted in 73% of patients and thrombocytopenia in 14%. Anorexia, nausea and vomiting were observed in 49%, 26% and 23%, respectively. Alopecia and acute cardiac toxicities were mild and recovered quickly on discontinuation of THP. Thus, THP was found to be effective for acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00175302
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport Characteristics of Ceftibuten, a New Oral Cephem, in Rat Intestinal Brush-Border Membrane Vesicles: Relationship to Oligopeptide and Amino β-Lactam Transport (1989)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 6 (1989), S. 308-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: ceftibuten ; transport ; brush-border membrane ; oligopeptide ; amino β-lactam ; oral cephem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ceftibuten undergoes H+-coupled uphill transport across rat small intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles. The effects of amino acids, peptides, folate, and β-lactams on the uptake of ceftibuten were examined. Uptake of ceftibuten was competitively inhibited by dipeptides or tripeptides. A counter-transport effect on ceftibuten uptake was observed in the vesicle preloaded with these peptides, and the transport was temporarily against a concentration gradient (overshooting). On the other hand, ceftibuten uptake was not changed by amino acids and a tetrapeptide. Therefore, ceftibuten is predominantly transported via the oligopeptide transport system in the brush-border membranes. The relationship of ceftibuten transport to folate and other oral antibiotics was also investigated. Cyclacillin, cephradine, and cefadroxil exhibited both inhibitory and countertransport effects, but folate, cefaclor, and cephalexin showed only a slight inhibitory effect. As the transport of cefaclor showed no uphill uptake in the presence of a H+ gradient and its H+ stimulated uptake was small, a H+ gradient-independent carrier-mediated system seems to participate in its transport. These findings suggest that two different carrier-mediated transport systems, H+ gradient dependent and independent, may exist for oral cephems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015946407709
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