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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological anomalies induced by Congo red in Aspergillus niger (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 185-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Aspergillus ; Hyphal extension ; Chitin microfibril formation ; Congo red ; Morphogenetic abnormalities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aspergillus niger germ tubes were exposed for 6 h to 0.15 mg/ml of Congo red, a stain which prevents chitin microfibril assembly. The most evident alterations, detected under ultraviolet light and by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, concerned the hyphal tips which burst or, most frequently, expanded into bulges. In the latter structures, new hyphal tips appeared which, after giving rise to more or less developed hyphae, were themselves converted into new bulges. Therefore, segments derived from isotropic and polarized growth alternated in the organisms exposed to the dye. An interpretation of these abnormalities is advanced based upon the assumption that the maintainance of a regular gradient of wall viscosity in the hyphal extension zone depends primarily on the capability of glycan chains to form crystalline aggregates of increasing complexity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414540
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antifungal properties of some pyrazolyl-alkyl-sulfides (1981)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 74 (1981), S. 7-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four 5-amino-4-alkylthio-pyrazoles were synthesized and their antifungal activity was evaluated in vitro in Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum cookei and Candida albicans. The compounds slightly influenced the growth kinetics of the yeast, but at concentrations ranging from 20 to 40 μg/ml completely prevented the mycelial growth of the two dermatophytes cultivated on Sabouraud's agar medium. An electron microscopic study, undertaken by using the most active compound, showed that in C. albicans mitochondria were the only cell targets affected whereas in the dermatophytes cell wall, plasmalemma and the main cytoplasmic organelles were damaged in various degrees. Since the most remarkable alterations were connected with membrane abnormalities, the cytological changes observed were tentatively interpreted as a consequence of the compound intrusion into the lipid bilayer of the membranes, since the drug is lipophilic in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441435
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural alterations inEuglena gracilis exposed to the herbicide isopropyl-N-phenylcarbamate (IPC) (1982)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 111 (1982), S. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Carbamate herbicide ; Euglena gracilis ; Nucleus ; Cytoskeleton ; Ultrastructural alterations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural abnormalities of various kinds and severity appeared inEuglena gracilis green cells after a 48-hour exposure to 4 × 10−4M of isoprophyl-N-phenylcarbamate (IPC), a widely used herbicide thought to affect microtubules and/or microtubule organizing centers in susceptible plant and animal species. A high proportion of cells contained nuclei in the G 2 phase of the cycle; in a significant percentage of organisms, however, structural aberrations of the nucleolus and chromosomes were evident. The pellicle outline, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and dictyosomes were also affected. The cytoplasm was rich in dense bodies which sometimes showed granular, fibrillar or tubular materials. Furthermore IPC partially inhibited flagellum regeneration after mechanical amputation. The mechanism by which IPC causes these responses remains unclear. Nevertheless, some indications suggest that the herbicide acts primarily on microtubule organizing centers. However, mitochondria, chloroplasts and nuclear constituents appear as possible additional targets of the compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281966
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cytochemical approach to the wound repair mechanism inUdotea petiolata (Siphonales) (1980)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 104 (1980), S. 105-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Sulphated polysaccharides ; Udotea ; Wound repair ; X-ray microanalysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary When injured, the thalli of the coenocytic algaUdotea petiolata undergo a rapid sealing process mainly due to the extrusion of two successive plugs. In the first, external and transitory plug, sulphated polysaccharides are the predominant components. In the second, permanent and internal plug, roundish bodies having a complex polysaccharidic composition are embedded in a fibrillar matrix of still unknown nature. The sulphated sugars were identified and located by means of Alcian Blue staining and X-ray microanalysis. A periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate technique proved useful especially in the study of the roundish bodies and in the compositional and structural comparison of the siphon wall with the wound wall. Phosphotungstic acid at low pH was used to evidentiate an extensive plasma membrane activity in the repairing cytoplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279373
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binucleation and abnormal chromosome distribution inEuglena gracilis cells treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (1983)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 114 (1983), S. 62-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Dimethyl sulfoxide ; Euglena gracilis ; Binucleation ; Karyological abnormalities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The addition of 5% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to cultures ofEuglena gracilis in the logarithmic phase of growth caused an immediate inhibition of cell multiplication and motility without completely blocking nuclear division. Importantly, some 50% of the cells were 2–3 times larger than normal and were also binucleate after 24–48 hours of treatment. Evidently binucleation resulted from the lack of cytokinesis after mitosis was induced. Transmission electron microscopy, using serial sections, showed the occurrence of nuclei either with a normal or a reduced number of chromatin masses. Solvent withdrawal led to a rapid recovery of all the normal cell activities. On the contrary, 2.5% of DMSO produced no effect during the entire period of treatment (48 hours), whereas a 1-hour exposure to 10% of the solvent was sufficient to provoke aspecific and irreversible cellular damage. Since DMSO is known to produce alterations in actin-containing structures in a wide variety of cells types, an involvement of microfilaments in cell motility, cytokinesis and chromosome separation during mitosis inEuglena is proposed and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279869
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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