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  • 1980-1984  (10)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of embedding media and fixation on the post-embedment ultrastructural demonstration of complex carbohydrates (1983)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 79 (1983), S. 417-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of fixation and the embedding medium on post-embedment dialyzed iron (DI) staining of acidic complex carbohydrates in mouse colon was studied at the ultrastructural level. DI staining of ultrathin sections from non-osmicated tissues embedded in epoxy resins was very weak, whereas DI staining of non-osmicate tissues embedded in non-epoxy resins such as polystyrene, polyester resins, methacrylates and newly developed embedding mixtures was strong. Brief exposure to OsO4 (5 min) abolished the DI staining in stored secretions of goblet and mucous cells, in apical cytoplasmic vesicles and at the microvillous surface of columnar absorptive cells and in the Golgi cisternae of all colonic cell types in epoxy embedded tissues, but only reduced slightly or had no effect on the DI reactivity observed in these sites in tissues embedded in non-epoxy resins. Prolonged exposure to OsO4 (60 min) prior to embedment in non-epoxy resins further reduced DI staining in all reactive sites and abolished the staining in Golgi cisternae of all colonic epithelial cells. Embedment of non-osmicated tissues in a styrene-Vestopal W mixture and of tissues briefly exposed to OsO4 after primary glutaraldehyde fixation in styrene-methacrylate is recommended for optimal post-embedment DI staining of the acidic groups of complex carbohydrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491777
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light microscopic detection of sugar residues in glycoconjugates of salivary glands and the pancreas with lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates. I. Mouse (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 15 (1983), S. 1217-1238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mouse salivary glands and pancreases were stained with a battery of ten horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectins. Lectin staining revealed striking differences in the structure of oligosaccharides of stored intracellular secretory glycoproteins and glycoconjugates associated with the surface of epithelial cells lining excretory ducts. The percentage of acinar cells containing terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine residues varied greatly in submandibular glands of 30 male mice, but all submandibular acinar cells contained oligosaccharides with terminal sialic acid and penultimate β-galactose residues. The last named dimer was abundant in secretory glycoprotein of all mucous acinar cells in murine sublingual glands and an additional 20–50% of these cells in all glands contained terminalN-acetylglucosamine residues. In contrast, terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine was abundant in sublingual serous demilune secretions. Serous acinar cells in the exorbital lacrimal gland, posterior lingual gland, parotid gland and pancreas exhibited a staining pattern unique to each organ. In contrast, the apical cytoplasm and surface of striated duct epithelial cells in the submandibular, sublingual, parotid and exorbital lacrimal gland stained similarly. A comparison of staining with conjugated lectins reported biochemically to have very similar carbohydrate binding specificity has revealed some remarkable differences in their reactivity, suggesting different binding specificity for the same terminal sugars having different glycosidic linkages or with different penultimate sugar residues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01002741
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of embedding media and fixation on the post-embedment ultrastructural demonstration of complex carbohydrates. I. Morphology and periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate staining of vicinal diols (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 15 (1983), S. 763-784 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of fixation and embedding medium on the periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PA-TCH-SP) staining reactivity in the mouse intestine was studied. It was found that the combination of osmium tetroxide and epoxy resins was the least sensitive for the demonstration of complex carbohydrate with the PA-TCH-SP method. Post-osmication reduced, but did not abolish, PA-TCH-SP reactivity (except for the Golgi complex) when non-epoxy resins were used. The staining pattern of a particular organelle differed depending on the embedding medium used. Golgi cisternae exhibited the most intense PA-TCH-SP reactivity in non-osmicated tissues embedded in non-epoxy resins. Post-osmication of tissues was required to reveal the fine structure of the glycocalyx as well as to preserve the fine structure of tissues embedded in styrene-methacrylate and styrene-Rigolac 2004. The choice of fixation procedures and embedding media in a given study should be governed primarily by the sites of interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01003340
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    d-Penicillamine in Wilson's disease presenting as acute liver failure with hemolysis (1982)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 27 (1982), S. 1126-1129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Wilson's disease in a young woman presenting with an acute course is described. The clinical manifestations were fulminant hepatic failure associated with marked intravascular hemolysis. Immediated-penicillamine and high-dose steroid therapy did not infuence the course of the disease. Necropsy revealed an increased hepatic copper content and cirrhosis with extensive necrosis of the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01391452
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical localization of sialoglycoconjugates with a sialic acid-specific lectin from the slugLimax flavus (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 16 (1984), S. 1125-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01002899
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light microscopic detection of sugar residues in glycoconjugates of salivary glands and the pancreas with lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates. II. Rat (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 16 (1984), S. 3-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Salivary glands and pancreases from male rats were stained with a battery of ten different lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates. Qualitative and quantitative differences were observed in the content of terminal sugar residues in stored secretory glycoproteins in parenchymal cells of glands having a similar histological structure. Heterogeneity in the content of secretory glycoconjugates was also found between cells in the same exocrine glands, which were previously thought to be identical on the basis of classical morphological and histochemical staining studies. Similar differences were observed in the structure of glycoconjugates associated with the apical surface of epithelial cells lining glandular excretory ducts. Intercalated ducts presented a gland specific staining pattern different from that of the glandular secretory cell population, whereas striated duct and interlobular duct epithelial cells stained similarly in all major rat exocrine glands. A comparison of lectin binding patterns in identical histological sites in the mouse, reported in a companion paper, is provided, and the similarities and differences between these two rodent species are discussed. In addition to providing valuable information concerning the localization and structure of tissue complex carbohydrates, a comparison of staining in the same tissue sites with labelled lectins reported biochemically to have similar binding specificity has revealed interesting differences in the binding specificity of these macromolecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01003432
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of seasonal changes in prolactin and growth hormone cells in the hypophyses of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus borealis) by ultrastructural and immunocytochemical techniques (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 160 (1981), S. 277-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Prolactin and GH cells were identified in thin sections taken from the adenohypophyses of adult male (6) and female (8) white-tailed deer, collected during all seasons of the year, by locating portions of the same cells in adjacent thick plastic sections immunostained for either PRL or GH. Growth hormone cells were round to ovoid in shape and filled with dense spherical secretory granules which ranged in size from 168 to 682 nm, with a mean diameter of 367 ± 18 nm (x̄ ± SD) in the 14 glands studied. No apparent seasonal changes were evident in the ultrastructural appearance of GH cells. Prolactin cells were small and angular in shape during the winter months and contained only a few small secretory granules. By early summer, they were markedly hypertrophied, round to oval in shape, and densely packed with large spherical secretory granules. The increase in size of PRL secretory granules was most prominent in pregnant females in May, when their mean diameter was approximately double that seen in midwinter. The ultrastructural appearance of PRL cells in September was similar to that of cells studied in March. The size distribution of PRL secretory granules overlapped that of the GH granules, ranging from 114 to 564 nm, and the mean diameter was 246 ± 53 nm, calculated from all 14 individual glands. Our observations suggest that the synthesis and secretion of PRL are closely linked to photoperiodic changes in this species, and they demonstrate the necessity of using specific immunocytochemical techniques in the ultrastructural identification of pituitary acidophils, and of specifying the time of year and location (species photoperiod) in studies concerning PRL physiology, particularly when dealing with wild animal populations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001600306
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical evaluation of mouse and rat kidneys with lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 168 (1983), S. 345-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Paraffin sections of mouse and rat kidney were stained with a battery of ten lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates and lectin binding was correlated with the ultrastructural distribution of periodate-reactive sugar residues as determined by the periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate technique. Various segments of the uriniferous tubule in both species showed differential affinity for labelled lectins. Significant differences were also evident between comparable tubular segments in mouse and rat kidneys. Neutral glycoconjugates containing terminal β-galactose and terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine were prevalent on the luminal surface of the proximal convoluted tubule in the rat, but α-N-acetylgalactosamine was absent in this site in the mouse. In both species, terminal N-acetylglucosamine was abundant in the brush border of proximal straight tubules but absent in proximal convolutions. Fucose was demonstrated in both proximal and distal segments of mouse kidney tubules but only in the distal nephron and collecting ducts in the rat. Lectin staining revealed striking heterogeneity in the structure and distribution of cellular glycoconjugates. Such cellular heterogeneity was previously unrecognizable with earlier histochemical methods. The marked cellular heterogeneity observed with several lectin-conjugates in distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts of both species raises a prospect that lectins can provide specific markers for intercalated and principal cells in the mammalian kidney. Glycoconjugates containing terminal sialic acid and penultimate β-galactose were present on vascular endothelium in both rodent kidneys, as were terminal α-galactose residues; but both species lacked reactivity for Ulex europeus I lectin in contrast to human vascular endothelial cells. The constant binding pattern of lectin conjugates allows convenient and precise differentiation of renal tubular segments and should prove valuable in the study of changes in kidney morphology promoted by experimental manipulation or pathologic changes.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001680308
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal changes in prolactin and growth hormone cells in the hypophyses of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus borealis) studied by light microscopic immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 159 (1980), S. 369-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Numerous investigators have shown a relationship between basal serum prolactin (PRL) levels and photoperiod in domestic ungulates, and we have shown recently that a similar seasonal baseline serum PRL profile exists in both sexes of a captive but free-breeding population of white-tailed deer. In order to localize and describe the distribution and possible seasonal changes of PRL and growth hormone (GH) cells in the adenohypophyses of deer, we have used antisera raised against ovine PRL and bovine GH and the unlabeled antibody enzyme technique, in conjunction with point counting morphometry. In addition, we have measured seasonal changes in pituitary PRL concentrations in this same population, using a heterologous application of a recently developed homologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) for ovine PRL. Our results show that GH and PRL cells comprise two morphologically separate and immunologically distinct populations. Growth hormone cells were distributed evenly throughout the gland, except in the zona tuberalis, and males had a slightly greater volume density of immunoreactive GH than females; however, there were no differences between sexes in the average size of these cells, and little seasonal change was observed in these cell populations. In contrast to GH cells, the volume density of PRL cells, the size of PRL cells, and the pituitary concentration of RIA-measurable PRL all showed marked seasonal changes in deer of both sexes. These changes were well correlated with one another and with previously reported changes in basal serum levels (in these animals), in that they all reached zenith during midsummer, and nadir in midwinter. Our results demonstrate the necessity of reporting the time of year and latitude (to specify photoperiod) in studies concerning PRL cell physiology, particularly when dealing with any wild animal population.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001590402
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light and electron microscopic cytochemistry of glycoconjugates in the rectosigmoid colonic epithelium of the mouse and rat (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 168 (1983), S. 239-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The several cell types in mouse and rat rectosigmoid colon have been examined with light and electron microscopic methods for localizing and characterizing complex carbohydrates. Mucous cells, also termed vacuolated cells, and goblet cells comprised most of the deep crypt epithelium in both species, and absorptive columnar cells and goblet cells mainly populated the more superficial epithelium of the upper crypts and main lumen. Occasional tuft cells and enteroendocrine cells were also encountered.Transitional cells structurally intermediate between mucous cells and absorptive cells contained granules characteristic of mucous cells and vesicles like those of columnar absorptive cells. These intermediate cells supported the concept of replacement of mucous by absorptive cells through transformation of mucous into absorptive cells. The intermediate cells also contained numerous lysosomes often in apparent fusion with mucous granules, indicating crinophagic disposal of mucous granules as a mechanism in the cell transformation. Glycoconjugate in absorptive cell vesicles resembled that coating the apical plasmalemma and appeared to represent the source of the glycocalyx of the brush border. Complex carbohydrate in these vesicles differed cytochemically from that of the mucous cell granules, which release their content into the crypt lumen. The absorptive cell vesicles, therefore, constitute an organelle distinct from the mucous cell granules rather than an atrophic form of the latter in a more mature cell.Goblet cells differed in failing to transform morphologically with age but changed in the cytochemical characteristic of their secretion during migration up the crypts. Terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues diminished, while terminal sialic acid-galactose dimers increased during the upward migration, indicating activation of glycosyl transferase synthesis in relation to goblet cell maturation.Glycoconjugate in secretion of mucous cell granules differed markedly from that in goblet cell granules, and content of both organelles differed from that of absorptive cell vesicles. However, secretion in mucous cell granules appeared generally similar for mice and rats with minor exceptions, and secretion in goblets of mice generally resembled that in goblets of rats. Cells interpreted tentatively as Kulchitsky cells stained for high content of fucose with the Ulex europeus I lectin. Globoid leukocytes infiltrating the epithelium of the rat but not the mouse rectosigmoid colon resembled globoid leukocytes in rat tracheal epithelium and, like the latter, appeared to derive from mast cells.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001680210
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