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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 117-118 (Jan. 1993), p. 417-422 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Mitochondrial myopathy ; Cytochrome c oxidase ; Mosaicism of mitochondria ; Electron microscopic histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopic histochemistry was applied to the study of cytochrome c oxidase activity in each mitochondrion of biopsied muscles from four patients with mitochondrial myopathy [one case of fatal infantile mitochondrial myopathy, one case of myoclonus epilepsy associated with ragged-red fibers (MERRF), and two cases of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS)]. In the patient with fatal infantile mitochondrial myopathy, intercellular heterogeneity of mitochondria was recognized. In the three patients with either MERRF or MELAS, cytochrome c oxidase activity was segmentally changed from positive to negative within single muscle fibers. In the two patients with MELAS, small groups of positive-stained mitochondria were located among negative-stained mitochondria in the negative segment of a few muscle fibers. These findings revealed that there were heterogeneous populations of normal and abnormal mitochondria intracellularly or intercellularly within the muscles of these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Mitochondrial myopathy ; Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency ; Immunoelectron microscopy ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The levels of mitochondrial electron transport system proteins cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and complex III were measured in muscle fibers of patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy using quantitative immunoelectron microscopy. In a patient with Leigh's encephalopathy, immunoreactive COX protein was decreased to 20% of the normal mean value in all muscle fibers examined, while the amount of complex III was within the normal range. In a patient with fatal infantile COX deficiency, the level of COX protein was found to be decreased to 27–40% of the normal value in all muscle fibers examined. In patients with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis associated with stroke-like episodes (MELAS) and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), COX protein levels were decreased to 20% of normal in muscle fibers lacking COX activity. In normal fibers, however, COX protein levels were also normal. The amount of complex III protein was normal in COX-deficient muscle fibers. In two patients, in situ hybridization was performed for detection of mitochondrial mRNA. Mitochondrial mRNAs were found to be abundant in muscle fibers with decreased COX protein, suggesting a defect at the mitochondrial protein-synthesis level in a COX-deficient muscle fiber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Neonatal screening ; Phenylketonuria ; Maple syrup urine disease ; Homocystinuria ; Galactosemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A nationwide neonatal sreening program for phenylketonuria (PKU), maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), homocystinuria, histidinemia and galactosemia was started in Japan in 1977. The total number of infants screened had reached 6,311,754 by March, 1982. A follow-up study revealed the incidence of the disease in Japan: 1/108,823 for PKU; 1/450,840 for hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA); 1/1,577,939 for biopterin deficiency; 1/525,980 for MSUD; 1/1,051,959 for homocystinuria; 1/8,371 for histidinemia, and 1/788,969 for galactosemia type 1. The incidences of PKU, HPA, homocystinuria, and galactosemia (type 1) were found to be markedly low in Japan as compared with those in Caucasian countries. There was no great difference in the incidence of MSUD between both. On the other hand, the incidence of histidinemia was higher in Japan. It was found that most of the patients with PKU, HPA, MSUD, homocystinuria, or galactosemia are developing normally due to the early initiation of dietary treatment. These results clearly indicate that the neonatal mass screening program plays a great role in preventing the occurrence of handicapped children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Methylmalonic acidaemia ; Type 4 renal tubular acidosis ; Chronic renal disease ; Tubulo-interstitial nephritis ; Hyporeninaemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 10-month-old male infant with vitamin B12 non-responsive methylmalonic acidaemia is reported. Laboratory results revealed hyperkalaemic, hyperchloraemic, metabolic acidosis with slight azotaemia. The urinary pH decreased (below 5.5) to compensate for acidaemia. Levels of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration were low. The renal biopsy showed tubulo-interstitial nephritis. We suggested the diagnosis of type 4 renal tubular acidosis, subtype 2, i.e. hyporeninaemic hypoaldosteronism. We suggest that chronic renal disease may be a common complication of methylmalonic acidaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: d-lactic acidosis ; Short bowel syndrome ; Lactobacillus ; Kanamycin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two cases of d-lactic acidosis associated with short bowel syndrome are described. The administration of kanamycin to the patients showed a decrease in d-lactate in blood and urine in parallel with disappearance of metabolic acidosis. Bacteriological analyses of the fecal flora showed an increase in Lactobacillus buchneri in the first patient and Lactobacillus fermenti IVa in the second; both bacteria were sensitive to kanamycin. Quantification of in vitro production of d-lactate by each species of bacteria isolated from the feces revealed that Lactobacillus produced more d-lactate than other species of bacteria. These observations indicate that Lactobacillus may play an important role in the induction of d-lactic acidosis in patients with short bowel syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Mitochondrial myopathic symdrome ; Lactic acidosis ; Endothelium ; Ultrastructural study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The quadriceps femoris muscle and the muscularis mucosae of the rectum from two children with mitochondrial myopathic syndrome associated with lactic acidosis were studied by electron microscopy. Striking morphological abnormalities of mitochondria were noted not only in the skeletal but also in the smooth muscle cells. Endothelial cells of blood capillaries distributed in these affected muscles were so greatly swollen that the capillary lumen was almost occluded. In contrast, surface epithelial and glandular epithelial cells of the rectum contained normal mitochondria, and fenestrated capillaries in the propria mucosae remained intact. Long-term ischemia resulting from occlusive changes of the capillary wall may be responsible for the mitochondrial alterations of muscle cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 540-540 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 151 (1992), S. 154-159 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ; Sudden infant death ; Reye syndrome ; Mass screening ; DNA diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder which is known to cause Reye-like syndrome in children and sudden infant death. A point mutation of lysine329-to-glutamic acid329 substitution in the MCAD gene was recently identified as the most common mutation in patients with MCAD deficiency. This mutation is responsible for about 90% of mutant MCAD alleles in Caucasians. Patients with this type of mutation have a variety of symptoms, indicating that the clinical heterogeneity of MCAD deficiency may not be caused entirely by genetic heterogeneity. Screening for the mutation among newborns in England, Australia, and United States of America indicates the prevalence of carriers to be 1 in 40–107, suggesting the high incidence of the mutation. Since presymptomatic diagnosis and appropriate dietary management are important in MCAD deficiency to prevent life-threatening complications, the relatively high incidence of this disorder may warrant population screening. The most common MCAD mutation can now be detected by DNA diagnostic methods using Guthrie cards. This makes it possible to screen a population efficiently for this potentially fatal disorder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Vitamin B12 unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia ; Protein intolerance ; Dietary therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The biochemical and therapeutic responses to dietary therapy were studied in a 25-month-old girl and a 1-month-old girl with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA-emia), which was unresponsive to vitamin B12. The minimum daily intake of protein which patients could tolerate and display a good development was between 1.0 and 1.2 g per kg body weight. Supplementation with amino acid mixture devoid of toxic amino acids was required to prevent protein malnutrition when daily protein intake was restricted to 0.6 g per kg body weight. Caloric intake should be sufficient, not only to promote growth but also to prevent a rise in MMA level, especially when a patient has ketoacidosis. It was found that MMA excretion per mg creatinine in random urine specimens correlated significantly with serum MMA and twenty four-hour output of MMA per kg body weight. Therefore measurement of MMA in a single urine specimen is useful for evaluating the in vivo accumulation of MMA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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