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  • 2000-2004  (40)
  • 1975-1979  (4)
  • 1960-1964  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nb interaction with hydrogen plasma (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 760-766 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A niobium membrane was immersed in hydrogen plasma and could be electrically biased to vary the energy of bombarding ions in the range of 1–200 eV. The fluxes of plasma driven absorption and permeation were almost entirely governed by incident suprathermal neutrals (mostly, thermal atoms), whose energy does not depend on membrane bias, but the ions of controllable energy do affect the neutral-induced permeation through modifying the membrane surface. At the zero bias a high temperature-independent plasma driven permeation (superpermeation) was observed alongside of an enhanced absorption. Bombardment by ions of an energy higher than 50 eV resulted in a sharp decrease of the plasma driven permeation/retention and in an acceleration of boundary processes of absorption/reemission of thermal molecules. At ion energies below 50 eV, the effect of ion bombardment on the plasma driven permeation and the kinetic coefficients of boundary processes were nonmonotonic in ion energy, having a maximum at ∼10 eV. Both an in situ doping with O of the bulk of Nb and a membrane temperature increase reduced the effects of ion bombardment to their complete disappearance. Responsible for that was the replenishment by means of surface segregation of an oxygen monolayer sputtered by ion bombardment. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1331075
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a Ti seed layer on the magnetic properties of CoCrTa double-layered perpendicular media (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6367-6369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of a Ti seed layer on the magnetic properties and microstructure of Co77Cr19Ta4 was studied in Co77Cr19Ta4/Ti/M (M=Co91Zr3Nb6, Fe, Co) double-layered perpendicular recording media. A thin Ti film of ∼5 nm enhanced the c-axis alignment perpendicular to the film plane, resulting in a large perpendicular anisotropy Ku and the best magnetic properties under the present experimental conditions. The coercivity at this Ti thickness (3–3.7 kOe) was approximately half of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy field Hk estimated from the Ku value, even with the present thick 50 nm CoCrTa. The recording performance using a single-pole-type writing head showed that media with a 5 nm Ti layer had higher recording sensitivity compared to media without Ti layers, and a higher SN value at densities greater than 200 kFRPI. No significant loss of recording resolution due to the nonmagnetic Ti space between the CoCrTa and the back layers was observed by the use of the 5 nm Ti film. Moreover, the results for media with Fe back layers indicated that a thinner back layer with a high flux density can be used without any reduction of recording sensitivity and resolution. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372708
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experiments on ion-acoustic shock waves in a dusty plasma (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 440-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Dust ion-acoustic shock waves have been investigated experimentally in a homogeneous unmagnetized dusty double-plasma device. An initial compressional wave with a ramp shape steepens to form oscillations at the leading part due to dispersion. The oscillation develops to a train of solitons when the plasma contains no dust grain. The wave becomes an oscillatory shock wave when the dust is mixed in the plasma and the density of the dust grains is smaller than a critical value. When the dust density is larger than the critical value, only steepening is observed at the leading part of the wave and a monotonic shock structure is observed. The velocity and width of the shock waves are measured and compared with results of numerical integrations of the modified Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1431974
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering and extinction of ion beams in a dusty plasma device (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 5086-5090 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Collisions of ions with charged dust grains are important for the propagation of low frequency waves such as dust acoustic waves and dust ion-acoustic waves. The collision cross-sectional area of charged dust grains depends on the velocity of an ion beam. The collision cross-sectional area of charged dust grains with beam ions is measured. It is compared with the geometrical cross-sectional area of the grain. The experiment is performed in a dusty double-plasma device with glass beads of 8.9 μm in average diameter. The ion beam current and energy are measured with a directional retarding potential analyzer. It is observed that, when dust density inside the system is increased, the beam current ratio is reduced. From the reduction of the ion beam current, the effective cross-sectional area of the dust particle is estimated as a function of the beam energy. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1419253
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of ion-acoustic solitary waves in a dusty plasma (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 3921-3926 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An experiment on ion-acoustic solitary waves in dusty plasma is performed in a dusty double-plasma device. The leading part of a sinusoidal pulse develops to an oscillation. The troughs of the oscillation become shallow when dust particles are mixed into the plasma. The Mach velocity of the first peak in the oscillation decreases due to the presence of negatively charged dust grains for a fixed height of the peak. The width of the peak normalized with Debye length increases when the dust particles are introduced into the plasma. The experimental results are compared with the numerical integrations of a modified Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation which contains the terms of kinematic viscosity and of collisions of ions with the dust particles. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1387472
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibility between high energy particle confinement and magnetohydrodynamic stability in the inward-shifted plasmas of the Large Helical Device : Review,Tutorial and Invited Papers from the 43rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 2020-2026 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The experimentally optimized magnetic field configuration of the Large Helical Device [A. Iiyoshi et al., Nucl. Fusion 39, 1245 (1999)], where the magnetic axis is shifted inward by 15 cm from the early theoretical prediction, reveals 50% better global energy confinement than the prediction of the scaling law. This configuration has been investigated further from the viewpoints of high energy particle confinement and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability. The confinement of high energy ions is improved as expected. The minority heating of ion cyclotron range of frequency was successful and the heating efficiency was improved by the inward shift. The confinement of passing particles by neutral beam injection was also improved under low magnetic field strength, and there could be obtained an almost steady high beta discharge up to 3% in volume average. This was a surprising result because the observed pressure gradient exceeded the Mercier unstable limit. The observed MHD activities became as high as beta but they did not grow enough to deteriorate the confinement of high energy ions or the performance of the bulk plasma, which was still 50% better than the scaling. According to these favorable results, better performance would be expected by increasing the heating power because the neoclassical transport can also be improved there. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1448345
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High frequency effects in perpendicular recording media (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 4990-4992 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Simulations of perpendicular recording media were carried out to determine the effect of switching speed limitations upon recording performance. Simulations of hysteresis loops at various applied field sweep rates show that the onset of a switching speed limited increase in coercivity occurs for sweep rates in excess of 2×1013 Oe/s. Switching speeds of individual grains were found to be around 18 to 38 ps, depending on the medium thickness and the magnetization state of surrounding grains. Recording simulations show that for media thicknesses of up to 180 Å, writing frequencies of 5 Gbit/s are feasible before loss of output occurs. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373225
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ scanning tunneling microscopic study of polymerization of C60 clusters induced by electron injection from the probe tips (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2834-2836 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Polymerization of C60 clusters epitaxially grown on Si(111)-(7×7) substrates was found to be induced by electron injection from the probe tips of scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) as the sample bias was increased from +4.0 to +5.5 V, exhibiting an evolution behavior characterized by an incubation, a linear growth, and a saturation. The incubation time and the growth rate are dependent greatly on the sample site, which is explained by a model taking into account the pre-existing stress as the driving force of the polymerization and the internal stress built up as a consequence of polymerization producing a stress for backward reactions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1320865
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room-temperature Al single-electron transistor made by electron-beam lithography (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2256-2258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present a lithographically made Al single-electron transistor that shows gate modulation at room temperature. The temperature dependence of the modulation agrees with the orthodox theory, however, energy-level quantization in a tiny metallic island affects the device characteristics below 30 K. The charge-equivalent noise of the device at 300 K was measured to be ∼4×10−2 e/Hz1/2 at 1 Hz and is expected to be 1000 times lower in the white-noise regime at higher frequencies. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126313
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pruritus-associated response mediated by cutaneous histamine H3 receptors (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Histamine is one of the most common chemical mediators causing pruritus, and H1 receptor antagonists have been used as a first choice in its treatment. On the other hand, although the presence of H3 receptors has been identified in the skin, few studies have investigated the involvement of H3 receptors on pruritus.Objective  The purpose of this study was to examine whether H3 receptor agonist or antagonist influences the incidence of scratching behaviour in ICR or mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/WV mice.Methods  The mice were given an intradermal injection of H3 receptor agonist or antagonist into the rostral part of the back, and the occurrence of scratching behaviour at the injected site by the hind paws was counted over 60 min.Results  H3 receptor antagonists, thioperamide and AQ0145 significantly increased the incidence of scratching behaviour in ICR mice. H3 receptor agonist, (R)-alpha-methylhistamine, had no effect. On the other hand, (R)-alpha-methylhistamine significantly inhibited thioperamide or AQ0145-induced scratching behaviour. In addition, both thioperamide and AQ0145 elicited scratching behaviour in mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/WV mice.Conclusion  From these results, it may be concluded that H3 receptors are involved in the modulation of pruritus in the skin, and mast cells are not essential in this response. In addition, H3 receptor agonists can be useful as a novel therapeutic approach against pruritus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01876.x
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