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  • 1980-1984  (25)
  • 1890-1899  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 321 (1982), S. 157-163 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Tl+-ions ; Excretion ; Mucosal epithelium ; Small intestine ; Large intestine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The movement of Tl+-ions was investigated on both isolated non blood-perfused jejunal and ileal segments as well as on stripped colon segments in vitro of rats. 2. After having administered radioactively labeled 204Tl-(Tl2SO4) on either the mucosal or the serosal side of these preparations only, a preferential direction of the movement of Tl+-ions from the serosal to the mucosal side was observed. In jejunal segments, the 204Tl-radioactivity at the mucosal side reached a concentration equilibrium with the concentration administered at the serosal side of the preparations. In colon segments a concentration gradient of more than 2 was established between the mucosal and the serosal side. In ileal segments the concentration of 204Tl-radioactivity in the mucosal fluid reached roughly 80% of that administered at the serosal side. 3. The amount taken up into the intestinal tissue is much higher after having administered the 204Tl-radioactivity from the serosal side than from the mucosal side. This holds true for jejunal ileal, and colonic segments. 4. In equilibrium experiments of non-everted colonic segments which were incubated on either side with the same 204Tl-concentrations the net transfer of 204Tl was determined directly. After a delay of 60 min the net transfer of 204Tl follows the rapid uptake into the intestinal tissue. 5. The net transfer as well as the tissue content of 204Tl decreases with increasing concentrations. From concentrations of 204Tl-ions of 5×10-5M on, no concentration gradient between the mucosal and the serosal side could be established. 6. The net transfer of 204Tl depends highly on temperature. At 29°C a diminished concentration gradient of the 204Tl between the mucosal and the serosal fluid was observed. At 25°C no concentration gradient could be established. The content of 204Tl in tissue, however, was not affected by this decrease of temperature. 7. The net transfer of 204Tl is nearly doubled by an increase of the K+-concentration at the mucosal side from 4.5 (normal) up to 72 mM, whereas the change of the 204Tl-content in tissue was statistically not significant. A decrease, however, of the net transfer of 204Tl is the consequence of an increased K+-concentration at the serosal side. In these segments the 204Tl content in tissue is decreased by 16% at the highest concentration of K+-ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Boston, Mass., etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The North American Review. 156 (1893:Jan./June) 439 
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 318 (1984), S. 276-277 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 34 (1981), S. 38-40 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 470 (1980), S. 157-166 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenearsines. IV. Molecular and Crystal Structure of 2,4-Di(tert. Butyl)-1,3-dimethyl-2,4-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-1,3-diarsetaneOn UV irradiation methyl-[2,2-dimethyl-l-(trimethylsiloxy)propylidene]arsine dimerizes to 2,4-di(tert. Butyl)-1,3-dimethyl-2,4-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-l,3-diarsetane 1. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with: a = 12.829(4); b = 11.931(3); c = 33.23(1)Å; Z = 8. As it is found by a crystal structure determination (R = 5.6%) the molecule shows approximately C2-symmetry. The methyl groups at the arsenic atoms and the trimethylsiloxy groups are placed above, the tert.-butyl groups below the plane of the four membered ring which is slightly folded. The relatively long (2.05 Ä) arsenic-carbon bond-distances indicate a strained ring-system. Further characteristic average values are: As—CH3 1.96; C—0 1.40; Si—O 1.62 Å; ∢C—As—CH3 102.2° and 99.0° C—O—Si 156.3° in the ring: C—As—C 85.9°; As—C—As 92.5°.
    Notes: Unter UV-Bestrahlung dimerisiert Methyl-[2,2-dimethyl-l-(trimethylsiloxy)-propyliden]arsan zum 2,4-Di(tert. butyl)-l,3-dimethyl-2,4-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-l,3-diarsetan 1. Die Verbindung kristallisiert in der orthorhombischen Raumgruppe Pbca mit: a = 12,829(4); b = 11,931(3); c = 33,23(1) Å; Z = 8. Wie die Röntgenstrukturanalyse (R = 5,6%) zeigt, besitzt das Molekül angenähert C2-Symmetrie Die Methylgruppen an den Arsenatomen ordnen sich mit den Trimethylsiloxygruppen oberhalb, die tert.-Butylgruppen unterhalb der leicht gewinkelten Ringebene an. Die mit 2,05 Å langen Arsen-Kohlenstoff-Bindungen weisen auf ein gespanntes Ringsystem hin. Weitere charakteristische Mittelwerte sind: As—CH3 1,96; C—0 1,40; Si—O 1,62 Å; ∢C—As—CH3 102,2° u. 99,0°; C—O—Si 156,3° im Ring: C—As—C 85,9° As—C—As 92,5°.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 480 (1981), S. 38-48 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenephosphines. XVIII. Monoacetyl- and DiacetylphosphineWhen triacetylphosphine 3a is treated with methanol 4 or benzyl alcohol 6 P—C(O) bonds are cleaved and a mixture of diacetyl- 2a and monoacetylphosphine 1a is formed. The thermally labile phosphine 1a decomposes completely within a few hours at +20°C; but 2a also reacts slowly within days to give triacetylphosphine 3a and further unknown compounds. As it is found by nmr-spectroscopic studies the acidic hydrogen atoms of monoacetylphosphine 1a are both bound to phosphorus. In liquid diacetylphosphine 2a or in solutions of this compound, However, there exists an equilibrium between the keto tautomer K-2a with a PH and the enol tautomer E-2a with an O—H—O group; compared with pentane-2,4-dione 8a the keto tautomerpredo minates in 2a. As in 1,3-diketones a low temperature and a small dielectric constant of the solvent increase the amount of enol tautomer E-2a present. The 1H-nmr resonance of the enolic hydrogen atom is observed at very low field (δ = 18,3 ppm).
    Notes: Triacetylphosphan 3a reagiert mit Methanol 4 oder Benzylalkohol 6 unter Spaltung von P—C(O)-Bindungen zu einem Gemisch von Diacetyl-2a und Monoacetylphosphan 1a. Die thermisch instabile Verbindung 1a zersetzt sich vollständig innerhalb weniger Stunden bei +20°C; aber auch 2a dismutiert langsam im Laufe von Tagen zu Triacetylphosphan 3a und weiteren unbekannten Verbindungen. Nach NMR-spektroskopischen Befunden sind im Monoacetylphosphan 1a die beiden aciden Wasserstoffatome an den Phosphor gebunden. Beim Diacetylphosphan 2a stellt sich sowohl in der reinen Flüssigkeit als auch in Lösungen ein Gleichgewicht zwischen dem Keto-Tautomeren K-2a mit einer PH- und dem Enol-tautomeren E-2a mit einer O—H—O-Gruppe ein; im Vergleich zum Acetylaceton 8a ist es stärker zum Keto-Tautomeren hin verschoben. Wie bei 1,3-Diketonen begünstigen eine niedrige Temperatur und eine kleine Dielektrizitätskonstante des Lösungsmittels das Enol-Tautomere E-2a. Die 1H-NMR-Resonanz des enolischen Wasserstoffatoms wird mit einem δ-Wert von 18,3 ppm bei sehr tiefem Feld beobachtet.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 485 (1982), S. 23-35 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl and Alkylidenephosphines. XlX. Molecular and Crystal Structure of 2,4-Bis (dimethyl-amino) -1,3-diphenyl-l, 3-diphosphetane2,4-Bis(dimethylamino)-1,3-diphenyl-1,3-diphosphetane 2a which is isolated as a byproduct in the synthesis of (E)-(dimethylamino)methylidene-phenylphosphine 1a crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c. The dimensions of the unit cell determined at -65 ± 5°C are: a = 1 004(1); b = 1 018(3); c = 1 873(2) pm; β = 105.15(8)°; Z = 4. As it is shown by a low temperature X-ray structure determination (Rg = 3.5%) the phenyl groups are placed above and the dimethylamino groups below the folded 1,3-diphosphetane ring; the molecule with its differently twisted substituents, however, deviates considerably from point symmetry mm2. The dihedral angle between the P1—C1n—P2 planes (n = 1 or 2) is found to be 153°. The relatively long Pn—C1n bond distances (187 to 191 pm) indicate a strained ring system; in solution 2a decomposes to some extent and forms monomeric 1a again. Further characteristic average bond distances and angles are: Pn—C4n (phenyl) 184; C—N 146 pm; P1—C1n—P2 93°; C11—Pn—C12 84° and Pn—C1n—Nn 116°.
    Notes: Das bei der Synthese des (E)-(Dimethylamino)methyliden-phenylphosphans 1a als Nebenprodukt gebildete 2,4-Bis(dimethylamino)-1,3-diphenyl-1,3-diphosphetan 2a kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/c mit den dei der Meßtemperatur von -65 ± 5°C bestimmten Gitterkonstanten: a = 1 004(1); b = 1 018(3); c = 1 873(2) pm; β = 105,15(8)°; Z = 4. Nach den Ergebnissen der Röntgenstrukturanalyse (Rg = 3,5%) ordnen sich die Phenylgruppen oberhalb, die Dimethylamino-Gruppen unterhalb des mit 153° an der P1-P2-Achse gefalteten 1,3-Diphosphetan-Rings an; durch unterschiedliche Drehung der Substituenten weicht aber das Molekül stark von der Punktsymmetrie mm2 ab. Die mit 187 bis 191 pm langen endocyclischen Pn-C1n-Abstände (n = 1 oder 2) weisen auf einen gespannten Ring hin; in Lösung zerfällt 2a wieder teilweise in das Monomere 1a. Weitere charakteristische mittlere Bindungsabstände und -winkel sind: Pn-C4n (Phenyl) 184; C—N 146 pm; P1—C1n—P2 93°; C11—Pn—C12 84° und Pn—C1n—Nn 116°.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 486 (1982), S. 70-89 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Element-Element Bonds. I. Syntheses and Structure of Tetra(tert-butyl)tetrarsetane and of Tetra(tert-butyl)tetrastibetaneDilithium (tert-butyl)arsenide reacts with (tert-butyl)dichloroarsine to give tetra-(tert-butyl)tetrarsetane 1; homologous tetra(tert-butyl)tetrastibetane 2 is formed by reduction of (tert-butyl)dichlorostibane with magnesium. The isotypic compounds 1/2 crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 4. The dimensions of the unit cells determined at -45 ± 5°C are: a = 957.4(8)/1 000.2(3); b = 1 399.1(14)/1 423.9(4); c = 1 697.4(9)/1 749.8(7) pm; β = 96.02(6)/96.77(3)°. As shown by low temperature X-ray structure determinations (3 531/3 232 symmetry independent reflections; Rg = 4.0/4.6%) the four membered rings E4 (E = As or Sb) are folded; in all-trans configuration the bulky organic substituents occupy pseudo-equatorial positions. Characteristic averaged bond distances and angles are: E—E 244/282; E—C 202/221 pm; ∢ E—E—E 86/85° ∢ E—E—C 101/99°. The dihedral angels of the bisphenoides built up by the atoms of the rings are found to be 139/133°.
    Notes: Dilithium-(tert-butyl)arsenid reagiert mit (tert-Butyl)dichlorarsan zum Tetra(tert-butyl)tetrarsetan 1; das homologe Tetrastibetan 2 bildet sich bei der Reduktion von (tert-Butyl)dichlorstiban mit Magnesium. Die isotypen Verbindungen kristallisieren monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/c mit Z = 4. Die bei der Meßtemperatur von -45 ± 5°C bestimmten Gitterkonstanten von 1/2 sind: a = 957,4(8)/1 000,2(3); b = 1 399,1(14)/1 423,9(4); c = 1 697,4(9)/1 749,8(7) pm; β = 96,02(6)/96,77(3)°. Nach den Ergebnissen der Röntgenstrukturanalysen (3 531/3 232 symmetrieunabhängige Reflexe, Rg = 4,0/4,6%) sind die E4-Ringe (E = As, Sb) gefaltet; die voluminösen organischen Substituenten stehen pseudo-äquatorial in der all-trans-Konfiguration. Charakteristische mittlere Bindungslängen und -winkel sind: E—E 244/282; E—C 202/221 pm; ∢ E—E—E 86/85° ∢ E—E—C 101/99°. Die Diederwinkel der von den Ringatomen aufgespannten Bisphenoide betragen 139/133°.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 486 (1982), S. 90-101 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Trimethylsilyl Derivatives of Vb-Elements. II. Molecular and Crystal Structure of Tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)diarsinePale yellow tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)diarsine 1 which is easily obtained from lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)arsenide · 2 tetrahydrofurane (THF) and 1,2-dibromoethane crystallizes in a trigonal, acentric space group. The dimensions of the unit cell determined at -95 ± 5°C are: a = 974.2(2); c = 2 080.0(4) pm; Z = 3. Considering anomalous dispersion the refinement of structural data in space group P3121 converges at an R-value of 0.060, in its enantiomorph P3221, however, at 0.031. With a dihedral angle Si2′—As′—As—Si1 of -125.7° the molecule adopts gauche conformation. Both bis(trimethylsilyl)arsino groups are symmetry-related by the crystallographic operation of the diad. Characteristic bond lengths and angles are: As—As 245.8(1); As—Si 236.5(1) and 236.2(2) pm; Si—As—Si 100.90(5); As—As—Si 93.87(3) and 113.63(4)°. The shortest intermolecular As—As distance is found to be 662 pm.
    Notes: Das schwach gelbe, aus Lithium-bis(trimethylsilyl)arsenid · 2 Tetrahydrofuran (THF) und 1,2-Dibromäthan leicht zugängliche Tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)diarsan 1 kristallisiert trigonal mit den bei der Meßtemperatur von -95 ± 5°C verfeinerten Gitterkonstanten: a = 974,2(2); c = 2 080,0(4) pm; Z = 3. Unter Berücksichtigung der anomalen Dispersion konvergieren die Verfeinerungen der Röntgenstrukturanalyse in der Raumgruppe P3121 bei einem R-Wert von 0,060, in ihrem Enantiomorphen P3221 bei 0,031. Mit einem Diederwinkel Si2′—As′—As—Si1 von -125,7° weist das Molekül gauche Konformation auf; beide Bis(trimethylsilyl)arsano-Gruppen werden über die kristallographische Symmetrieoperation der zweizähligen Drehachse ineinander überführt. Charakteristische Bindungslängen und -winkel sind: As—As 245,8(1); As—Si 236,5(1) und 236,2(2) pm; Si—As—Si 100,90(5); As—As—Si 93,87(3) und 113,63(4)°. Der kürzeste intermolekulare As—As-Abstand beträgt 662 pm.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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