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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 100 (1978), S. 2389-2399 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 8 (1979), S. 165-167 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Gamma camera renography ; Vesico-ureteral reflux ; Intravenous radionuclide cystography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study shows that Radionuclide imaging provides a simple method for detecting vesico-renal reflux in children, when an intravenous dose of 99mTc-D. T. P. A. is used as radioactive tracer. Forty-eight patients have been studied, of these twenty-eight also had intravenous pyelography with post-micturition films, micturating cystography, and cystoscopy. In this group of 28 patients the radionuclide imaging technique detected 25 refluxing ureters and 9 cases of bilateral vesico-renal reflux. Micturating cystography detected 12 refluxing ureters and only 3 cases were bilateral. Cystoscopy revealed 20 abnormal ureteric orifices and 6 patients had bilaterally abnormal orifices. Radionuclide imaging agreed with both the micturating cystograms and cystoscopic findings that reflux was occuring in 6 ureters. Radionuclide imaging agreed with the impression at cystoscopy that reflux was present in 18 ureters. Only 6 of the ureters diagnosed by micturating cystography as having reflux had abnormal ureteric openings at cystoscopy. The intravenous radionuclide imaging technique avoids the unpleasantness of catheterisation and its attendant risk of introducing infection. A lower dose of radiation is received than during radiological techniques. A renogram is obtained as part of the test. We believe this intravenous radionuclide imaging technique is a more “physiologically correct” test for vesico-renal reflux than any of the methods using catheterisation. Its limitations are that it is not so easy to use in hyperactive toddlers, nor does it give the anatomical definition that radiological techniques provide although improvements are expected with the latest gamma cameras and their associated equipment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 9 (1980), S. 213-215 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Intravenous radionuclide cystography ; Incompetent ureteric orifices ; Vesico-renal reflux
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intravenous radionuclide cystography (IVRNC) with one injection of 99m-Tc-DTPA measures renal function and detects vesico-renal reflux [1, 2,3]. This paper describes a possible means of detecting incompetent ureteric orifices during IVRNC examinations. In some patients a hold-up of material in the renal areas (stasis) was observed which suddenly cleared at micturition. A prospective study of 58 patients who had IVRNC and cystoscopy within 28 days of each other revealed that 76.3% had anatomically abnormal ureteric orifices on the same side as the stasis. This contrasted with only 12.8% of abnormal ureteric orfices found in patients not showing stasis (p〈0.005). As incompetent ureteric orifices are recognised as the major aetiological factor in vesico-renal reflux [4, 5, 6] this additional information gained at IVRNC could be of clinical use and perhaps avoid some cystoscopies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 603-608 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: pinacidil ; hypertension ; pinacidil pyridine-N-oxide ; urinary excretion ; protein binding ; pharmacokinetics ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Preliminary investigation in 3 healthy volunteers suggested that intravenous pinacidil in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg had a potent but well-tolerated hypotensive action in the supine position. Facial flushing, uncomfortable chest sensation and distressing postural hypotension occurred at serum concentrations above 300 ng/ml. Pinacidil, 0.2 mg/kg, was given intravenously over 4 min to 15 healthy volunteers in the supine position. Maximum fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 15.7±6.0 mmHg. Maximum rise in heart rate was 23.8±6.6 beats/min. Pinacidil serum distribution half-life ( $${\text{T}}_{{\raise0.7ex\hbox{${\text{1}}$} \!\mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\text{1}} {{\text{2}}\alpha }}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{${{\text{2}}\alpha }$}}}$$ ) was 13.4±8.5 min and elimination half-life ( $${\text{T}}_{{\raise0.7ex\hbox{${\text{1}}$} \!\mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\text{1}} {{\text{2}}\beta }}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{${{\text{2}}\beta }$}}}$$ ) was 2.13±0.49 h. The apparent volume of distribution (Vdβ) was 90.3±13.21 and total body clearance was 31.1±9.61/h. Pinacidil was approximately 40% bound to plasma protein over the concentration range 40–400 ng/ml. Urinary excretion of unchanged pinacidil accounted for 5.7 ± 1.3% of the administered dose over 24 hours and urinary excretion of the major metabolite, pinacidil pyridine-N-oxide, was 31.6±9.2% of the administered dose. It was concluded that intravenous pinacidil is a potent vasodilator hypotensive compound, with a duration of action between 1.5 and 2 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Greenfinch (Chloris chloris L.) ; Anti-synthetic LHRH serum ; Binding sites ; Immunofluorescent localization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary With an indirect immunofluorescence technique and an antiserum raised against synthetic LHRH, immunofluorescent granules were observed in fine radially oriented fibres in the palisade layer of the zona externa in both the anterior and the posterior divisions of the median eminence in the greenfinch. There was no specific immunofluorescence in the tractus supraoptico-hypophyseus. It is concluded that the greenfinch median eminence contains material which is similar to mammalian LHRH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) ; Pituitary gland ; Duck
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cells binding anti-bovine TSH β serum were found exclusively in the rostral lobe of the adenohypophysis of the drake using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex unlabelled antibody method. The specificity of the binding of the anti-serum to TSH cells was established by relating the morphology and relative abundance of immunochemically stained cells to the TSH content of the adenohypophysis after experimentally altering the activity of the pituitary-thyroid axis. The TSH activity of the adenohypophysis was assessed indirectly, by the weight of the thyroid glands, and directly, by bioassay. As determined by bioassay, the TSH content of the rostral lobe of the adenohypohysis was much greater than that of the caudal lobe. Compared with control drakes, immunochemically stained cells in birds fed a goitrogen, methimazole, seemed to be enlarged and were closer together, while the stained cells in drakes injected with thyroxine were shrunken and less intensely stained. The TSH content of the adenohypophysis was increased in drakes fed methimazole. Castration did not alter the TSH content of the adenohypophysis or change the morphology of immunochemically stained cells. These observations suggest that in the drake: 1) anti-bovine TSH β serum binds specifically to TSH cells; 2) the TSH cells occur in the rostral and not in the caudal lobe of the adenohypophysis; and 3) the activity of TSH cells is not inhibited by the feedback effects of gonadal steroids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 222 (1982), S. 283-298 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: LH-RH-neurones ; Diencephalon ; Immunohistochemistry ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nerve fibres and perikarya containing LH-RH-like material were identified immunohistochemically in the diencephalon of the domestic hen using the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase technique. Perikarya were thinly scattered in bilateral bands close to the third ventricle extending from the nucleus praeopticus paraventricularis magnocellularis, passing in front of the anterior commissure into the septal area. In this latter area, the perikarya tended to spread out laterally. A few perikarya were seen in the anterior portion of the nucleus paraventricularis magnocellularis but were not found in the infundibular nuclear complex. Fibre tracts were seen running dorso-ventrally in the preoptic area apparently associated with the lamina terminalis. Fibres, possibly nerve terminals, were found in the lamina terminalis and in the external layers of the anterior and posterior divisions of the median eminence. A large number of fibres was seen distributed throughout the infundibular nuclear complex; scattered fibres were found close to the third ventricle in the anterior hypothalamus. Extrahypothalamic fibres were also observed to project from the septal area into other parts of the telencephalon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adenohypophysis, duck ; Gonadotrophes ; Immunofluorescence ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An indirect immunofluorescence technique and an anti-chicken LH serum were used to localize cells in the adenohypophyses of drakes at different stages of their breeding cycle, after castration, and after castration combined with thyroxine treatment. Immunofluorescent cells were distributed throughout both lobes of the adenohypophyses from control and experimental birds and were shown to be alcian blue positive, PAS negative, basophiles. Immunofluorescent cells were as numerous in castrated birds as in castrated birds treated with thyroxine. Adjacent thin and semi-thin sections were used to study the cells binding anti-LH serum at light microscope and ultrastructural levels. The cells contained spherical granules with variable densities and diameters ranging between 40 and 280 nm in the rostral (= cephalic) lobe, and between 60 and 260 nm in the caudal lobe. The light microscope and ultrastructural observations showed that the anti-LH serum binds to cells which have been classified by other authors in the Pekin duck, quail and pigeon as TSH producing delta cells. The experimental technique used did not permit a distinction to be made between cells producing FSH and LH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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