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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibodies to hen and duck antigens in poultry workers (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 14 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Serum antibodies to avian and Aspergillus antigens were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in forty-two workers from a poultry abattoir and in twenty healthy blood donors. The levels of IgG and IgA antibodies to hen and duck serum were significantly higher in poultry workers than in blood donors (P〈0.01). In workers employed for less than 1 year the antibody levels were lower than in those who had been employed for a longer period of time (P〈0.05). The IgA antibody level to a high molecular weight Aspergillus antigen was higher in poultry workers than blood donors (P〈0-05), whereas the level of other Aspergillus antibodies were similar in the two groups. The level of IgG antibodies to hen antigen was higher in non-smokers than in smokers (P〈0-02). A correlation between the antibody levels to hen and duck antigens and to pigeon antigen was found (P〈0.05). indicating cross-reactivity between these antibodies. No cases of allergic alveolitis were found, and no correlation between antibody levels and respiratory symptoms could be demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02225.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On universal 22 (1982)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Journal of linguistics 18 (1982), S. 231-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-2267
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies
    Notes: Greenberg's pioneering work on word order universals (Greenberg, 1966) in which he proposed a total of universals concerning the ‘order of meaningful elements’ as well as a typology based on this order distinguishing 24 language types has truly had a great influence on linguistic research in the past few years. Not only has this important contribution to our understanding of language universals and typology precipitated such widespread interest in this particular field of linguistics which has culminated in a number of language specific monographs (see for instance Heine, 1976; Lehmann, 1974; Friedrich, 1975); symposia (see Li, 1975, 1976, 1977) and even larger projects (for example the Language Universals Project of Stanford University, and the Cologne project on language universals, see Greenberg, 1978; Seiler, 1973, 1978), but it also has influenced linguistics in general to such an extent that many consider syntactic description and research to be incomplete without a thorough discussion of word order, in some cases to the virtual exclusion of other topics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022226700013591
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of root anaerobiosis on the water relations of several Pyrus species (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 62 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Solution culture experiments were designed to investigate the plant water relations of 3 Pyrus species subjected to root anaerobiosis. Root anaerobiosis induced partial stomatal closure prior to alterations in leaf water potential (ΨLW) or root osmotic potential (ΨRπ). In contrast, stomatal closure was accompanied by a decline in root hydraulic conductivity (Lp). Anoxia markedly reduced ΨLW for Pyrus communis L. and eventually led to wilting and defoliation. Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge and Pyrus calleryana Decne, however, were less affected by root anaerobiosis. To delineate if the increased root resistance was in the radial or longitudinal direction, 10−4M cistrans abscisic acid (ABA) was added to detopped root systems of P. communis in solution culture after steady-state rates of Lp were established. A consistent 25 to 30% promotion of Lp was observed 1.5 h after the addition of ABA for aerobically treated plants. ABA did not influence Lp when applied to roots previously deprived of O2 for 4 days. Additional evidence against the limiting resistance being in the radial direction was obtained when water fluxes were compared through intact P. communis roots, roots with all feeder roots detached, and stems without root systems. Severing feeder roots from anaerobically treated plants did not increase water flux to rates observed for aerobically treated plants. Resistance progressed basipetally to eventually encompass the stem itself. These results can only be explained by occlusion of the xylem vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1984.tb00378.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water and ion fluxes of abscisic acid-treated root systems of pear, Pyrus communis (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 60 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Water and ion fluxes of intact root systems of Pyrus communis L. cv. Old Home × Farmingdale 97 immersed in a nutrient solution were determined at various pressures and temperatures. Water flux (Jv was normalized on the basis of initial flow rates of a root system after 30 min at 0.50 MPa and 25°C, expressed as the ratio Qv. Qv responded linearly to pressures between 0.20 and 0.62 MPa, implying a constant root hydraulic conductivity (Lp) within this range. Similarly Qv was linearly related to temperatures between 7 and 35°C; however, large, rapid temperature changes resulted in a break of the Arrhenius plot of Qv versus the reciprocal of temperature, Abscisic acid (ABA) from 2 × 10−6 to 10−4M, applied to intact root systems, increased Qv within 10–20 min, with the effect leveling off after 1.5 h. At a pressure of 0.50 MPa, ABA at 10-4M enhanced Qv by 28%. The stimulation of Qv was not due to the ethanol solvent since 0.13 or 1.33% ethanol decreased Qv-, The osmotic potential of the xylem fluid was determined and was used to calculate total normalized solute flux. The results suggest that ABA-induced or ethano1-induced changes in Qv were mainly due to changes in Lp and not to changes in ion transport to the xylem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1984.tb04555.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiologic manifestations in alcaptonuria (1984)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 11 (1984), S. 204-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Alcaptonuria ; Ochronotic arthropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alcaptonuria is a rare, hereditary disorder of amino acid metabolism, secondary to lack of homogentisic acid oxydase. As a consequence, there is ex accumulation of homogentisic acid, which is excreted in the urine and deposited in the connective tissues. This deposition results in ochronotic pigmentation and arthropathy, of which some characteristic radiological findings are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349495
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of GABA sensitive areas on hippocampal pyramidal cells (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 45 (1982), S. 357-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: GABA ; Localization ; Dendritic action
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In isolated transverse hippocampal slices GABA (gamma-amino-butyric acid) was applied iontophoretically to various parts of the dendritic tree of CA1 pyramidal cells. Indices of GABA effects were reduced amplitude of orthodromically driven CA1 population spikes and inhibition of single CA1 units driven by orthodromic stimulation or by application of L-glutamate. Weak iontophoretic currents of GABA (3–6 nA, backing current -3 nA) effectively reduced the amplitude of the population spike and arrested unit activity when applied in a position close to the soma. The effect was halved when GABA was applied 25–30 μm away at right angles to the main dendritic axis. In the direction of the main dendritic axis, GABA was effective as far as 250 and 150 μm from the soma in the apical and basal dendritic directions, respectively, corresponding to about 50% of the total dendritic length. The best effect was usually found at a depth corresponding to that of the recording electrode, probably because the main dendritic axis was parallel to the slice surface. The sharp localization of GABA sensitivity when applied in the pyramidal layer supports earlier evidence that GABA mediates the basket cell inhibition on the soma of the pyramidal hippocampal cells. In the dendritic tree, GABA may also have an inhibitory function with an effectiveness matching that of the soma application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01208595
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiological studies of diabetes mellitus in Denmark: 3. Clinical characteristics and incidence of diabetes among males aged 0 to 19 years (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 226-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; early onset diabetes mellitus ; incidence ; secular trend ; seasonally ; geographical distribution ; symptom duration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study presents the clinical-epidemiological analysis of data from 769 individuals, representing 〉 95% of all cases of diabetes mellitus diagnosed during the first 20 years of life among the Danish male birth cohorts 1949–1956 inclusive. It is concluded that except for a very few, all cases of diabetes developing during the first 20 years of life are insulin-dependent with a duration of symptoms 〈 2 months before diagnosis in 〉 75% of the cases. The cases were evenly distributed within Denmark at the time of birth as well as of diagnosis, and 〉 98% were admitted to hospital at diagnosis. A relatively higher proportion of cases diagnosed during autumn and winter periods was found, but was not statistically significant. Incidence was analysed in a regression model with age and calendar time as variables; the variation of age at onset was similar to previous studies with a peak at pre-school age and at puberty. Contrary to previous Danish analyses, we found a significant calendar time variation with steadily increasing age-specific incidences from the beginning of 1950s until an apparent maximum in mid-1970s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279933
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrinsic asthma and bacterial histamine release (1982)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 12 (1982), S. 101-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study of intrinsic asthma (IA) in children the pathogenic role of bacteria in respiratory disease was elucidated by a basophil histamine liberation technique. Several strains of bacteria caused release of histamine from peripheral leukocytesin vitro. Normal, non-infectious and non-atopic children frequently responded in a similar fashion, although positive responses were less frequent. It seems that two different mechanisms of bacterial histamine release exist: interaction with the basophil-bound IgE and a direct interaction with the cell surface. It is suggested that the histamine release takes place only in the lung of IA patients, where a defective pulmonary barrier could permit the bacteria to enter, but not in healthy individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01965116
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sodium ions on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in vitro (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 47 (1982), S. 154-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Sodium ; Epileptiform activity ; Hippocampus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intra- and extracellular recordings were obtained from the CA1 region of guinea pig hippocampal slices maintained in vitro. We studied the effect of reducing the extracellular sodium concentration on penicillin-induced epileptiform responses. In control experiments, Tris and choline were assayed as sodium substitutes. Choline was found unsuitable, since it induced repetitive firing in the absence of any convulsant agent. Replacement of 50% of the extracellular sodium ([Na+]o) with Tris reduced the amplitude of the presynaptic fiber volley, the field EPSP, and the population spike. Intracellular studies showed that when [Na+]o was lowered, action-potential amplitudes were reversibly depressed by an amount close to that predicted by the Nernst relation. Orthodromically elicited epileptiform discharges, induced by penicillin, were reduced in a low-sodium medium when constant stimulus currents were employed. If orthodromic stimulus strengths in normal and low-sodium states were equated on the basis of the field-EPSP amplitude, no significant diminution of the depolarizing-wave component of the epileptiform response was observed. These results suggest that a synaptic component underlies penicillin-induced epileptiform discharges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235899
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unit analysis of hippocampal population spikes (1971)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 13 (1971), S. 208-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Hippocampal formation ; Single units ; Population spike ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The assumption that the negative extracellular population spikes recorded from the pyramidal or granular layers in the hippocampal formation in response to appropriate afferent volleys is due to the sum of individual unitary discharges was tested by recording unit activity and population spike with microelectrodes, using normal and ultrashort amplifier time constants. 2. Unit spikes were correlated in time with the population spike. 3. The size of the population spike was altered by varying the stimulus strength, or by using a conditioning-test technique. In either case the number of units recorded followed the change in the size of the population spike. For very large population spikes, the technique failed since unit spikes could then no longer be clearly distinguished. 4. The theoretically expected shape of the population spike as a summation of individual unit discharges was derived, and discussed in terms of the observed results. 5. We conclude that over a wide range the height of the population spike is an increasing function of the number of discharging cells and can thus be used as a measure of the extent to which an afferent volley discharges a cell population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234086
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