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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 37 (1981), S. 904-908 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Bragg intensity data extracted from energy-integrated neutron measurements were treated by a conventional split-atom model, with a series expansion in cubic harmonic functions, and by a Gaussian approximation for the molecular librations. The trigonal molecular axes are found to be smeared out close to cubic [111] axes with the Cl atoms near the [100] axes. With the three models mentioned consistent data are obtained for the root-mean-square translational amplitude: 0.4 Å, and the librational amplitude: 19.6°; both at 423 K. Data and results for three different temperatures are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Alanine ; Postoperative metabolism ; Gluconeogenesis ; Protein-catabolism ; Insulin ; Glucagon ; Alanin ; Postoperativer Metabolismus ; Glukoneogenese ; Eiweißkatabolismus ; Insulin ; Glukagon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei sieben Patienten wurde am 1. postoperativen Tag nach Cholecystektomie eine achtstündige Alanininfusion (90 mg/kg/h) durchgeführt und der Einfluß des erhöhten Plasmaalaninspiegels auf die postoperative Stoffwechselsituation untersucht. Folgende Metaboliten und Hormone wurden im Plasma bestimmt: Glukose, Harnstoff, freie Fettsäuren, Ketonkörper, Aminosäuren, Insulin und Glukagon. Gegenüber den Basalwerten (1. postoperativer Tag, nach einer 14stündigen Fastenperiode in der Nacht), vor Beginn der Alanininfusion, wurden folgende Veränderungen festgestellt: Die Plasmaglukosekonzentrationen stiegen bis zur 4. Infusionsstunde an und erreichten hier ein Maximum (p〈0.05). Von den Plasmaaminosäuren erhöhten sich die Konzentrationen von Alanin (um 300%,p〈0.001), Glutamin (36%,p〈0.05) und von α-Aminobutyrat (um 61%,p〈0.01). Die freien Fettsäuren und die Ketonkörper sanken unmittelbar nach Beginn der Alanininfusion ab (p〈0.05) und stiegen ab der fünften Infusionsstunde wieder an. Sowohl die Sekretion von Insulin, als auch die von Glukagon wurde durch die Alaninzufuhr stimuliert. Die Insulinstimulation erreichte bereits nach 5 min ihren maximalen Wert, während die Plasmaglukagonkonzentrationen bis zum Infusionsende anstiegen. Eine Berechnung der Stickstoffbilanz ergab nach der Korrektur mit den angestiegenen Plasmaharnstoffwerten eine ausgeglichene Proteinhomöostase unter der Alaninzufuhr. Die Stickstoffbilanz war, verglichen mit Kochsalzinfusionsperioden vor und nach der Alanininfusion, signifikant verbessert (p〈0.001). Aus den Ergebnissen wird geschlossen, (1) daß postoperativ erhöhte Plasmaalaninspiegel zu einer Stimulierung der Glukoneogenese und einem Konzentrationsabfall der lipolytischen Metaboliten im Plasma führen. Die dabei beobachtete Insulin- und Glukagonstimulation ist je nach der Dauer der Alanininfusion unterschiedlich, da nach einer längeren Alaninzufuhr die Insulinstimulation abnimmt, während die Glukagonstimulation andauert, und (2) daß Alanin in der unmittelbaren postoperativen Phase eine eiweißanabole Wirkung hat.
    Notes: Summary An alanine infusion (90 mg/kg/h) for eight hours was administered to seven patients after cholecystectomy in order to investigate the influence of elevated plasma alanine levels on the postoperative metabolism. The following metabolits and hormone concentrations were analysed in plasma: glucose, urea, free fatty acids, ketone bodies, amino acids, insulin and glucagon. Compared to the pre-infusion values on the 1. postoperative day after an overnight fasting, the following changes were monitored. The plasma glucose concentrations reached a maximum after four hours of infusion (p〈0.05). Of the amino acids, significant elevated levels were found for alanine (300%,p〈0.001), glutamine (36%,p〈0.05), and α-aminobutyrate (61%,p〈0.01). The free fatty acids and ketone bodies concentrations decreased immediately after the onset of the infusion of alanine (p〈0.05), and increased again during the last four hours of infusion. The secretion of insulin and also the secretion of glucagon were stimulated by the increased alanine levels. The stimulation of insulin reached a maximum after only five minutes, but the glucagon levels increased continously until the end of the infusion. During the administration of alanine a nitrogen homeostase was achieved, which was a significant improvement (p〈0.001) when compared to saline infusions before and after the alanine infusion. Conclusions: (1) Postoperative increased plasma levels of alanine stimulate gluconeognesis and reduce the plasma levels of lipolytic metabolites. The induced stimulation of insulin and glucagon is dependent on the duration of the alanine infusion for during extended infusion of alanine the insulin stimulation diminishes while the glucagon secretion continously increases. (2) Alanine is a potent anabolic substrate in the immediate postoperative situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Fingerprint profiles ; Vacuolated lymphocytes ; MPS I-H, II, and III ; Juvenile NCL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fingerprint (FP) profiles in vacuolated lymphocytes of mucopolysaccharidoses I-H, II, III-A, and III-B are a numerically rare, but possibly consistent finding as they have not been seen in vacuolated lymphocytes of other non-neuronal lipofuscinosis (NCL) lysosomal diseases. Their nosologic significance is not clear, but they may be as non-specific as tubular inclusions in lymphocytes and they are identical to those FP profiles seen in juvenile NCL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 51 (1980), S. 195-201 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A pituitary adenoma in a 67-year-old man was characterized by abundant mitochondria and identified as an oncocytoma, which clinically and histologically appeared as a chromophobe adenoma. In addition to the numerous mitochondria within the neoplastic cells, structurally abnormal mitochondria were also present. Compared with other pituitary oncocytomas reported in the literature, abnormally structured mitochondria appear rare among the mitochondrial population of pituitary oncocytomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 357 (1982), S. 77-84 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Malnutrition ; Cancer patients ; Postoperative complication rate ; Nutritional assessment ; Urea production rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 82 Carcinompatienten wurden der Ernährungszustand und die celluläre Immunreaktivität vor einem chirurgischen Eingriff erhoben und mit der postoperativen Komplikationsrate verglichen. Bei 47 Patienten erfolgte die Bestimmung des Ernährungszustandes unmittelbar bei der Aufnahme (ambulant) mittels anthropometrischer Methoden (Körpergewicht, Gewichtsabnahme, Oberarmumfang, Tricepshautfaltendicke) und laborchemischer Parameter (Albumin, Präalbumin, retinolbindendes Protein, Transferrin, Cholinesterase). Bei 35 Patienten wurde der Eiweißkatabolismus (akut gestörte Proteinhomöostase in Richtung Stickstoffverlust) mit der Harnstoffproduktionsrate bestimmt. Die Bestimmung des Immunstatus erfolgte durch Applikation von 5 intracutan applizierten Antigenen und durch Bestimmung der Lymphocytenzahl. 55 % der Carcinompatienten hatten Anzeichen einer Mangelernährung. Kurative Eingriffe waren bei 17,4 % der mangelernährten und bei 50 % der normalernährten und übergewichtigen Patienten möglich (P 〈 0.0001). Die Komplikationsrate war bei den mangelernährten Patienten mit 47 gegenüber 20 % bei den normal ernährten signifikant erhöht (P 〈 0.05). Bei Carcinompatienten mit Mangelernährung und Anergie war kein kurativer Eingriff möglich. Auf Grund des vergrößerten postoperativen Risikos der mangelernährten Patienten sollten diese vor einer chirurgischen Behandlung erfaßt und einer Ernährungstherapie zugeführt werden.
    Notes: Summary The nutritional status and skin reactivity of 82 cancer patients were determined before surgery and compared with the postoperative complication rate. The nutritional status of 47 patients was evaluated by weight, height, weight-loss, arm muscle circumference, triceps skin-fold measurements, serum albumin, pre-albumin, retinolbinding protein, tranferrin, and cholinesterase. In 35 patients protein catabolism was assessed by the urea production rate (catabolism 〉 15 g/d). Immunity was assessed by the total lymphocyte count and a skin reactivity test. Using these criteria, 55 % of the patients were malnourished. Curative operations could only be carried out in 17.4% of the malnourished, but in 50 % of the normally nourished patients (P 〈 0.0001). Postoperative complications were increased in malnourished patients (47%) when compared with normaly nourished patients (20 %,P 〈 0.05). In anergic and malnourished cancer patients no curative surgical treatment was possible. Due to the increased postoperative complication rate in malnourished cancer patients, nutritional assessment, including the determination of cellular immunity should be performed after admission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 362 (1984), S. 263-274 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Gastric operations ; Early relaparotomy ; Cause and indication ; Lethality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Von 1977–1982 wurden 1442 Eingriffe am Magen durchgeführt. In 82 Fällen mußte eine Relaparotomie erfolgen. Die Ursachen waren 27mal Peritonitis mit Anastomosendehiscenz, 7mal Peritonitis ohne Anastomoseninsuffzienz. 14 Patienten hatten lokalisierte Abscesse, 11 einen Ileus, 7 unmittelbar postoperativ Nachblutungen. 5mal trat eine Gallefistel auf, 6mal eine schwere Pankreatitis. Die restlichen Relaparotomien erfolgten aus verschiedensten Indikationen. 47,6% der Reoperierten starben trotzdem in fast allen Fällen an einer chirurgischen Komplikation. Das therapeutische Ziel beim Auftreten einer schwerwiegenden Komplikation muß sein, diese rechtzeitig zu erkennen und ohne Verzögerung die suffiziente Relaparotomie durchzuführen.
    Notes: Summary From 1977–1982, 1.442 operations of the stomach were performed. In 82 cases a relaparotomy was necessary. In 27 cases the cause was peritonitis with anastomotic insufficiency. 7 patients had generalized peritonitis without anastomotic leakage. 14 had to be reopened because of localized abscesses. 11 patients had a bowel obstruction, 7 patients massive postoperative bleeding. 6 cases developed severe pancreatitis with peritonitis and 5 others developed bile leakage. The rest had several other complications. 47.6% of the reoperated patients died, most of them because of surgical complications. Therefore immediate reoperation should be performed before severe complications occur.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Pancreatitis ; Proteinase ; Proteinase inhibitor ; Resorption ; Pankreatitis ; Proteinasen ; Proteinaseninhibitoren ; Resorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Freie Proteinasen im Peritonealexsudat (PE) bewirken bei akuter Pankreatitis bei Patienten und tierexperimentell eine starke Abnahme des aktiven körpereigenen Proteinaseninhibitorsα2 Makroglobulin (in Patienten von 41,3 ± 6,7 nMol/g Protein im Plasma auf 2,8 ± 1,2 im Exsudat, bei 63 % der immunologischen Aktivität; bei Ratten von 68,8 ± 27,1 nMol/g Protein auf 15,4 ± 3,0). Proteolytische AktivitÄten des menschlichen PE (Fibrinplattenmethode; 14,5 ± 8,7 μg Trypsinäquiv./ml) werden durchα2M zu 70 %, durch Aprotinin (Trasylol, Bayer AG) zu 80 % gehemmt. Aprotonin verhindert ferner bei Ratten signifikant den Übertritt von Proteinen (1317-HSA) aus dem Bauchraum in die Zirkulation.
    Notes: Summary Peritoneal proteinases during acute pancreatitis deplete active endogenousα2M in peritoneal exudates (p. e.) in patients (2.8 ± 1.2 nMol/g protein vs. 41.3 ± 6.7 in patient's plasma, despite an immunological reactivity of 63 %) and rats (15.4 ± 3.0 nMol/g protein vs. 68.8 + 27.1 in plasma). Proteolytic activities of p. e. on fibrin plates (14.5 ± 8.7 μg trypsin equivalents/ml) could be inhibited byα2M to a rate of 70 %, by aprotonin (Trasylol, Bayer AG) to 80 %. Furthermore, in rats, intraperitoneal aprotinin reduces significantly the movement of proteins (1317-HSA) from the peritoneal space to the circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 565-567 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; Quantitation ; On-column injection with splitting and splitless sampling ; Pre-column ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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